2023年经济学人 美联储仍高度关注通胀风险

美联储仍高度关注通胀风险

    The world this week--Business

    本周国际要闻--商业

    The Federal Reserve left its benchmark interest rate on hold at a range of between 5.25% and 5.5%, but said it remained “highly attentive¹ to inflation risks”.

    美联储将基准利率维持在5.25%至5.5%的区间不变，但表示仍“高度关注通胀风险”。

    New forecasts from the central bank suggest that the American economy is proving to be more robust² than expected, pointing to another rate rise before the end of the year.

    美联储的最新预测显示，事实证明，美国经济比预期的更加强劲，并指出今年年底前还会有一次加息。

    Markets don’t expect the Fed to start cutting rates until towards the end of next year at the earliest.

    市场预计美联储最早要到明年年底才会开始降息。

    In its latest projections³, the OECD said that the impact of higher interest rates is “becoming increasingly visible”.

    经合组织在其最新预测中表示，高利率的影响“正变得越来越明显”。

    The organisation⁴ upgraded its estimate of world GDP growth this year to 3%, but pared back its forecast for next year to 2.7%.

    经合组织将今年的全球GDP增长预测上调至3%，但将明年的预测下调至2.7%。

    The OECD said that monetary⁵ policy needed “to remain restrictive” until inflation is firmly under control, but it warned that the effects of rate rises “will continue to work their way through economies for some time”.

    经合组织表示，在通胀得到牢牢控制之前，货币政策需要“保持限制性”，但经合组织警告称，加息的影响“将在一段时间内继续影响各经济体”。

    Instacart’s share price rose by 12% on its first day of trading on the Nasdaq exchange.

    Instacart的股价在纳斯达克交易所上市首日就上涨了12%。

    The online-groceries company raised the offer price of its shares to $30, after Arm’s successful IPO on September 14th whetted⁶ investors’ appetite for more tech offerings.

    在线杂货配送公司Instacart将其股票发行价上调至30美元，此前，Arm于9月14日成功上市，激起了投资者对更多科技股发行的兴趣。

    The British chip designer’s stock soared by 25% in its debut⁷ on the Nasdaq, raising $5bn to make it the biggest IPO in America in two years.

    英国芯片设计公司Arm的股票在纳斯达克上市首日就飙升了25%，筹集了50亿美元，成为两年来美国最大的首次公开募股。

    But the share prices of both Arm and Instacart fell back in subsequent trading.

    但在随后的交易中，Arm与Instacart的股价均有所回落。

    Bob van Dijk abruptly⁸ resigned as chief executive of Naspers, an internet company based in South Africa, and as the head of Prosus, which is controlled by Naspers and is one of the world’s biggest technology-investment firms.

    鲍勃·范戴克突然辞去了Naspers(总部设在南非的互联网公司)首席执行官一职，也卸任了Prosus负责人一职。Prosus由Naspers控制，是世界上最大的科技投资公司之一。

    Mr Van Dijk had led Naspers for nine years, trying to handle the problematic mismatch between the value of its assets and its share price.

    范戴克曾领导Naspers长达9年之久，试图解决该公司资产价值与股票价值之间的严重错配问题。

    Toshiba’s shareholders⁹ approved an offer for the Japanese conglomerate¹⁰ that will take it private.

    东芝的股东们批准了将这家日本企业集团私有化的要约。

    Its management hopes the fresh start will draw a line under years of upheaval¹¹.

    东芝的管理层希望，新的开始将为多年的动荡画上句号。

    The consortium taking over Toshiba is led by a Japanese private-equity firm, Japan Industrial Partners.

    收购东芝的是以日本私募股权公司Japan Industrial Partners为首的财团。

    Disney announced that it is doubling its investment in its theme parks, cruise line and resorts to $60bn.

    迪士尼宣布，将把对主题公园、游轮公司和度假村的投资增加一倍，提高到600亿美元。

    The company’s parks-and-experiences division generates more operating income ($7.6bn for the nine months ending July 1st) than its media and entertainment business ($2.2bn).

    迪士尼乐园与体验部门的经营收入(截止7月1日的前9个月的营收为76亿美元)高于其媒体和娱乐业务(22亿美元)。

1 attentive   

adj.注意的，专心的；关心(别人)的，殷勤的

参考例句：

• She was very attentive to her guests.她对客人招待得十分周到。
• The speaker likes to have an attentive audience.演讲者喜欢注意力集中的听众。

2 robust   

adj.强壮的，强健的，粗野的，需要体力的，浓的

参考例句：

• She is too tall and robust.她个子太高，身体太壮。
• China wants to keep growth robust to reduce poverty and avoid job losses,AP commented.美联社评论道，中国希望保持经济强势增长，以减少贫困和失业状况。

3 projections   

预测( projection的名词复数 )； 投影； 投掷； 突起物

参考例句：

• Their sales projections are a total thumbsuck. 他们的销售量预测纯属估计。
• The council has revised its projections of funding requirements upwards. 地方议会调高了对资金需求的预测。

4 organisation   

n.组织，安排，团体，有机休

参考例句：

• The method of his organisation work is worth commending.他的组织工作的方法值得称道。
• His application for membership of the organisation was rejected.他想要加入该组织的申请遭到了拒绝。

5 monetary   

adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的

参考例句：

• The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
• Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。

6 whetted   

v.（在石头上）磨（刀、斧等）( whet的过去式和过去分词 )；引起，刺激（食欲、欲望、兴趣等）

参考例句：

• The little chicks had no more than whetted his appetite. 那几只小鸡只引起了他的胃口。 来自英汉文学 - 热爱生命
• The poor morsel of food only whetted desire. 那块小的可怜的喜糕反而激起了他们的食欲。 来自英汉文学 - 汤姆历险

7 debut   

n.首次演出，初次露面

参考例句：

• That same year he made his Broadway debut, playing a suave radio journalist.在那同一年里，他初次在百老汇登台，扮演一个温文而雅的电台记者。
• The actress made her debut in the new comedy.这位演员在那出新喜剧中首次登台演出。

8 abruptly   

adv.突然地，出其不意地

参考例句：

• He gestured abruptly for Virginia to get in the car.他粗鲁地示意弗吉尼亚上车。
• I was abruptly notified that a half-hour speech was expected of me.我突然被通知要讲半个小时的话。

9 shareholders   

n.股东( shareholder的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The meeting was attended by 90% of shareholders. 90%的股东出席了会议。
• the company's fiduciary duty to its shareholders 公司对股东负有的受托责任

10 conglomerate   

n.综合商社，多元化集团公司

参考例句：

• The firm has been taken over by an American conglomerate.该公司已被美国一企业集团接管。
• An American conglomerate holds a major share in the company.一家美国的大联合企业持有该公司的大部分股份。

11 upheaval   

n.胀起，(地壳)的隆起；剧变，动乱

参考例句：

• It was faced with the greatest social upheaval since World War Ⅱ.它面临第二次世界大战以来最大的社会动乱。
• The country has been thrown into an upheaval.这个国家已经陷入动乱之中。