2023年经济学人 以色列攻入加沙城“心脏地带”

 

以色列攻入加沙城“心脏地带”

The world this week--Politics

本周国际要闻--政治

Israel said that its soldiers were operating in the “heart” of Gaza city, where it believes Hamas’s underground headquarters are located. 以色列称其士兵正在加沙城“心脏地带”行动，以色列认为那里是哈马斯地下总部的所在地。

Yoav Gallant¹, Israel’s defence minister, said that Yahya Sinwar, the head of Hamas in Gaza, had been isolated² in his bunker (though he did not say where).

以色列国防部长约亚夫·加兰特表示，加沙地带哈马斯领导人叶海亚·辛瓦尔已被隔离在地堡中(尽管他没有透露具体地点)。

Binyamin Netanyahu, the Israeli prime minister, said that Israel would be responsible for Gaza’s security for an indefinite period after the war.

以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡表示，以色列将在战后无限期地承担加沙的安全责任。

The next day Antony Blinken, America’s secretary of state, said that after the war Gaza and the West Bank should be unified³ under the control of the Palestinian Authority (PA). 第二天，美国国务卿安东尼·布林肯表示，战后，加沙和约旦河西岸应该统一在巴勒斯坦权力机构的控制之下。

Mr Blinken sought to persuade Mr Netanyahu to agree to a humanitarian⁴ pause. 布林肯试图说服内塔尼亚胡同意人道主义停火。

The American diplomat⁵ met Mahmoud Abbas, the president of the PA, who demanded an immediate⁶ ceasefire. 这位美国外交官会见了巴勒斯坦权力机构主席马哈茂德·阿巴斯。阿巴斯要求立即停火。

American warplanes struck a weapons depot⁷ in Syria used by Iran.

美国战机袭击了伊朗在叙利亚使用的一个武器库。

More than 10,500 Palestinians, including 4,300 children, have been killed in the month-long war, according to Gaza’s Hamas-run health ministry⁸.

据加沙地区由哈马斯管理的卫生部称，超过10500名巴勒斯坦人在长达一个月的战争中丧生，其中包括4300名儿童。

Civilians¹⁰ continued to flee from the north of the enclave where the fighting is fiercest.

平民继续从战斗最激烈的飞地(加沙)北部逃离。

A year out from America’s presidential election, Democrats¹¹ triumphed in several state races. 距离美国总统大选还有一年，民主党在几个州的竞选中获胜。

They took full control of the General Assembly in Virginia, and in Kentucky Andy Beshear was re-elected as governor. 民主党完全控制了弗吉尼亚州的议会，安迪·贝希尔再次当选肯塔基州州长。

Voters in Ohio passed a constitutional amendment¹² to guarantee abortion¹³ access.

俄亥俄州选民通过了一项保证堕胎权利的宪法修正案。

Donald Trump¹⁴ lashed¹⁵ out at his accusers in a civil fraud trial in New York.

唐纳德·特朗普在纽约的一场民事欺诈审判中猛烈抨击了指控他的人。

In a four-hour testimony¹⁶ the former president disputed claims that he had deceived banks in his real-estate dealings.

在长达四个小时的证词中，这位前总统驳斥了有关他在房地产交易中欺骗银行的说法。

In September he was found liable for fraud; the trial will determine his punishment. 9月份，他被判犯有欺诈罪；这次审判将决定对他的处罚。

Separately, Mr Trump skipped the third debate of Republican presidential hopefuls.

另外，特朗普没有参加共和党总统候选人的第三场辩论。

Russia launched its biggest drone attack on Ukraine in weeks, targeting infrastructure¹⁷ in the country’s west and south.

俄罗斯几周来对乌克兰发动了最大规模的无人机袭击，此次袭击目标是乌克兰西部和南部的基础设施。

It also struck homes in Kharkiv, the second-largest city, and a civilian⁹ ship in Odessa, on the Black Sea. 俄罗斯还袭击了乌克兰第二大城市哈尔科夫的房屋，以及黑海沿岸敖德萨的一艘民用船只。

Volodymyr Zelensky, Ukraine’s president, warned that Russia was ramping¹⁸ up its attacks ahead of the winter.

乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基警告称，俄罗斯将在冬季来临之前加大攻击力度。

The European Union’s executive recommended opening accession talks with Ukraine and Moldova when the bloc’s leaders next meet in mid-December. 欧盟执委会建议，在12月中旬欧盟领导人下次会晤时，启动乌克兰和摩尔多瓦加入欧盟的谈判。

Ukraine, which was granted candidate status after it was invaded by Russia last year, was lauded¹⁹ for its reforms. 乌克兰在去年被俄罗斯入侵后获得了加入欧盟的候选资格，乌克兰因其改革而受到了称赞。

The EU’s annual enlargement report also flagged some remaining problems with corruption²⁰ and the mistreatment of minorities.

欧盟年度扩大报告还标记了腐败和虐待少数民族方面的一些遗留问题。

Antonio Costa, Portugal’s prime minister since 2015, resigned after police searched his residence and detained his chief of staff, as part of a corruption probe.

2015年以来担任葡萄牙总理的安东尼奥·科斯塔辞职，此前，作为腐败调查的一部分，警方搜查了他的住所，并拘留了他的幕僚长。

The investigation²¹ is looking into lithium mines and a green-hydrogen plant, which Mr Costa’s Socialist²² government has enthusiastically endorsed²³.

警方正在调查几座锂矿和一座绿氢发电厂，这是科斯塔所领导的社会党热情支持的产业。

1 gallant   

adj.英勇的，豪侠的；(向女人)献殷勤的

参考例句：

• Huang Jiguang's gallant deed is known by all men. 黄继光的英勇事迹尽人皆知。
• These gallant soldiers will protect our country.这些勇敢的士兵会保卫我们的国家的。

2 isolated   

adj.与世隔绝的

参考例句：

• His bad behaviour was just an isolated incident. 他的不良行为只是个别事件。
• Patients with the disease should be isolated. 这种病的患者应予以隔离。

3 unified   

(unify 的过去式和过去分词)； 统一的； 统一标准的； 一元化的

参考例句：

• The teacher unified the answer of her pupil with hers. 老师核对了学生的答案。
• The First Emperor of Qin unified China in 221 B.C. 秦始皇于公元前221年统一中国。

4 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

5 diplomat   

n.外交官，外交家；能交际的人，圆滑的人

参考例句：

• The diplomat threw in a joke, and the tension was instantly relieved.那位外交官插进一个笑话，紧张的气氛顿时缓和下来。
• He served as a diplomat in Russia before the war.战前他在俄罗斯当外交官。

6 immediate   

adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的

参考例句：

• His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
• We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。

7 depot   

n.仓库，储藏处；公共汽车站；火车站

参考例句：

• The depot is only a few blocks from here.公共汽车站离这儿只有几个街区。
• They leased the building as a depot.他们租用这栋大楼作仓库。

8 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

9 civilian   

adj.平民的，民用的，民众的

参考例句：

• There is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。
• He resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。

10 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

11 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 amendment   

n.改正，修正，改善，修正案

参考例句：

• The amendment was rejected by 207 voters to 143.这项修正案以207票对143票被否决。
• The Opposition has tabled an amendment to the bill.反对党已经就该议案提交了一项修正条款。

13 abortion   

n.流产，堕胎

参考例句：

• She had an abortion at the women's health clinic.她在妇女保健医院做了流产手术。
• A number of considerations have led her to have a wilful abortion.多种考虑使她执意堕胎。

14 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

15 lashed   

adj.具睫毛的v.鞭打( lash的过去式和过去分词 )；煽动；紧系；怒斥

参考例句：

• The rain lashed at the windows. 雨点猛烈地打在窗户上。
• The cleverly designed speech lashed the audience into a frenzy. 这篇精心设计的演说煽动听众使他们发狂。 来自《简明英汉词典》

16 testimony   

n.证词；见证，证明

参考例句：

• The testimony given by him is dubious.他所作的证据是可疑的。
• He was called in to bear testimony to what the police officer said.他被传入为警官所说的话作证。

17 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

18 ramping   

土堤斜坡( ramp的现在分词 )； 斜道； 斜路； （装车或上下飞机的）活动梯

参考例句：

• The children love ramping about in the garden. 孩子们喜欢在花园里追逐嬉戏，闹着玩。
• Have you ever seen a lion ramping around? 你看到过狮子暴跳吗？

19 lauded   

v.称赞，赞美( laud的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• They lauded the former president as a hero. 他们颂扬前总统为英雄。 来自辞典例句
• The nervy feats of the mountaineers were lauded. 登山者有勇气的壮举受到赞美。 来自辞典例句

20 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

21 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

22 socialist   

n.社会主义者；adj.社会主义的

参考例句：

• China is a socialist country,and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展中国家。
• His father was an ardent socialist.他父亲是一个热情的社会主义者。

23 endorsed   

vt.& vi.endorse的过去式或过去分词形式v.赞同( endorse的过去式和过去分词 )；在（尤指支票的）背面签字；在（文件的）背面写评论；在广告上说本人使用并赞同某产品

参考例句：

• The committee endorsed an initiative by the chairman to enter discussion about a possible merger. 委员会通过了主席提出的新方案，开始就可能进行的并购进行讨论。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The government has broadly endorsed a research paper proposing new educational targets for 14-year-olds. 政府基本上支持建议对14 岁少年实行新教育目标的研究报告。 来自《简明英汉词典》