2023年经济学人 美国众议院议长麦卡锡被罢免

美国众议院议长麦卡锡被罢免

    The world this week--Politics

    本周国际要闻--政治

    America’s House of Representatives ejected Kevin McCarthy as speaker, the first time in history someone has been ousted¹ from the job.

    美国众议院罢免了凯文·麦卡锡的议长职务，这是历史上首次有人被赶下台。

    His downfall was initiated² by Matt Gaetz, a far-right congressman³, after Mr McCarthy secured the passage of a last-minute bill to avoid a government shutdown with Democratic support (the bill keeps the government functioning only until November 17th).

    他的下台是由极右翼国会议员马特·盖茨发起的，此前，在民主党的支持下，麦卡锡在最后一刻确保了一项避免政府关门的法案获得通过(该法案仅能让政府运转到11月17日))。

    Mr Gaetz said it was a sell-out.

    盖茨说这是一次背叛。

    In the ballot⁴ that decided⁵ Mr McCarthy’s fate a handful of rebellious⁶ Republicans joined the Democrats⁷ to fire him.

    在决定麦卡锡命运的投票中，少数反叛的共和党人加入了民主党人的行列，要求解雇麦卡锡。

    California’s governor, Gavin Newsom, appointed Laphonza Butler to the Senate seat left vacant by the death of Dianne Feinstein.

    加州州长加文·纽森任命拉邦扎·巴特勒填补黛安·范斯坦去世后空缺的参议院席位。

    Ms Feinstein was elected to the seat in 1992 and, aged⁸ 90, was the oldest member of the chamber⁹.

    范斯坦于1992年当选参议员，享年90岁，是参议院中年龄最大的议员。

    Ms Butler is a lesbian and only the third black female senator ever.

    巴特勒是一名女同性恋者，也是历史上第三位黑人女参议员。

    She is a close ally of Kamala Harris, America’s vice-president, who was the second black woman to be elected to the Senate.

    她是美国副总统卡玛拉·哈里斯的亲密盟友，哈里斯是第二位当选参议员的黑人女性。

    Donald Trump¹⁰’s trial for business fraud began in New York.

    唐纳德·特朗普商业欺诈案在纽约开庭审理。

    The civil charges against him are in addition to the accusation¹¹ that Mr Trump and his business inflated¹² the value of his assets in order to secure loans.

    除了针对特朗普的民事指控外，还有指控称，特朗普及其企业为了获得贷款而夸大了其资产价值。

    The judge (there is no jury) has already ruled that Mr Trump committed “repeated and persistent¹³ fraud” in that matter.

    法官(无陪审团)已经裁定，特朗普在这件事上犯有“反复和持续欺诈”罪。

    Robert Fico was hoping to become Slovakia’s prime minister again, after his party came first in a general election and sought to form a governing coalition¹⁴.

    罗伯特·菲科希望再次当选斯洛伐克总理，此前他所在的政党在大选中排名第一，并寻求组建执政联盟。

    Mr Fico, a pro-Russian populist nationalist, has been prime minister twice before, resigning in 2018 amid mass protests during a political crisis over the murder of a journalist.

    菲科是一名亲俄民粹民族主义者，此前他曾两次担任总理，于2018年在一场大规模抗议活动中辞职，那段时期因一名记者被谋杀而引发了政治危机。

    He has pledged to stop sending arms to Ukraine.

    他承诺停止向乌克兰运送武器。

    The European Union’s foreign ministers held a meeting in Kyiv, Ukraine’s capital, the first time they have gathered in a non-EU country.

    欧盟各国外长在乌克兰首都基辅举行会议，这是他们首次在非欧盟国家召集会议。

    They pledged more help for Ukraine, but the once-steadfast support for defending it has wobbled lately.

    他们过去承诺向乌克兰提供更多的帮助，但曾经坚定的保卫乌克兰的支持最近有所动摇。

    As well as the election of Mr Fico, Poland has got into a row with Ukraine over grain exports, and is not sending it more weapons.

    除了菲科当选(斯洛伐克总理)，波兰与乌克兰在谷物出口问题上也发生了争执，之后，波兰便没有向乌克兰提供更多武器。

    And America’s Republicans have blocked extra funding for Ukraine in Congress’s emergency-spending package.

    此外，美国共和党人已阻止了在国会紧急支出方案中对乌克兰进行额外拨款。

    Rishi Sunak, Britain’s prime minister, announced that the leg of a high-speed rail project connecting Birmingham to Manchester will be scrapped¹⁵.

    英国首相里希·苏纳克宣布，将取消连接伯明翰与曼彻斯特路段的高铁项目。

    The cost of HS2 soared from an initial 37.5bn pounds in 2009 (then 62bn dollars) to an estimated 100bn pounds.

    HS2高铁项目的成本从2009年起初的375亿英镑(当时合620亿美元)飙升至预计的1000亿英镑。

    Mr Sunak thinks the money could be better spent on transport links between northern cities.

    苏纳克认为将这笔资金投入到北方城市之间的交通连接更好些。

1 ousted   

驱逐( oust的过去式和过去分词 )； 革职； 罢黜； 剥夺

参考例句：

• He was ousted as chairman. 他的主席职务被革除了。
• He may be ousted by a military takeover. 他可能在一场军事接管中被赶下台。

2 initiated   

n. 创始人 adj. 新加入的 vt. 开始，创始，启蒙，介绍加入

参考例句：

• He has not yet been thoroughly initiated into the mysteries of computers. 他对计算机的奥秘尚未入门。
• The artist initiated the girl into the art world in France. 这个艺术家介绍这个女孩加入巴黎艺术界。

3 Congressman   

n.（美）国会议员

参考例句：

• He related several anecdotes about his first years as a congressman.他讲述自己初任议员那几年的几则轶事。
• The congressman is meditating a reply to his critics.这位国会议员正在考虑给他的批评者一个答复。

4 ballot   

n.（不记名）投票，投票总数，投票权；vi.投票

参考例句：

• The members have demanded a ballot.会员们要求投票表决。
• The union said they will ballot members on whether to strike.工会称他们将要求会员投票表决是否罢工。

5 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

6 rebellious   

adj.造反的，反抗的，难控制的

参考例句：

• They will be in danger if they are rebellious.如果他们造反，他们就要发生危险。
• Her reply was mild enough,but her thoughts were rebellious.她的回答虽然很温和，但她的心里十分反感。

7 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。

9 chamber   

n.房间，寝室；会议厅；议院；会所

参考例句：

• For many,the dentist's surgery remains a torture chamber.对许多人来说，牙医的治疗室一直是间受刑室。
• The chamber was ablaze with light.会议厅里灯火辉煌。

10 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

11 accusation   

n.控告，指责，谴责

参考例句：

• I was furious at his making such an accusation.我对他的这种责备非常气愤。
• She knew that no one would believe her accusation.她知道没人会相信她的指控。

12 inflated   

adj.（价格）飞涨的；（通货）膨胀的；言过其实的；充了气的v.使充气（于轮胎、气球等）( inflate的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）膨胀；（使）通货膨胀；物价上涨

参考例句：

• He has an inflated sense of his own importance. 他自视过高。
• They all seem to take an inflated view of their collective identity. 他们对自己的集体身份似乎都持有一种夸大的看法。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 persistent   

adj.坚持不懈的，执意的；持续的

参考例句：

• Albert had a persistent headache that lasted for three days.艾伯特连续头痛了三天。
• She felt embarrassed by his persistent attentions.他不时地向她大献殷勤，使她很难为情。

14 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

15 scrapped   

废弃(scrap的过去式与过去分词)； 打架

参考例句：

• This machine is so old that it will soon have to be scrapped. 这架机器太旧，快报废了。
• It had been thought that passport controls would be scrapped. 人们曾认为会放开护照管制。