新概念英语第三册lesson 11 Not guilty

Lesson 11:Not guilty    无罪

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What was the Customs Officer looking for?

    Customs Officers are quite tolerant these days, but they can still stop you when you are going through the Green Channel and have nothing to declare. Even really honest people are often made to feel guilty. The hardened professional smuggler¹, on the other hand, is never troubled by such feelings, even if he has five hundred gold watches hidden in his suitcase. When I returned form abroad recently, a particularly officious young Customs Officer clearly regarded me as a smuggler.
    'Have you anything to declare?' he asked, looking me in the eye.
    'No', I answered confidently.
    'Would you mind unlocking this suitcase please?'
    'Not at all,' I answered.
    The Officer went through the case with great care. All the thing I had packed so carefully were soon in a dreadful mess. I felt sure I would never be able to close the case again. Suddenly, I saw the Officer's face light up. He had spotted² a tiny bottle at the bottom of my case and he pounced⁴ on it with delight.
    'Perfume, eh?' he asked sarcastically⁵. 'You should have declared that. Perfume is not exempt⁶ from import duty.'
    'But it isn't perfume,' I said. 'It's hair gel.' Then I added with a smile, 'It's a strange mixture I make myself.'
    As I expected, he did not believe me.
    'Try it!' I said encouragingly.
    The officer unscrewed the cap and put the bottle to his nostrils⁸. He was greeted by an unpleasant smell which convinced him that I was telling the truth. A few minutes later, I was able to hurry away with precious chalk marks on my baggage.

New words and expressions 生词和短语

     guilty
adj. 犯罪的，违法的

     tolerant
adj. 宽容的

     declare
v.   申报

     hardened
adj. 有经验的

     professional
adj. 职业的，专业的

     smuggler
n.   走私者

     officious
adj. 爱管闲事的

     confidently
adv. 自信地
  
     dreadful
adj. 可怕的，一团糟的

     pounce³
v.   猛抓，扑住

     perfume
n.   香水

     sarcastically
adv. 讽刺地

     exempt
adj. 被免除的

     duty
n.   税

     gel
n.   凝胶

     mixture
n.   混合物

     unscrew
v.   拧开

     nostril⁷
n.   鼻孔

     chalk
n.   粉笔

     baggage
n.   行李

参考译文
 
现在的海关官员往往相当宽容。但是，当你通过绿色通道，没有任何东西需要申报时，他们仍可以拦住你。甚至是最诚实的人也常弄得觉得有罪似的，而老练的职业走私犯却使手提箱里藏着500只金表，却也处之泰然。最近一次，我也出国归来，碰上一位特别好管闲事的年轻海关官员，他显然把我当成走私犯。
    “您有什么需要申报的吗？”他直盯着我的眼睛问。
    “没有。”我自信地回答说。
    “请打开这只手提箱好吗？”
    “好的。”我回答说。
     那位官员十分仔细地把箱子检查了一遍。所有细心包装好的东西一会儿工夫就乱成一团。我相信那箱子再也关不上了。突然，我看到官员脸上露出了得意的神色。他在我的箱底发现了一只小瓶，高兴地一把抓了起来。
    “香水，嗯？”他讥讽地说道，“你刚才应该申报，香水要上进口税的。”
    “不，这不是香水，”我说，“是发胶。”接着我脸带微笑补充说：“这是一种我自己配制的奇特的混合物。”
    “你就闻一闻吧！”我催促说。
    海关官员拧开瓶盖，把瓶子放到鼻子底下。一股怪味袭来，使他相信了我说的真话。几分钟后，我终于被放行，手提划着宝贵的粉笔记号的行李，匆匆离去。

 

新概念英语正版图书购买

 

　　自学导读
Notes on the text课文注释
1  the Green Channel，绿色通道，指海关专供没有携带征税物品进关的旅客所走的通道。
2  hidden in his suitcase是过去分词短语作定语，修饰watches，它相当于一个定语从句：which were hidden in his suitcase.
3  looking me in the eye，直盯着我的眼睛，这是分词短语作状语，表示方式，修饰 asked。
4  The officer went through，这里go through作“检查”讲。
5  in a dreadful mess （或 in a mess），乱七八糟，混乱透了。
6  I saw the Officer's face light up．我看到那位官员的脸上露出了得意的神色。
7  You should have declared that．你早该申报了。“should +不定式的完成式”表示本该做而未做之事。
8  be exempt from 作“免除”、“豁免”解。

　　Multiple choice questions多项选择题
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension理解
1  What makes really honest people feel guilty when going through Customs?
a．Having five hundred gold watches hidden in their suitcases.
b．The particularly officious way Customs Officers always ask questions.
c．The fact that they are treated as potential smugglers.
d．Carrying things which are not exempt from import duty.
2  What made the Customs Officer's face light up?
a．Knowing how difficult it would be for the writer to close his case.
b．Seeing the bottle of hair gel which he could charge duty on.
c．The idea of having found something which should have been declared.
d．Discovering an unopened bottle of perfume at the bottom of the case.
3  The writer was in a hurry to get away because ______ .
a．he had grown impatient at having taken so long to get through Customs
b．he was anxious to get away from the unpleasant smell
c．he was afraid he might still be stopped for smuggling⁹
d．he was trying to escape with precious chalk marks
Structure结构
4  The Customs Officer asked him ______  he had anything to declare. (1. 9)
a．that
b．what3
c．for
d．whether
5  ‘Have you anything to declare? ’ he asked, looking ______ . (1. 9)
a．direct to me
b．me directly
c．directly at me
d．in my direction
6  ‘Would you ______ __please? ’ (1. 11)
a．unlock kindly¹⁰ this suitcase
b．kindly unlock this suitcase
c．unlock this suitcase kindly
d．be kind to unlock this suitcase
7  He told him he ______ it. (1. 16)
a．ought to have declared
b．must have declared
c．had to declare
d．needed to declare
8  ______ the cap, the Officer put the bottle to his nostrils. (1. 22)
a．Having unscrewed
b．Unscrewed
c．Being unscrewed
d．With unscrewedVocabulary词汇
9  Customs Officers are quite tolerant these days. They are ______ . (1  1)
a．tolerable
b．placid¹¹
c．easy-going
d．negligent¹²
10  A hardened professional smuggler feels ______ his behaviour. (11. 4-5)
a．unashamed of
b．unwronged by
c．unshocked by
d．guiltless of
11  As I expected, he was ______ . (1. 20)
a．incomprehensible
b．incredible
c．incredulous
d．sceptical
12  I was able to hurry away with precious chalk marks on my ______ . (11. 23-24)
a．handbags
b．luggage
c．casement¹³
d．equipment

　　【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★guilty
adj. 犯罪的，违法的
He felt guilty when he did what he shouldn't have done.
He said that with a guilty smile.
guilt(n.)
guiltily(a.)
反义词：innocent,innocence(n.)
★tolerant
adj. 宽容的
tolerantly(adv.)
tolerance(n.)
tolerate(vt.)
tolerable(adj)
★declare
v.   申报
★hardened
adj. 有经验的
(侧重于老练的）
a hardened player
a hardened thief
experienced(侧重于有经验的)
an experienced teacher
★professional
adj. 职业的，专业的
a professional player
★smuggler
n.   走私者
★officious
adj. 爱管闲事的
A lot of old ladies are officious.
officously(adv.)
officiousness(n.)
officious civil servant
an officious police officer
official: 官方的，官员的，正式的
An official inquiry¹⁴ will be made into this matter
★confidently
adv. 自信地
He went to do the work
confidently= with confidence 充满信心的
confident(adj.)
confidence(n.)
have confidence: 有信心
gain confidence: 获得信心
in confidence: 悄悄的，秘密的＝secertly
take sb.into one's confidence; 以某人为心腹
★dreadful
adj. 可怕的，一团糟的
＝frightful（表示胆怯的，恐惧的）
dreadful(侧重于可怕的，乱七八糟的）
★pounce
v.   猛抓，扑住
★perfume
n.   香水（人造的）
fragrance¹⁵: （抽象名词）芬芳，芳香
★sarcastically
adv. 讽刺地
★exempt
adj. 被免除的
★duty
n.   税
Customs Duty: 关税
Stamp Duty: 印花税
duty free: 免税的
同义词：tax
income tax: 所得税
★gel
n.   凝胶
★mixture
n.   混合物
mix(n.)
mix sth. with
★unscrew
v.   拧开
★nostril
n.   鼻孔
★chalk
n.   粉笔
★baggage
n.   行李
同义词：luggage

　　【课文讲解】
quite tolerant
我们在运用形容词、动词时，往往需要用副词来强调
表示“真正的”really
a really officious person
强调“特别，尤其是”particularly
强调“绝对的”absolutely
强调“完全的，彻底的”completely,entirely,fully,thoroughly
强调“特别，特别是”extremely
fairly---强调“一般般”
very……语气程度强烈“非常”
rahter……语意程度接近fairly,注意修饰形容词和副词特别是修饰形容词同时修饰名词时，不定冠词的位置
A fairly good book.
A rather good book/Rather a good book
quite---～right/wrong/mistaken/sure
Even really honest people...
a particularly officious young Customs officer...
the Green Channel=the Custom Office
are made to feel guilty
make,have,let及感官性动词see,hear,notice,feel 用于主动语态，符合宾语不定式的to符号应该省略，但这种结构改成被动式时，不定式符号必须还原
We heard someone come up the stairs
Someone was heard to come up the stairs
(on the one hand...)on the other hand
On the one hand we could stay and help you,but on the other hand it might be better i　　f you went to help him instead
higgen in his suitcase
过去分词短语作定语，修饰watches
Even if/though he has five hundred golden watches that are hidden in his suitcase.
looking me in the eys. 两眼直盯盯的注视着我
look sb.in the face,stare sb.in the eys=look directly at sb.
Not one of the men dared look him in the eye.
Would you mind unlocking this suitcase please?
注意：mind后面的动名词形式
The Officer went through the case with great care.
==The Officer examined the case carefully
with great care……强调相当的仔细
in a mess: 乱作一团
介词in 和名词搭配，表示一种状态
秩序井然；in good order
身体健康：in good health
心境好： in a good mood
脾气好：　in a good temper
light up:喜气洋洋，容光焕发
Masha's face lit up when she saw her old friend.
His face lighted up at the small triumph.
Tom really lighted up when he saw the new bicycle.
light过去式，过去分词：lit,lighted
但是如果运用过去分词作定语，表示被动点燃的，要用lighted
一支被点燃的雪茄：a lighted cigar
点燃的火炬：a lighted stick
介词短语---with delight“欣喜若狂地”
with和抽象名词搭配，表示内心充满了一种感情
自信地：with confidence
细心地：with care
骄傲地：with pride
欣喜若狂地：with delight
pounce on :向...猛扑过去，对...大作文章
The policeman pounced on the thief.
Don't pounce on my mistake.
should have和过去分词搭配，表示本应该做某事却没有做，具有谴责性的味道
You should have arrived here five minutes earlier.
You should have told me about it.
本不应该做某事：shouldn't have done
exempt: 免除的，被免除的　be～from
Drinks are not exempt from import duty.
as……关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，他所指代的内容就是主句的整个句子的含义，
As we know,the earth is round(众所周知）
As Brian pointed¹⁶ out,...(正如...所指出的）
正如...所提及的：as sb.mentioned
正如我很快得知的：as I soon learned
关系代词as和which的区别：
as所引导的非限制性定语从句，可用在主句之前。
which引导的非限制性定语从句，只能用在主句之后
副词形式：encouragingly
He was greeted by an unpleasant smell..
greet: 问候，向...致意；觉察到,呈现在...眼前，在...耳边
I woke up and was greeted by a bird's song.
Inside the room a dreaduful mess greeted us.
When he went into the kitchen,a smell greeted him.
precious:珍贵的

Multiple choice questions】
1.C
2.C  what----名词
3.A
4.D
5.C  look him in the eye/face=look directly at him
6.B  Would you kindly do sth.please?
7.A  should: ought to
8.A  Having finished his homework ,he went to bed.
9.C  宽容的，好相处的　　B 平静的
A  能忍耐的，可忍受的　D 疏忽的
10 A  feel ashamed of
D  无辜的
11.D 不愿意相信的
A: unable to be understood
The article is full of incomprehensible technical expressions.
B: unbelievable
What you said is incredible.
C: 不轻信的
D:  unwilling¹⁷ to believe
12.baggage=luggage

1 smuggler   

n.走私者

参考例句：

• The smuggler is in prison tonight, awaiting extradition to Britain. 这名走私犯今晚在监狱，等待引渡到英国。
• The smuggler was finally obliged to inform against his boss. 那个走私犯最后不得不告发他的首领。

2 spotted   

adj.有斑点的，斑纹的，弄污了的

参考例句：

• The milkman selected the spotted cows,from among a herd of two hundred.牛奶商从一群200头牛中选出有斑点的牛。
• Sam's shop stocks short spotted socks.山姆的商店屯积了有斑点的短袜。

3 pounce   

n.猛扑；v.猛扑，突然袭击，欣然同意

参考例句：

• Why do you pounce on every single thing I say?干吗我说的每句话你都要找麻烦？
• We saw the tiger about to pounce on the goat.我们看见老虎要向那只山羊扑过去。

4 pounced   

v.突然袭击( pounce的过去式和过去分词 )；猛扑；一眼看出；抓住机会（进行抨击）

参考例句：

• As soon as I opened my mouth, the teacher pounced on me. 我一张嘴就被老师抓住呵斥了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The police pounced upon the thief. 警察向小偷扑了过去。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

5 sarcastically   

adv.挖苦地，讽刺地

参考例句：

• 'What a surprise!' Caroline murmured sarcastically.“太神奇了!”卡罗琳轻声挖苦道。
• Pierce mocked her and bowed sarcastically. 皮尔斯嘲笑她，讽刺地鞠了一躬。

6 exempt   

adj.免除的；v.使免除；n.免税者，被免除义务者

参考例句：

• These goods are exempt from customs duties.这些货物免征关税。
• He is exempt from punishment about this thing.关于此事对他已免于处分。

7 nostril   

n.鼻孔

参考例句：

• The Indian princess wore a diamond in her right nostril.印弟安公主在右鼻孔中戴了一颗钻石。
• All South American monkeys have flat noses with widely spaced nostril.所有南美洲的猴子都有平鼻子和宽大的鼻孔。

8 nostrils   

鼻孔( nostril的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Her nostrils flared with anger. 她气得两个鼻孔都鼓了起来。
• The horse dilated its nostrils. 马张大鼻孔。

9 smuggling   

n.走私

参考例句：

• Some claimed that the docker's union fronted for the smuggling ring.某些人声称码头工人工会是走私集团的掩护所。
• The evidence pointed to the existence of an international smuggling network.证据表明很可能有一个国际走私网络存在。

10 kindly   

adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地

参考例句：

• Her neighbours spoke of her as kindly and hospitable.她的邻居都说她和蔼可亲、热情好客。
• A shadow passed over the kindly face of the old woman.一道阴影掠过老太太慈祥的面孔。

11 placid   

adj.安静的，平和的

参考例句：

• He had been leading a placid life for the past eight years.八年来他一直过着平静的生活。
• You should be in a placid mood and have a heart-to- heart talk with her.你应该心平气和的好好和她谈谈心。

12 negligent   

adj.疏忽的；玩忽的；粗心大意的

参考例句：

• The committee heard that he had been negligent in his duty.委员会听说他玩忽职守。
• If the government is proved negligent,compensation will be payable.如果证明是政府的疏忽，就应支付赔偿。

13 casement   

n.竖铰链窗；窗扉

参考例句：

• A casement is a window that opens by means of hinges at the side.竖铰链窗是一种用边上的铰链开启的窗户。
• With the casement half open,a cold breeze rushed inside.窗扉半开，凉风袭来。

14 inquiry   

n.打听，询问，调查，查问

参考例句：

• Many parents have been pressing for an inquiry into the problem.许多家长迫切要求调查这个问题。
• The field of inquiry has narrowed down to five persons.调查的范围已经缩小到只剩5个人了。

15 fragrance   

n.芬芳，香味，香气

参考例句：

• The apple blossoms filled the air with their fragrance.苹果花使空气充满香味。
• The fragrance of lavender filled the room.房间里充满了薰衣草的香味。

16 pointed   

adj.尖的，直截了当的

参考例句：

• He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
• She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。

17 unwilling   

adj.不情愿的

参考例句：

• The natives were unwilling to be bent by colonial power.土著居民不愿受殖民势力的摆布。
• His tightfisted employer was unwilling to give him a raise.他那吝啬的雇主不肯给他加薪。