纪录片《文明》 第139期 艺术的胜利（16）

Every so often, the Virgin¹ herself

每过一段时间 圣母本人

would show up for the pilgrims.

都会出现在朝圣者的面前

But this is no provincial² scene, is it?

但这可不是什么粗俗的场景

Its appealing doorway³ in the backstreets of Rome,

这是罗马小巷中一座引人注目的房子门口

the doorstep drama is lit by a great wash of light.

一束耀眼的光照亮了门前的情景

But the reason why one of the Caravaggio's critics

但一名评论家称卡拉瓦乔的这幅画

said the painting caused a great "Schiamazzo", a cackle,

引起了"争议"[意大利语]

was because so much flesh was on display.

因为它暴露了太多肉体

This is a barefoot Madonna, not the spun⁴ sugar version

圣母赤着脚 不是传统绘画中

of conventional painting, but of real-life body,

纯洁天真的形象 而是真实的人体

probably Caravaggio's girlfriend.

原型可能是卡拉瓦乔的女朋友

And the adoration⁵ dwells on that sumptuous⁶ form -

作者对这华丽的形体倾注了爱慕之情

the heavy lids, the glossy⁷ ropes of hair.

厚厚的眼睑 光滑的发丝

And the naked Christ Child is a squirmy bambino, fat with pasta.

赤裸的圣婴蜷缩着 身躯肥胖

And the poor pilgrim couple who kneel before them

而跪在他们面前的那对贫穷的朝圣者

are made bodily present too -

也展现出了肉体身形

that big rump of the man,

男人肥大的臀部

those calloused⁸ feet from the long walk.

因长途跋涉而结满硬茧的双脚

As in all the greatest Caravaggio's,

同卡拉瓦乔所有杰作一样

these big fleshy figures are uncomfortably,

这些肥硕丰满的人物与我们如此接近

almost disturbingly, close to us.

令人不安 甚至令人排斥

Caravaggio has broken right through the fourth wall

卡拉瓦乔以践行

and he's done it in the

基督教义的名义

name of making the Christian⁹ message true.

直接打破了第四面墙

By which he means physically¹⁰ true.

他所说的真实是身体的写实

We don't get a kind of remote heavenly apparition¹¹ that's granted

我们看到的并不是通过某个牧师

to us by the intercession of some priest.

转授予我们的遥远而神圣的幻影

No, we are physically in the company of the Madonna and Child,

不 我们身临其境地和圣母与圣婴相伴

just as much as if we are walking down the street and look round

就好像我们走在街上扭头一看

and there they are, standing¹² in a doorway.

他们就在那里 站在某个门口

And this, of course, is a breach¹³ in every kind of decorum,

这自然违背了一切准则

social as well as aesthetic¹⁴.

不论是社会准则还是审美准则

But breaking rules was what this generation of Western artists

但这一代西方艺术家所追求的就是

was all about.

打破成规

And the closer they got both to God and to kings,

矛盾的是 他们越接近上帝和王权

paradoxically, the more freedoms they claimed.

对自由的渴求就越强烈

And one of the most spectacular

这些规则打破者中

of those rule breakers was a woman

有一位杰出的女性

in her 40s when she painted this in England -

她四十多岁时在英格兰创作了这幅作品

Artemisia Gentileschi.

她就是阿尔泰米西娅.真蒂莱斯基

1 virgin   

n.处女，未婚女子；adj.未经使用的；未经开发的

参考例句：

• Have you ever been to a virgin forest?你去过原始森林吗？
• There are vast expanses of virgin land in the remote regions.在边远地区有大片大片未开垦的土地。

2 provincial   

adj.省的，地方的；n．外省人，乡下人

参考例句：

• City dwellers think country folk have provincial attitudes.城里人以为乡下人思想迂腐。
• Two leading cadres came down from the provincial capital yesterday.昨天从省里下来了两位领导干部。

3 doorway   

n.门口，(喻)入门；门路，途径

参考例句：

• They huddled in the shop doorway to shelter from the rain.他们挤在商店门口躲雨。
• Mary suddenly appeared in the doorway.玛丽突然出现在门口。

4 spun   

v.纺，杜撰，急转身

参考例句：

• His grandmother spun him a yarn at the fire.他奶奶在火炉边给他讲故事。
• Her skilful fingers spun the wool out to a fine thread.她那灵巧的手指把羊毛纺成了细毛线。

5 adoration   

n.爱慕，崇拜

参考例句：

• He gazed at her with pure adoration.他一往情深地注视着她。
• The old lady fell down in adoration before Buddhist images.那老太太在佛像面前顶礼膜拜。

6 sumptuous   

adj.豪华的，奢侈的，华丽的

参考例句：

• The guests turned up dressed in sumptuous evening gowns.客人们身着华丽的夜礼服出现了。
• We were ushered into a sumptuous dining hall.我们被领进一个豪华的餐厅。

7 glossy   

adj.平滑的；有光泽的

参考例句：

• I like these glossy spots.我喜欢这些闪闪发光的花点。
• She had glossy black hair.她长着乌黑发亮的头发。

8 calloused   

adj.粗糙的，粗硬的，起老茧的v.（使）硬结，（使）起茧( callous的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）冷酷无情

参考例句：

• A most practical and emotionally calloused Youth interrupted. 一个非常讲究实际而心肠很硬的年轻人插了一嘴。 来自辞典例句
• McTeague exhibited his hard, calloused palms. 麦克梯格摊开那双生满老茧坚硬的手掌。 来自辞典例句

9 Christian   

adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒

参考例句：

• They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
• His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。

10 physically   

adj.物质上，体格上，身体上，按自然规律

参考例句：

• He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服，心绪也很乱。
• Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。

11 apparition   

n.幽灵，神奇的现象

参考例句：

• He saw the apparition of his dead wife.他看见了他亡妻的幽灵。
• But the terror of this new apparition brought me to a stand.这新出现的幽灵吓得我站在那里一动也不敢动。

12 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

13 breach   

n.违反，不履行；破裂；vt.冲破，攻破

参考例句：

• We won't have any breach of discipline.我们不允许任何破坏纪律的现象。
• He was sued for breach of contract.他因不履行合同而被起诉。

14 aesthetic   

adj.美学的，审美的，有美感

参考例句：

• My aesthetic standards are quite different from his.我的审美标准与他的大不相同。
• The professor advanced a new aesthetic theory.那位教授提出了新的美学理论。