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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
Lesson 44:Speed and comfort 又快捷又舒适
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Which type of transport does the writer prefer, do you think?
People travelling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go by land, sea, or air. Hardly anyone can positively1 enjoy sitting in a train for more than a few hours. Train compartments3 soon get cramped4 and stuffy5. It is almost impossible to take your mind off the journey. Reading is only a partial solution, for the monotonous6 rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon lulls8 you to sleep. During the day, sleep comes in snatches. At night, when you really wish to go to sleep, you rarely manage to do so. If you are lucky enough to get a sleeper9, you spend half the night staring at the small blue light in the ceiling, or fumbling10 to find you ticket for inspection11. Inevitably12 you arrive at your destination almost exhausted13. Long car journeys are even less pleasant, for it is quite impossible even to read. On motorways15 you can, at least, travel fairly safely at high speeds, but more often than not, the greater part of the journey is spent on roads with few service stations and too much traffic. By comparison, ferry trips or cruises offer a great variety of civilized17 comforts. You can stretch your legs on the spacious18 decks, play games, meet interesting people and enjoy good food -- always assuming, of course, that the sea is calm. If it is not, and you are likely to get seasick19, no form of transport could be worse. Even if you travel in ideal weather, sea journeys take a long time. Relatively20 few people are prepared to sacrifice holiday time for the pleasure of travlling by sea.
Aeroplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and even hardened travellers are intimidated22 by them. They also have the disadvantage of being an expensive form of transport. But nothing can match them for speed and comfort. Travelling at a height of 30,000 feet, far above the clouds, and at over 500 miles an hour is an exhilarating experience. You do not have to devise ways of taking your mind off the journey, for an aeroplane gets you to your destination rapidly. For a few hours, you settle back in a deep armchair to enjoy the flight. The real escapist can watch a film and sip23 champagne24 on some services. But even when such refinements26 are not available, there is plenty to keep you occupied. An aeroplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world. You soar effortlessly over high mountains and deep valleys. You really see the shape of the land. If the landscape is hidden from view, you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains that stretch out for miles before you, while the sun shines brilliantly in a clear sky. The journey is so smooth that there is nothing to prevent you from reading or sleeping. However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpled. You will not have to spend the next few days recovering from a long and arduous27 journey.
New words and expressions 生词和短语
positively
adv. 绝对地，完全地
compartment2
n. 列车客车厢内的分隔间（或单间）
cramped
adj. 窄小的
stuffy
adj. 憋气的，闷气的
monotonous
adj. 枯燥的，乏味的
rhythm
n. 有节奏的运动
click
v. 发出咔哒声
snatch
n. 短时，片段
sleeper
n. 卧铺
inspection
n. 检查
inevitably
adv. 必然地，不可避免地
destination
n. 目的地
exhaust
v. 使精疲力尽
ferry
n. 渡船
cruise
n. 巡游船
spacious
adj. 宽敞的
seasick
adj. 晕船的
intimidate21
v. 恐吓，恫吓
disadvantage
n. 短处，缺点
exhilarating
adj. 使人高兴的，令人兴奋的
escapist
n. 逍遥者
sip
v. 呷，啜
champagne
n. 香槟洒
refinement25
n. 精心的安排
breathtaking
adj.激动人心的；不寻常的
soar
v. 高飞，翱翔
effortlessly
adv. 不费力地
landscape
n. 景色
fresh
adj. 精神饱满的
uncrumpled
adj. 没有垮下来
参考译文
出远门的人常常需要决定是走旱路、水路，还是坐飞机。很少有人能够真正喜欢坐几个小时以上的火车。车厢很快就变得拥挤、闷热，想摆脱开旅途的困扰是很难的。看书只能解决部分问题。车轮与铁轨间单调的嘎喳声很快就会送你进入梦乡。白天是忽睡忽醒，到了夜晚，你真想睡了，却很难入睡。即使你走运弄到一个卧铺，夜间有一半时间你会盯着车顶那盏小蓝灯而睡不着觉；要不然就为查票摸索你的车票。一旦抵达目的地，你总是疲惫不堪。乘汽车作长途旅行则更加不舒服，因为连看书都几乎不可能。在公路上还好，你至少能以相当快的速度安全地向前行。但旅行的大部分时间都花在路上，而且只有很少的服务设施，交通也很拥挤。相比之下，坐船旅行或环游可以得到文明世界的各种享受。你可以在甲板上伸展四肢、做游戏，还能也很见到各种有趣的人，能享用各种美味佳肴——当然，这一切只有在大海风平浪静的情况下才有可能。如果大海肆虐起来，你就可能晕船，那种难受劲儿是任何一种别的旅行的方式都不会带来的。即使风平浪静，坐船旅行也要占用很长时间。没有多少人会为享受坐船旅行的乐趣而牺牲假期的时间。
飞机以危险而著称，连老资格的旅行者也怕飞机。飞机另一个缺点是昂贵。但就速度与舒适而言，飞机是无与伦比的。腾云驾雾，在30，000 英尺高空以500英里的时速旅行，这种经历令人心旷神怡。你不必想办法去摆脱旅途的困扰，因为飞机会迅速地把你送到目的地。几小时之内，你躺在扶手椅上，享受着旅途的欢乐。真正会享受的人还可以在某些航班上看一场电影和喝香槟。即使没有这些消遣条件，也总是有事可做。飞机上，你可以观察世界上非同寻常的奇妙的美景。你毫不费劲地飞越高山幽谷，你确能饱览大地的风貌。如果这种景色被遮住了，你可以观赏一下展现在你面前的、一望数英里的、连绵不断的云海，同时阳光灿烂，天空清澈明朗。旅途平稳，丝毫不妨碍你阅读或睡眠。不管你打算如何消磨时间，有件事是可以肯定的，即当你抵达目的地时，你感到精神焕发，毫无倦意，用不着因为漫长的旅途的辛苦而花几天时间休息来恢复精神。
自学导读
课文详注 Further notes on the text
1．Mrs. Anne Sterling29 did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men. 安·斯特林夫人在穿过森林追赶两个男人时，她并没有考虑到所冒的风险。
（1）think of在这里表示“考虑”、“思考”。
Have you ever thought of settling down in this town?
你有没有考虑过在这个镇上定居？
（2）表示“冒……危险”可以用 take the risk(of doing…)。
（3）run after 表示“追赶”：
On my way home, I saw a dog running after a cat.
我在回家的路上看到一只狗在追一只猫。
2．They had rushed up to her while she was having a picnic at the edge of a forest with her children…刚才，当她和孩子们正在森林边上野餐的时侯，这两个人冲到她跟前……
（1）up to可以表示地点、时间等“一直到……”：
The child ran up to his mother when he saw her.
那孩子看到他的母亲后便跑到她跟前。
He worked up to nine o'clock in the evening.
他一直工作到晚上9点。
（2）at the edge of表示“在……的边上”：
The park lies at the edge of the town.
公园位于镇边上。
3．in one's possession, 为某人所有。
也可以说 in the possession of sb.。这两种意思相同，但是人称代词一般用前一种表达方式：
The house used to be in my possession, but now it is in the possession of an old lady.
这座房子曾经归我所有，但现在它归一位老太太所有。
4．Mrs. Sterling got so angry that she ran after them. 斯特林太太非常气愤，向着他们追了过去。
so…that引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”。
下文中，The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away用了类似的引导结果状语从句的连词 such a…that。
5．out of breath，喘不上气，上气不接下气。
Tom ran to the shop to get some salt for his mother. When he reached there, he was quite out of breath.
汤姆为了给母亲买盐跑步去了商店。当他到那里时，他已很是上气不接下气。
6．go through，翻看。
这是个固定短语，含义之一是“（仔细地）搜查”、“在……中搜寻”：
She went through her bag, but she couldn't find her key.
她翻遍了包，但就是找不到她的钥匙。
语法 Grammar in use
动名词（2）
在第20课的语法中，我们学习了动名词的形式和一般作用，知道它可以代替名词作句子的主语、宾语、介词宾语等，也学习了它的否定式和完成式：
Washing the car made me tired.
擦洗汽车使我很累。（主语）
I enjoy reading.
我喜爱读书。（宾语）
Before leaving the office, he gave me a book.
他离开办公室之前给了我一本书。（介词宾语）
（1）动名词还可以用于动词+介词之后：
We are looking forward to his coming.
我们盼望着他的到来。
（2）在start，begin， continue等后面，既可以用不定式又可以用动名词，区别不大：
I began to learn/ learning English two years ago.
我两年前开始学英语。
（3）在love，like，prefer等动词后面，用不定式和动名词意义有所区别。带不定式时常表示特定的未来的事件（如正准备做某事或建议做某事），带动名词形式时则表示目前正在进行中的活动或一般的行为。在prefer…to…结构中则只能用动名词
我喜欢看电视。（一般行为）
（4）在need，want之后，动名词形式具有被动的含义，相当于被动的不定式：
The windows need cleaning.
这些窗子该擦了。（=need to be cleaned）
His shirt needs washing.
他的衬衣该洗了。
词汇学习 Word study
1．risk
（1）n. 危险，风险：
Is there much risk of losing money in doing football pools?
买足球新概念很有输钱的风险吗？
Roy Trenton took/ ran the risk of damaging his bus and drove it into the back of the thieves' car.
罗伊·特雷顿冒着撞坏他开的那辆公共汽车的危险把它撞在了小偷们的车的后尾上。
John saved me at the risk of his own life.
约翰冒着生命危险救了我。
（2）vt. 冒……危险，使……遭受危险：
We'd better take a taxi. We can't risk missing the plane.
我们最好还是坐出租车。我们不能冒误飞机的危险。
John risked his own life to save me.
约翰冒着生命危险救了我。
2．run与catch
动词run的本意是“跑”，后面加上不同的小品词可以表达“追赶”、“逃跑”等多种含义：
She ran through the forest after two men.
她穿过森林，追赶两个男人。
The man ran away with her bag.
那人拿了她的包跑了。
She has run off with all his money.
她拐带着他所有的钱逃走了。
The men dropped the bag and ran away.
他们扔下提包逃跑了。
catch的主要意思是“抓住”、“捉住”、“逮住”，但有些时候它可以表示“（及时）赶上”、“追上”等：
He ran quickly to catch the last bus home.
为了赶上最后一班回家的公共汽车他快速地跑着。
When she caught up with them, she saw that they were going through the contents of the bag.
当她赶上他们时，发现他们正翻着包里的东西。
练习答案 Key to written exercises
1．关键句型练习答案
A tried to steal(1.4); started running(1.5); continued to run (1.7); needs mending(1.10)
B 1 to see 2 working 3 ironing
4 to leave 5 to argue/ arguing 6 to come
7 seeing 8 knocking 9 waiting
10 to rain/ raining 11 working
12 taking
2．难点练习答案
1(sample sentences)
In the last minutes of the race, Jim caught up with the leader and passed him. 2 The farmer shouted at the children and they ran away.
3．多项选择题答案
1 c 2 b 3 c 4 c 5 c 6 b
7 d 8 a 9 b 10 a 11 b 12 d
课堂笔记
Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think of the risk...
take a risk：冒...风险
run after：追赶，追随，追求，
run behind：在某人后面跑
run to：跑向
rush up to：
up：向上；面对面 （down：方向相同）
in one's possession：为某人所拥有
so...that：如此...以至于
continued to do：接着做
catch up with：追上，赶上（强调结果）
contents of the bag：包里的东西
go through：浏览，翻看
run（straight）at
need doing：需要做，需要被做（被动含义）
needn't可以回答must开头的疑问句，只能用在肯定句中，可以直接加动词－ing
want doing：主动，表示被动含义
它们的主语一定是物
need to be done主语是人，也可以是物
1、never/not think of the risk she was taking
2、with sth in one's possession
3、need doing
letter writing：
Esq.
Esquire写信时对男性的敬称（放在人名的后面）
Mr.and Mrs.（已婚）
先写人名，再写地址
key structures
a.动词-ing做介词宾语，或做主语
b.to 做介词＋动词-ing
look forward to，be used to，be accustomed to（习惯于），
devote oneself to全身心投入， object to反对
my mother devote herself to doing the housework
i object to eating out
c.begin，start，continue＋to do/doing（没有区别）
d.hate，love，like＋doing--表示一种习惯
hate，love，like＋to do--表示一次性的行为
i like drinking tea我喜欢喝茶
i like to drink coffee我喜欢喝咖啡（现在）
would love/like to do：表示想要
i hate to disturb you，but can i come in for a moment please？
我不愿意打扰你，但我可以进来一会儿吗？
i hate disturbing people when they are busy
人们忙的时候，我不愿意打扰
i hate to （say)...
i hate to say i have no money，but i really need them
i hate to say，but i really have something important to do
e.need， want
如果以物体为主语，可以直接加动词-ing，表达被动含义
i hate to leave so early，but i'm afraid i have to（很好的告别用语）
mutiple choice
4.
that's后一般加特殊疑问词引导的从句
或that's all 加从句
for 加句子的时候，放在主句之后
biaoshi由于某个理由，我们不说for this，而说for this reason
5.frightful30 ＝ terrible
frightened感到害怕的
10.
steal后面加物，rob的后面加人
steal sth from sb
rob sb of sth
8.
what she did她做的事
what i said is true我所说的话是真的
that is what i heard那就是我所听到的事情
what＝the thing that
the thing is that my brother will come/arrive
the thing surprised me
the thing that/whick surprised me is that my brother will come
what surprised me is that my brother will come
收听单词发音 |
1
positively
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| adv.明确地，断然，坚决地；实在，确实 | |
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compartment
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| n.卧车包房，隔间；分隔的空间 | |
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3
compartments
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| n.间隔( compartment的名词复数 )；（列车车厢的）隔间；（家具或设备等的）分隔间；隔层 | |
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cramped
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| a.狭窄的 | |
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stuffy
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| adj.不透气的，闷热的 | |
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monotonous
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| adj.单调的，一成不变的，使人厌倦的 | |
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lull
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| v.使安静，使入睡，缓和，哄骗；n.暂停，间歇 | |
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lulls
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| n.间歇期（lull的复数形式）vt.使镇静，使安静（lull的第三人称单数形式） | |
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sleeper
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| n.睡眠者，卧车，卧铺 | |
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fumbling
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| n. 摸索,漏接 v. 摸索,摸弄,笨拙的处理 | |
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inspection
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| n.检查，审查，检阅 | |
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inevitably
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| adv.不可避免地；必然发生地 | |
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exhausted
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| adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的 | |
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motorway
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| n.高速公路，快车道 | |
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motorways
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| n.高速公路( motorway的名词复数 ) | |
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civilize
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| vt.使文明，使开化 (=civilise) | |
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civilized
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| a.有教养的，文雅的 | |
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spacious
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| adj.广阔的，宽敞的 | |
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seasick
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| adj.晕船的 | |
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relatively
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| adv.比较...地，相对地 | |
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intimidate
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| vt.恐吓，威胁 | |
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intimidated
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| v.恐吓；威胁adj.害怕的；受到威胁的 | |
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sip
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| v.小口地喝，抿，呷；n.一小口的量 | |
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champagne
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| n.香槟酒；微黄色 | |
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refinement
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| n.文雅；高尚；精美；精制；精炼 | |
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refinements
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| n.（生活）风雅；精炼( refinement的名词复数 )；改良品；细微的改良；优雅或高贵的动作 | |
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arduous
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| adj.艰苦的，费力的，陡峭的 | |
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fumble
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| vi.笨拙地用手摸、弄、接等，摸索 | |
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sterling
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| adj.英币的(纯粹的，货真价实的)；n.英国货币(英镑) | |
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frightful
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| adj.可怕的；讨厌的 | |
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