纪录片《文明》 第119期 信仰之眼（18）

Through the 16th and 17th centuries,

整个十六世纪与十七世纪

Protestants and Catholics fought over this land

新教徒与天主教徒一直在争夺这片土地

in a conflict whose visual scars

斗争中留下的可见伤疤

can be found in churches across the country.

在全英格兰的教堂中都能够找到

There's no more powerful evidence of that than Ely Cathedral.

这伤疤的证据在伊利座堂中最为显著

Though later much restored,

尽管后期经过多次整修

Ely remains¹ an exquisite² jewel of Gothic architecture.

伊利座堂仍然是哥特式建筑中的一块精美宝石

Its cavernous nave³,

它那空旷巨大的教堂中殿

its ornate carvings⁴ that still reflect their medieval colours.

它那仍旧显现出中世纪色彩的华丽雕刻

And high above, this extraordinary Octagonal Lantern,

而正上方 这一气魄非凡的八角形提灯

almost a gateway⁵ to heaven itself.

几乎就是一条指向天堂的通道

But during the great religious schism⁶,

但是在宗教大分裂时期

the splendour of Ely would fall victim

辉煌的伊利座堂就被英格兰

to one of England's most infamous⁷ Protestant reformers.

最臭名昭著的新教改革家迫害了

On 9 January 1644, Oliver Cromwell,

1644年1月9日 当时的伊利地方长官

who was then Governor of Ely, marched into this cathedral

奥利弗.克伦威尔长驱直入进了这座教堂

in what is one of the most mythologised

这是英国宗教内战中

and probably highly embellished⁸ incidents

发生的一件最具神秘色彩

in the English Religious Civil Wars.

且可能最被粉饰的事件

It's hard to imagine it now

如今已很难想象当时的情景了

because it all feels so tranquil⁹ here,

因为这里的一切都感觉是如此平静

but the story goes that Cromwell went up to the priest

但据说当时克伦威尔走到那位

who was conducting evening service,

正在主持晚礼拜的牧师面前

told him to put away his version of the prayer book,

命令他把自己的那版祈祷书收起来

to stop the choir¹⁰ singing

命令唱诗班停止歌唱

- a kind of "Turn off the music" moment -

这是一种"强迫终止音乐"的时刻

and then he either actively¹¹ encouraged

然后他要么是大肆煽动

or at least did nothing to stop his troops turning on the fabric¹²,

要么至少是任凭他的部队对教堂内的建筑

and the images and the glass in the place.

画像以及玻璃器皿进行破坏

As they went through the vestry and the cloisters¹³,

在穿过法衣室和回廊的时候

what they did was basically smash the place up.

他们所做的基本上就是在摧毁这座建筑

Cromwell's attack was just one assault in a long campaign

克伦威尔的进攻只是伊利座堂遭受的

against the images at Ely.

长期袭击运动中的一次

For these reformers, the worship of holy images

对这些改革家来说 对圣像的崇拜

was a Catholic superstition¹⁴,

是一种天主教迷信

a distraction¹⁵ from the pure word of God.

是对纯粹的上帝之言的偏离

The images at Ely had to go.

伊利座堂中的圣像必须消失

And here in the Lady Chapel¹⁶, there remains evidence of

在圣母堂中 还遗留着另一场事件中

widespread destruction on another occasion.

所发生浩劫的证据

1 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

2 exquisite   

adj.精美的；敏锐的；剧烈的，感觉强烈的

参考例句：

• I was admiring the exquisite workmanship in the mosaic.我当时正在欣赏镶嵌画的精致做工。
• I still remember the exquisite pleasure I experienced in Bali.我依然记得在巴厘岛所经历的那种剧烈的快感。

3 nave   

n.教堂的中部；本堂

参考例句：

• People gathered in the nave of the house.人们聚拢在房子的中间。
• The family on the other side of the nave had a certain look about them,too.在中殿另一边的那一家人，也有着自己特有的相貌。

4 carvings   

n.雕刻( carving的名词复数 )；雕刻术；雕刻品；雕刻物

参考例句：

• The desk was ornamented with many carvings. 这桌子装饰有很多雕刻物。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Shell carvings are a specialty of the town. 贝雕是该城的特产。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 gateway   

n.大门口，出入口，途径，方法

参考例句：

• Hard work is the gateway to success.努力工作是通往成功之路。
• A man collected tolls at the gateway.一个人在大门口收通行费。

6 schism   

n.分派，派系，分裂

参考例句：

• The church seems to be on the brink of schism.教会似乎处于分裂的边缘。
• While some predict schism,others predict a good old fashioned compromise.在有些人预测分裂的同时，另一些人预测了有益的老式妥协。

7 infamous   

adj.声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的，邪恶的

参考例句：

• He was infamous for his anti-feminist attitudes.他因反对女性主义而声名狼藉。
• I was shocked by her infamous behaviour.她的无耻行径令我震惊。

8 embellished   

v.美化( embellish的过去式和过去分词 )；装饰；修饰；润色

参考例句：

• The door of the old church was embellished with decorations. 老教堂的门是用雕饰美化的。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The stern was embellished with carvings in red and blue. 船尾饰有红色和蓝色的雕刻图案。 来自辞典例句

9 tranquil   

adj. 安静的, 宁静的, 稳定的, 不变的

参考例句：

• The boy disturbed the tranquil surface of the pond with a stick. 那男孩用棍子打破了平静的池面。
• The tranquil beauty of the village scenery is unique. 这乡村景色的宁静是绝无仅有的。

10 choir   

n.唱诗班，唱诗班的席位，合唱团，舞蹈团；v.合唱

参考例句：

• The choir sang the words out with great vigor.合唱团以极大的热情唱出了歌词。
• The church choir is singing tonight.今晚教堂歌唱队要唱诗。

11 actively   

adv.积极地，勤奋地

参考例句：

• During this period all the students were actively participating.在这节课中所有的学生都积极参加。
• We are actively intervening to settle a quarrel.我们正在积极调解争执。

12 fabric   

n.织物，织品，布；构造，结构，组织

参考例句：

• The fabric will spot easily.这种织品很容易玷污。
• I don't like the pattern on the fabric.我不喜欢那块布料上的图案。

13 cloisters   

n.（学院、修道院、教堂等建筑的）走廊( cloister的名词复数 )；回廊；修道院的生活；隐居v.隐退，使与世隔绝( cloister的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• The thirteenth-century cloisters are amongst the most beautiful in central Italy. 这些13世纪的回廊是意大利中部最美的建筑。 来自辞典例句
• Some lovely Christian Science ladies had invited her to a concert at the cloisters. 有几位要好的基督教科学社的女士请她去修道院音乐厅听一个音乐会。 来自辞典例句

14 superstition   

n.迷信，迷信行为

参考例句：

• It's a common superstition that black cats are unlucky.认为黑猫不吉祥是一种很普遍的迷信。
• Superstition results from ignorance.迷信产生于无知。

15 distraction   

n.精神涣散，精神不集中，消遣，娱乐

参考例句：

• Total concentration is required with no distractions.要全神贯注，不能有丝毫分神。
• Their national distraction is going to the disco.他们的全民消遣就是去蹦迪。

16 chapel   

n.小教堂，殡仪馆

参考例句：

• The nimble hero,skipped into a chapel that stood near.敏捷的英雄跳进近旁的一座小教堂里。
• She was on the peak that Sunday afternoon when she played in chapel.那个星期天的下午，她在小教堂的演出，可以说是登峰造极。