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美国国家公共电台 NPR Fear In An Age Of Real-Life Horror

时间:2019-11-06 01:21来源:互联网 提供网友:nan   字体: [ ]
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Fear In An Age Of Real-Life Horror

KAREN GRIGSBY BATES, HOST:

We've been thinking a lot about race and friendships here at CODE SWITCH; about what we've learned about race through our friendships and also when we've made big mistakes or been really hurt and disappointed. We're working on an upcoming project about this with Death, Sex And Money from WNYC. And we want to hear from you. When has race been a flashpoint in your friendships? Tell us your story. Send a voice memo1 or an email to [email protected]. Thanks.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

GRIGSBY BATES: Chimes and everything, yeah.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

GENE2 DEMBY, HOST:

(Laughter) You are listening to CODE SWITCH from NPR.

GRIGSBY BATES: (Imitating The Wicked Witch of the West) My little pretties.

DEMBY: I'm Gene Demby (laughter).

GRIGSBY BATES: I'm Karen Grigsby Bates, sitting in for Shereen.

DEMBY: So, y'all, here on CODE SWITCH, we have this little nickname for the Halloween season; it's called blackface advent3 because you can almost set your watch to it. Like, every October, we hear news stories about costume parties at schools or at workplaces or on college campuses. You know, some grainy footage of some sorority party will leak out into the world. And it becomes a whole controversy4 around, you know, people doing the most or doing the worst. It's a month of blackface controversies5 and redface controversies and yellowface scandals. And it all culminates6 in blackface Christmas on October 31.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

DEMBY: Racial mockery and trash candy - 'tis the reason for the season. Karen, can you tell I hate Halloween?

GRIGSBY BATES: I can.

DEMBY: OK. Good.

GRIGSBY BATES: But you know what? Almond Joys are not trash candy.

DEMBY: What? They are the worst.

GRIGSBY BATES: But we'll take that up later. Anyway...

DEMBY: They are better than Mounds7, but that's not saying much.

GRIGSBY BATES: You know, lately, it's kind of felt like people were in the Halloween spirit all year long...

DEMBY: Mmm hmm.

GRIGSBY BATES: ...Not just on Halloween, what with all the elected officials who've had their own little blackface scandals this year.

DEMBY: Yeah - almost forgot that that Northam stuff was this year. It feels like so long ago.

GRIGSBY BATES: It's been a long year.

DEMBY: Yes.

GRIGSBY BATES: And more recently, the same thing happened with the prime minister of Canada. Although, Justin Trudeau's people called it brownface when he got darker while in college, I think, in costume as what he thought an Arabian prince would wear.

DEMBY: 'Cause everything is terrible.

GRIGSBY BATES: Yeah (laughter). Everything is terrible right now.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

GRIGSBY BATES: Whether it was historical ignorance or lack of understanding of the weight of certain symbols or genuine malice8, it's easy for these celebrations of the merry and macabre9 to brush up against our country's very dark past.

DEMBY: And, listeners, that's what we're talking about this week - celebrating fear in an age of actual horrors; how it can make things worse and how it can make things better. So first up, KGB, you were telling me this wild story from not too long ago...

GRIGSBY BATES: (Laughter).

DEMBY: ...About one of your neighbors who is very zealous10 about this time of year.

GRIGSBY BATES: Yes.

DEMBY: OK. So set the scene for us. I know you live in a black neighborhood. But it's become a hotspot for gentrification. And the neighbor in the story, who loves them some Halloween, is a white dude, correct?

GRIGSBY BATES: Oh, yes. So there have been a few cultural misunderstandings as the new neighbors move in. He's a relatively11 new neighbor. He's been here less than two years. And apparently12, he and his wife are really into Halloween. Their house stands out because it's the most elaborately decorated one on the block. And, Gene, I came out of my house recently to see a skeleton hanging from a noose13 attached to the big magnolia tree in front of his house.

DEMBY: (Vocalizing) Y'all can't see me right now, but I slid all the way out of the chair. I'm, like, melted into the carpet.

GRIGSBY BATES: Yeah. Yeah. I thought it was just me.

DEMBY: Mmm hmm.

GRIGSBY BATES: And while I was there sort of blinking at this amazing sight, a couple was walking up the hill. And I heard the guy say, what the [expletive]? So I knew I wasn't hallucinating.

DEMBY: Oh, my God. So is that - is it still hanging up from this dude's tree?

GRIGSBY BATES: No. My neighbor, who is black, lives between him and me. And she went over and knocked on his door and said, listen. You need to take that down.

DEMBY: Bless her.

GRIGSBY BATES: Yeah. She told him that nooses14 strike a particularly unfortunate note in black neighborhoods and that many of the residents who live in this neighborhood might have older relatives or come from places who...

DEMBY: Yes.

GRIGSBY BATES: ...Know someone who's had that lived experience.

DEMBY: Yes. So what did he say?

GRIGSBY BATES: He was horrified15. He said he had no idea, didn't intend the message. And he took skeleton swinging from the noose down right away.

DEMBY: OK. That's good, right?

GRIGSBY BATES: He did replace them with big bags of simulated bloody16 guts17 or - I don't know. Maybe it was body parts or something. I didn't look too closely.

DEMBY: Oh, Halloween. There's no life in me. I've - I'm going up there yonder. I can't. I can't.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

DEMBY: So KGB, your - let's say enthusiastic. Your enthusiastic neighbor is one example. But with Halloween, so much of the problem with tackling this imagery is that it's mass-produced in a lot of ways. Like, think of all those Native American costumes you can just buy anywhere, right? You know the ones I'm talking about, listeners. It's got a headdress, maybe some feathers and some fringe. Karen, you spoke18 to one of our colleagues, Leila Fadel, who said that particular costume has become a shorthand for Native Americans across the country, across time, no matter the tribe or nation.

LEILA FADEL, BYLINE19: You know, you know those costumes. Every year, they're in the prepackaged plastic wrap - Native American woman, Native American man - on the shelves of pretty much every costume...

GRIGSBY BATES: Yes. I saw some earlier this week.

FADEL: Right.

HENU JOSEPHINE TARRANT: It'll be, like, a long-sleeved shirt with fringe on the edge of the sleeve or on the chest or something like that.

FADEL: I spoke to Henu Josephine Tarrant. She's a New York-based artist, performer. She's of the Ho-Chunk, Hopi and Rappahannock tribes. And she says those shirts actually hearken back to a very specific time in the 19th century, when white settlers were moving west, displacing Indigenous20 people.

TARRANT: During all of this and all of these Dakota wars and these other wars and these removal acts and starvation and famine and tuberculosis21, smallpox22 - I mean, so many sicknesses and violence was attached to that time period. A shirt like that is meant to kind of, like, represent that, you know? - represent a war shirt or represent a ghost dance shirt. And these are shirts that would be worn by native people during this particular time in history.

FADEL: That this costume is literally23 based on a shirt that people were hoping it would protect them from violence as the land was settled is harder to acknowledge as problematic because that's the founding of this nation. And the founding of the nation is problematic. But - and she made that point too. How come this, like, violent moment in which we're depicted24 in one specific way...

GRIGSBY BATES: Is what you choose to memorialize...

FADEL: Yeah.

GRIGSBY BATES: ...Forever and ever and ever...

FADEL: Forever.

GRIGSBY BATES: ...Via these costumes.

TARRANT: In a way, it really is a reflection of, I guess, the nation kind of - depiction25 of what - how we look to them and what we are to them.

GRIGSBY BATES: The general world is making them eternal victims because of the time period they chose to freeze in amber26.

FADEL: Exactly.

GRIGSBY BATES: So seeing these fake suede27 fringed shirts, the fake braids each year, what does she feel when she actually sees these costumes being sold and being worn?

FADEL: She's exhausted28, she said. She feels like in a lot of cases, people will retire certain costumes when they finally understand the offensive nature. And although we still see people don blackface now and again, there is a national uproar29 because there is an understanding of the history of dehumanization and degradation30 that goes with that. And she feels like it's very hard for people to understand that same feeling for Native American communities because it's part of this sort of history that's depicted in the films and the silent era films.

TARRANT: After "Manifest Destiny" and through the silent film era into, you know, films with sound, there was a recurring31 theme of, like, cowboys and Indians always, you know, because that is kind of like the, quote-unquote, "American story" of how we conquered this land, how we went west and how the 50 states came to be.

GRIGSBY BATES: So this would be the sort of thing that we always saw in all the old John Wayne movies of the, you know, the war whoops32 and...

FADEL: Right.

GRIGSBY BATES: ...The riding bareback on ponies33 and swooping34 down and swinging a tomahawk and speaking in English that they don't use in real life.

FADEL: Right. And then the other side of cultural appropriation35 is that money that's being made off of all these costumes is not going to these communities. And she talked about that as well. Like, if you do want to appreciate us in some way, appreciate our culture, which has so much beauty and so much history in it. You can do that.

TARRANT: In a way, I completely understand, as a nonnative person, why you find our culture beautiful, you know? And I would never look down on somebody for thinking something is beautiful. But you need to find another way to support us.

We have products. We have jewelry36. We have podcasts. We - you know, we have theater. We have all of these things that we're trying to work on too, you know? And we're trying to get out there. And I would say that's one of the best ways to support us, you know? Repeatedly in this country, we've not been honored, you know, from treaties to land agreements to, you know, annuities37 from the state, you know, to water rights. I mean, constantly, we're denied that support from this country.

GRIGSBY BATES: Well, hopefully, as time goes on, we'll be seeing less and less of those kinds of costumes and more and more support for the communities that the costumes are alleged38 to represent.

FADEL: Yes. Speaking of, what are you wearing for Halloween?

GRIGSBY BATES: If I can find the right stuff, I might go as Ruth Bader Ginsburg.

FADEL: Oh.

GRIGSBY BATES: I need a gavel.

FADEL: And you need the, like...

GRIGSBY BATES: The little lace collar.

FADEL: Yeah.

GRIGSBY BATES: I think 9 zillion other people had that idea...

FADEL: You should do her workout outfit39, actually.

GRIGSBY BATES: Oh, with her little...

FADEL: With the - yeah.

GRIGSBY BATES: ...(Laughter) with her little two-pound weights.

FADEL: Yes.

GRIGSBY BATES: That's about my speed.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

GRIGSBY BATES: Leila Fadel, thanks so much.

FADEL: Thank you.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

DEMBY: When we come back - how horror fiction can help us process real-life trauma40.

TANANARIVE DUE: Real life is so scary. Racism41 is so scary. Climate change is so scary. That - a movie about some demons43 and monsters and vampires45 - listen. That's nothing.

GRIGSBY BATES: That's after the break.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

GRIGSBY BATES: Stay with us, damn it.

DEMBY: Stay with us.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

DEMBY: Gene.

GRIGSBY BATES: Karen.

DEMBY: CODE SWITCH - and we're back, talking about fear in an age of horrors.

GRIGSBY BATES: Gene, you sat down with Tananarive Due. She's an author of several supernatural thrillers46. I've read many of them. And she's an amazing writer.

DEMBY: Yup.

GRIGSBY BATES: And she teaches a class here in LA at UCLA on black horror and Afrofuturism.

DEMBY: Yes. And Tananarive told me that she got her love for scary movies from her mother, who a lot of people may know - the influential47 civil rights organizer Patricia Stephens Due.

DUE: As a kid watching horror, for me, it was like a roller coaster ride; like, wee (ph), because I hadn't been through anything. I hadn't lost anything or anyone. But for my mother, who had felt unsafe in her own nation, who had been targeted by state violence during the civil rights era - I really now believe that she found a kind of solace48 in the fake monsters...

DEMBY: Mmm hmm.

DUE: ...The monsters that weren't real because she didn't believe in vampires. She didn't believe in zombies. She had no actual superstitions49 in real life that I can think of, so she was not a believer in any of this stuff. This was all escape.

DEMBY: Right.

DUE: So it's a way to sort of - you take that pain and the horror that you're walking around with, find something on a screen that replicates50 what your fear looks like and go through a process. So either the hero or heroine is going to fall or they are going to win. But either way, you've been through some kind of process where you can just - woo (ph) - exhale51 afterward52...

DEMBY: Right.

DUE: ...And walk away. And oh, that wasn't even real, you know? So whatever's on my plate, whatever is dogging me is not going to be that. It's not a demon42, at least (laughter).

DEMBY: Mmm hmm. And I guess, like, horror also has, you know, like - often has in-universe rules. So, like, the victims - usually, they've transgressed53 in some way, right? They're teenagers who were having sex. Maybe they covered up some kind of crime. Maybe they're just greedy. And so there's like an element of punishment there. But in real life, the kind of violence that people experience because of their identities is much more randomized, right? Like, it feels like...

DUE: That is - yes - so well put. I mean, that is true. I mean, I teach how to write horror too. And one of the common elements you find in both cinematic and literary horror is that because these protagonists54 are human...

DEMBY: Mmm hmm.

DUE: They do have flaws. And what you do is you amplify55 those personal flaws as the doorway56 that leads them to the mouth of the supernatural. So there is this sense that even a small transgression57 can be so unforgiven in the world of a horror novel or a horror movie that it unlocks the door of the demon or, you know, it wakes the vampire44 or it leads you straight into the arms of a zombie because you weren't even supposed to be here right now.

DEMBY: Right.

DUE: (Laughter) You know, you're supposed to be somewhere else but now - too bad for you. And in on those old slasher movies in the '80s, it was so obvious too. Like, if you had sex...

DEMBY: Mmm hmm.

DUE: If you did drugs, you were in big trouble in a horror movie (laughter).

DEMBY: (Laughter) Was there, like, a seminal58 horror movie that you picked up just, like, in proximity59 to your mom that, like - what were the movies of the books that she really, really rocked with that sort of resonated with you?

DUE: One of them is the movie "Mole60 People" (ph).

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

DUE: Right? I just remember being a kid, watching this movie "Mole People," thinking it was so scary.

DEMBY: Can you tell us a little bit about "The Mole People"? I've never seen this movie.

DUE: It's mostly very forgettable. But it's about a bunch of scientists who - I don't know. They discover, like, an alternate world under the Earth...

DEMBY: Uh huh.

DUE: ...Where these weird61 humanoid creatures have created some kind of dominion62 over deformed-looking mole people...

(SOUNDBITE OF FILM, "THE MOLE PEOPLE")

UNIDENTIFIED ACTOR #1: (As character) The bloodlusting mole people storming from their subterranean63 caverns64.

DUE: ...Who were, you know, dark (laughter).

DEMBY: Oh, man.

DUE: But I mean, they don't look human so much. But they're definitely dark and hunched65 and dressed in rags. And, you know, that's probably what scared me most was that they were down there being abused that way. That was what was scary.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

DUE: In adulthood66, just a couple months ago, I went back to look at "Mole People" to try to see why it spoke to me so much. And I was very confused for the longest time. It was not well done. The acting67 wasn't good.

DEMBY: Uh huh.

DUE: It was really kind of bland68. These scientists are on an expedition. I'm like, whatever. But then the mole people showed up. And they're supposed to be the scary monster, you know, to the viewer the movie was intended for. But I got it as an adult - why it had spoken to me so much as a child. I related to the mole people. They were dressed in tatters. They were being whipped and forced to work. They were a slave metaphor69. And we were supposed to feel so bad for the heroine when the mole-person drags her under the sand and she's screaming, but I was like, you know, viva la revolucion, baby. Let's get - you know, let's rise up (laughter).

DEMBY: (Laughter) All right, Tananarive, so I'm going to play shrink with you for a second. It doesn't seem on the surface that, you know, going to watch people be hacked70 or hacked to pieces would be self-care for someone who...

DUE: (Laughter).

DEMBY: ...Thinks about race a lot (laughter). So what is it about the experience for you in consuming and creating horror that is therapeutic71 or cathartic72?

DUE: Yeah, that idea of watching people hacked to pieces for no reason doesn't appeal to me either, I have to say. There are times I walk out of a horror experience feeling further traumatized, not less traumatized. You know, like, there's a family camping, and somebody killed everybody, including the baby. That's not fun to - you know, that's not fun to watch. And for some people, that's what horror is - like, every horror movie is just that, so they can't understand why anyone would like that stuff - when, in fact, there's a wide variety of kinds of horror, from psychological horror, which has no supernatural element but - to science-fiction horror, like, a movie like "Alien" or "Get Out" a science fiction because of the science element - supernatural demon horror, haunted house horror.

And for the ones that do appeal to me - and I love all of those. I love the haunted house. I love the family on vacation and something goes wrong story because every single time, I get to watch characters, hopefully that I care about - that's where I have to start - characters who seem real and whose lives I care about confront something they were either deathly afraid to confront or had no idea even existed until right now - you mean there's demons - right? - rise to the occasion, figure it out, fight back. You know, I really think that the survival strategies in horror appeal to me.

(SOUNDBITE OF FILM, "NIGHT OF THE LIVING DEAD")

RUSSELL STREINER: (As Johnny) They're coming to get you, Barbara.

JUDITH O'DEA: (As Barbara) Stop it. You're ignorant.

STREINER: (As Johnny) They're coming for you, Barbara.

DUE: My students were all laughing at the way Barbara falls and trips and, you know, just sort of sags73 on a corner in "Night Of The Living Dead."

(SOUNDBITE OF FILM, "NIGHT OF THE LIVING DEAD")

O'DEA: (As Barbara) Oh, no. Johnny, help me.

DUE: And that behavior does not appeal to me because that behavior will not do anything for me if anything really goes down where I have to run or fight. And I do think in a time of heightened political crisis and social crisis, a lot of us do sort of sit with that feeling that we don't know, was that a car backfiring, or do we need to dive under this table? And if I have to dive under this table, what do I need to grab so I can hit somebody with it? You know, this is more and more in the back of our minds. Are your neighbors going to descend74 on you for no reason because of something that has nothing to do with you? Are you going to have to run?

These are real questions. So for me, horror isn't theoretical. It's not, oh, like, what if scary things happened? It's like, it's scary things do happen. And I want to watch people dealing75 with scary things because they're teaching me how to survive, the ones who do survive. And they're also teaching me what not to do, the ones who don't survive. So either way, I walk out of a good horror movie feeling, like I said, empowered. And to me, it's worth it. Like, going through that gamut76 and being frightened and seeing characters rise to the challenge, and usually somebody can walk away - right? - that feeling of triumph really feeds something deep in me.

But I do - I will add this. As more and more black horror and horror starring black people gets popular, we do have to grapple with this question of how we treat black bodies and violence against black bodies on screen because this is very real, you know? A traumatized community - and it's entertainment - in some ways is not going to be able to sit and relax at watching certain kinds of violence, right? Of course, in horror, people do die. But you want to give death meaning, and you want to treat death with respect. You don't write lazily so that a character does something stupid and dies. You don't do that in any kind of horror, but especially for black characters. Do not let them go out being stupid.

DEMBY: Especially in real life in which, you know, violence, deadly violence against black and brown people, is often sort of treated as meaningless and almost like a natural thing.

DUE: Yeah I'm still so upset that Mike Brown's body was left lying out on that street for hours and hours on some kind of display, you know, as if to some sort of, like, warning to the community. What - it's just a sick - someone might say, oh, it was an oversight77 or whatever. But that - oversight? Are you kidding me? That - and that kind of trauma is something that we live with. So even if we don't know Mike Brown, that might not be my son, we know it could be our son. That could be our street, right? And it feels very personal. So yes, knowing that, creating black characters and brown characters, you have - there's a wariness78 that a lot of us carry in life where - you know the joke that we make fun as we watch horror movies, oh, people would never do that, and that kind of - you know, just roll our eyes in bad horror movies, I would say. So our characters have to sort of bring that same awareness79 in the fiction and the horror - you know, in the fiction and in the films - that they're not arbitrarily doing stupid things, that they're thinking it through, that if there's a sign of trouble, you react to that sign of trouble. You don't walk toward it; you walk away from it.

DEMBY: I'm thinking about just the other day after President Trump80 made his comments about lynching, one of the things that's happening on Twitter was people were trying to make a point about lynching by sharing photos from lynchings - from actual lynchings of black people in the United States.

DUE: Yeah.

DEMBY: And it was this really sort of macabre thing that was happening where people were trying to use these very grisly photos to make a point about why people should not be cavalier about lynching, about using that language, even as they were being sort of cavalier about showing these bodies. And it sort of occurred to me that we rarely see white people's bodies treated with that sort of casualness to make a rhetorical point. And it sort of underlines your point - the point you're making about the way black bodies are treated in horror.

DUE: Well, I - you know, I totally understand what happened there because I felt an impulse myself. Like, lynching - OK, this is what lynching - I totally get it. I was so angry. And then I stopped myself because, you know, as my follower81 count grows, I start to realize I have to sort of be mindful about the impact of the images that I tweet have on my followers82, who are already traumatized, right? So whether they're black, they're white, whatever, it's - we're all sort of like-minded in, like, what the hell is going on?

And daily trauma is bad enough. You know, I learned with Tamir Rice, the poor child shot playing with a toy gun in Cleveland, that I can't watch police videos anymore. So even if you told me this 11-year-old girl is only being beaten or whatever by a police officer, I can't - I know I can't watch that, which might sound funny, or ironic83, rather, for someone who writes horror, but I don't have the same stomach for real-life horror. And to me, a police officer physically84 abusing or even berating85 an 11-year-old child at her school is horror.

DEMBY: So horror movies and horror fiction provide, like, a safe way to process the feelings of horror around things like Trayvon Martin and Michael Brown that can't get resolved in real life.

DUE: Yeah. For me, real life is so scary. Racism is so scary. Climate change is so scary that a movie about some demons and monsters and vampires - listen; that's nothing, right? I can have fun watching that and get scared in a safe way that helps me engage with my fear in a way that won't hurt me or paralyze me and then expel it, walk out, go on about my business and be like, well, at least this president isn't a zombie, or whatever I want to tell myself.

(LAUGHTER)

DUE: Or, you know, at least there isn't a zombie outbreak going on while we're undergoing this presidency86 is what I mean to say, you know, 'cause that would be worse. It just would. So it makes you kind of grateful for the fact that there is no such thing as a zombie apocalypse that we know of, that, you know, we don't actually know people who are possessed87 - probably, you know? But, yeah, it's a lighter88, gentler way to engage with fear.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

DEMBY: Tananarive Due is a professor at UCLA, where she teaches a class on black horror and Afrofuturism. And she's also an author. Tananarive, thank you so much.

DUE: Oh, my pleasure. This has been great.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

DEMBY: So many longtime listeners of the CODE SWITCH podcast know that we often ask people to tell us the song that is currently giving them life. We haven't done that in a minute. We're trying to get back into it. But since KGB is here, I'm going to put you on the spot. Karen, what song is giving you life right now?

GRIGSBY BATES: Gene, it's Halloween week. So what song would I be listening to except Stevie Wonder's "Superstition"?

(SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "SUPERSTITION")

STEVIE WONDER: (Singing) Very superstitious89. Writing's on the wall. Very superstitious. Ladder's about to fall.

DEMBY: All right, y'all. That's our show. For even more CODE SWITCH Halloween content, check out our blog. Our intern90 Angela Vang wrote about all the Halloween nonsense that you should endeavor to stay away from this season. Please follow us on Twitter. We're @NPRCodeSwitch. You can follow Shereen, @RadioMirage, and me, @GeeDee215. And, Karen, what's your screen name again?

GRIGSBY BATES: @Karenbates - fancy, right?

DEMBY: Yes, very fancy. We want to hear from you. Our email is [email protected]. And subscribe91 to the podcast on NPR One or wherever you get your podcasts, but it should be NPR One.

GRIGSBY BATES: This episode was produced by Kumari Devarajan and Jess Kung. It was also edited by Leah Donnella.

DEMBY: And we would be remiss92 if we did not shut out the rest of the CODE SWITCH fam - LA Johnson, Adrian Florido, Maria Paz Gutierrez and Steve Drummond. Our intern, as you heard, is Angela Vang. I'm Gene Demby.

GRIGSBY BATES: And I'm Karen Grigsby Bates.

DEMBY: Shereen is back next week. Be easy, y'all.


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 memo 4oXzGj     
n.照会,备忘录;便笺;通知书;规章
参考例句:
  • Do you want me to send the memo out?您要我把这份备忘录分发出去吗?
  • Can you type a memo for me?您能帮我打一份备忘录吗?
2 gene WgKxx     
n.遗传因子,基因
参考例句:
  • A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
  • The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。
3 advent iKKyo     
n.(重要事件等的)到来,来临
参考例句:
  • Swallows come by groups at the advent of spring. 春天来临时燕子成群飞来。
  • The advent of the Euro will redefine Europe.欧元的出现将重新定义欧洲。
4 controversy 6Z9y0     
n.争论,辩论,争吵
参考例句:
  • That is a fact beyond controversy.那是一个无可争论的事实。
  • We ran the risk of becoming the butt of every controversy.我们要冒使自己在所有的纷争中都成为众矢之的的风险。
5 controversies 31fd3392f2183396a23567b5207d930c     
争论
参考例句:
  • We offer no comment on these controversies here. 对于这些争议,我们在这里不作任何评论。 来自英汉非文学 - 历史
  • The controversies surrounding population growth are unlikely to subside soon. 围绕着人口增长问题的争论看来不会很快平息。 来自辞典例句
6 culminates 1e079cac199f50d1f246c67891eef29e     
v.达到极点( culminate的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • Each civilization is born, it culminates, and it decay. 各种文明都要历经诞生,鼎盛和衰落。 来自《用法词典》
  • The tower culminates in a 40-foot spire. 这塔的顶端是一个40英尺高的塔尖。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
7 mounds dd943890a7780b264a2a6c1fa8d084a3     
土堆,土丘( mound的名词复数 ); 一大堆
参考例句:
  • We had mounds of tasteless rice. 我们有成堆成堆的淡而无味的米饭。
  • Ah! and there's the cemetery' - cemetery, he must have meant. 'You see the mounds? 啊,这就是同墓,”——我想他要说的一定是公墓,“看到那些土墩了吗?
8 malice P8LzW     
n.恶意,怨恨,蓄意;[律]预谋
参考例句:
  • I detected a suggestion of malice in his remarks.我觉察出他说的话略带恶意。
  • There was a strong current of malice in many of his portraits.他的许多肖像画中都透着一股强烈的怨恨。
9 macabre 42syo     
adj.骇人的,可怖的
参考例句:
  • He takes a macabre interest in graveyards.他那么留意墓地,令人毛骨悚然。
  • Mr Dahl was well-known for his macabre adult stories called 'Tales of the Unexpected'.达尔先生以成人恐怖小说集《意料之外的故事》闻名于世。
10 zealous 0MOzS     
adj.狂热的,热心的
参考例句:
  • She made zealous efforts to clean up the classroom.她非常热心地努力清扫教室。
  • She is a zealous supporter of our cause.她是我们事业的热心支持者。
11 relatively bkqzS3     
adv.比较...地,相对地
参考例句:
  • The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
  • The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
12 apparently tMmyQ     
adv.显然地;表面上,似乎
参考例句:
  • An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽,豁然开朗。
  • He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。
13 noose 65Zzd     
n.绳套,绞索(刑);v.用套索捉;使落入圈套;处以绞刑
参考例句:
  • They tied a noose round her neck.他们在她脖子上系了一个活扣。
  • A hangman's noose had already been placed around his neck.一个绞刑的绳圈已经套在他的脖子上。
14 nooses f33cc37ab446f0bb9a42dcd2fb68db8c     
n.绞索,套索( noose的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Now I must prepare the nooses and the rope to lash him alongside, he thought. 现在我得准备好套索和绳子,把它绑在船边,他想。 来自英汉文学 - 老人与海
  • The nooses are no prank. We were lynched, we were murdered. 这些绳套不是恶作剧。我们被处以了私刑,我们被谋杀了。 来自互联网
15 horrified 8rUzZU     
a.(表现出)恐惧的
参考例句:
  • The whole country was horrified by the killings. 全国都对这些凶杀案感到大为震惊。
  • We were horrified at the conditions prevailing in local prisons. 地方监狱的普遍状况让我们震惊。
16 bloody kWHza     
adj.非常的的;流血的;残忍的;adv.很;vt.血染
参考例句:
  • He got a bloody nose in the fight.他在打斗中被打得鼻子流血。
  • He is a bloody fool.他是一个十足的笨蛋。
17 guts Yraziv     
v.狼吞虎咽,贪婪地吃,飞碟游戏(比赛双方每组5人,相距15码,互相掷接飞碟);毁坏(建筑物等)的内部( gut的第三人称单数 );取出…的内脏n.勇气( gut的名词复数 );内脏;消化道的下段;肠
参考例句:
  • I'll only cook fish if the guts have been removed. 鱼若已收拾干净,我只需烧一下即可。
  • Barbara hasn't got the guts to leave her mother. 巴巴拉没有勇气离开她妈妈。 来自《简明英汉词典》
18 spoke XryyC     
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
参考例句:
  • They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
  • The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
19 byline sSXyQ     
n.署名;v.署名
参考例句:
  • His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
  • We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。
20 indigenous YbBzt     
adj.土产的,土生土长的,本地的
参考例句:
  • Each country has its own indigenous cultural tradition.每个国家都有自己本土的文化传统。
  • Indians were the indigenous inhabitants of America.印第安人是美洲的土著居民。
21 tuberculosis bprym     
n.结核病,肺结核
参考例句:
  • People used to go to special health spring to recover from tuberculosis.人们常去温泉疗养胜地治疗肺结核。
  • Tuberculosis is a curable disease.肺结核是一种可治愈的病。
22 smallpox 9iNzJw     
n.天花
参考例句:
  • In 1742 he suffered a fatal attack of smallpox.1742年,他染上了致命的天花。
  • Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child?你小时候打过天花疫苗吗?
23 literally 28Wzv     
adv.照字面意义,逐字地;确实
参考例句:
  • He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
  • Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候,她不走到真正要昏厥了,决不肯坐下来。
24 depicted f657dbe7a96d326c889c083bf5fcaf24     
描绘,描画( depict的过去式和过去分词 ); 描述
参考例句:
  • Other animals were depicted on the periphery of the group. 其他动物在群像的外围加以修饰。
  • They depicted the thrilling situation to us in great detail. 他们向我们详细地描述了那激动人心的场面。
25 depiction f490e01c7396351ff1441f8162831f34     
n.描述
参考例句:
  • Double rhythms, resounding through the lyric depiction and connecting with each other, indicate the thespian place of mankind and the cognition of the writer to this thespian place. 这双重旋律互为表里,表明了人类的某种悲剧性处境以及作家对这种悲剧性处境的感受和认识。
  • A realistic depiction of scenes from everyday domestic life. 日常家居生活的写实画。
26 amber LzazBn     
n.琥珀;琥珀色;adj.琥珀制的
参考例句:
  • Would you like an amber necklace for your birthday?你过生日想要一条琥珀项链吗?
  • This is a piece of little amber stones.这是一块小小的琥珀化石。
27 suede 6sXw7     
n.表面粗糙的软皮革
参考例句:
  • I'm looking for a suede jacket.我想买一件皮制茄克。
  • Her newly bought suede shoes look very fashionable.她新买的翻毛皮鞋看上去非常时尚。
28 exhausted 7taz4r     
adj.极其疲惫的,精疲力尽的
参考例句:
  • It was a long haul home and we arrived exhausted.搬运回家的这段路程特别长,到家时我们已筋疲力尽。
  • Jenny was exhausted by the hustle of city life.珍妮被城市生活的忙乱弄得筋疲力尽。
29 uproar LHfyc     
n.骚动,喧嚣,鼎沸
参考例句:
  • She could hear the uproar in the room.她能听见房间里的吵闹声。
  • His remarks threw the audience into an uproar.他的讲话使听众沸腾起来。
30 degradation QxKxL     
n.降级;低落;退化;陵削;降解;衰变
参考例句:
  • There are serious problems of land degradation in some arid zones.在一些干旱地带存在严重的土地退化问题。
  • Gambling is always coupled with degradation.赌博总是与堕落相联系。
31 recurring 8kLzK8     
adj.往复的,再次发生的
参考例句:
  • This kind of problem is recurring often. 这类问题经常发生。
  • For our own country, it has been a time for recurring trial. 就我们国家而言,它经过了一个反复考验的时期。
32 whoops JITyt     
int.呼喊声
参考例句:
  • Whoops! Careful, you almost spilt coffee everywhere. 哎哟!小心点,你差点把咖啡洒得到处都是。
  • We were awakened by the whoops of the sick baby. 生病婴儿的喘息声把我们弄醒了。
33 ponies 47346fc7580de7596d7df8d115a3545d     
矮种马,小型马( pony的名词复数 ); £25 25 英镑
参考例句:
  • They drove the ponies into a corral. 他们把矮种马赶进了畜栏。
  • She has a mania for ponies. 她特别喜欢小马。
34 swooping ce659162690c6d11fdc004b1fd814473     
俯冲,猛冲( swoop的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • The wind were swooping down to tease the waves. 大风猛扑到海面上戏弄着浪涛。
  • And she was talking so well-swooping with swift wing this way and that. 而她却是那样健谈--一下子谈到东,一下子谈到西。
35 appropriation ON7ys     
n.拨款,批准支出
参考例句:
  • Our government made an appropriation for the project.我们的政府为那个工程拨出一笔款项。
  • The council could note an annual appropriation for this service.议会可以为这项服务表决给他一笔常年经费。
36 jewelry 0auz1     
n.(jewllery)(总称)珠宝
参考例句:
  • The burglars walked off with all my jewelry.夜盗偷走了我的全部珠宝。
  • Jewelry and lace are mostly feminine belongings.珠宝和花边多数是女性用品。
37 annuities 334adc1039d91740ffab60ad8c097f64     
n.养老金;年金( annuity的名词复数 );(每年的)养老金;年金保险;年金保险投资
参考例句:
  • Many companies in this country grant their old employees annuities after they retire. 这个国家的许多公司在老年雇员退休后发给他们养老年金。 来自辞典例句
  • Can I interest you in one of our Easter Annuities or IRA accounts? 您对我们的复活节年金保险或者个人退休金帐户有兴趣吗? 来自电影对白
38 alleged gzaz3i     
a.被指控的,嫌疑的
参考例句:
  • It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office. 他被指称在任时收受贿赂。
  • alleged irregularities in the election campaign 被指称竞选运动中的不正当行为
39 outfit YJTxC     
n.(为特殊用途的)全套装备,全套服装
参考例句:
  • Jenney bought a new outfit for her daughter's wedding.珍妮为参加女儿的婚礼买了一套新装。
  • His father bought a ski outfit for him on his birthday.他父亲在他生日那天给他买了一套滑雪用具。
40 trauma TJIzJ     
n.外伤,精神创伤
参考例句:
  • Counselling is helping him work through this trauma.心理辅导正帮助他面对痛苦。
  • The phobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.恐惧症可能源于童年时期的创伤。
41 racism pSIxZ     
n.民族主义;种族歧视(意识)
参考例句:
  • He said that racism is endemic in this country.他说种族主义在该国很普遍。
  • Racism causes political instability and violence.种族主义道致政治动荡和暴力事件。
42 demon Wmdyj     
n.魔鬼,恶魔
参考例句:
  • The demon of greed ruined the miser's happiness.贪得无厌的恶习毁掉了那个守财奴的幸福。
  • He has been possessed by the demon of disease for years.他多年来病魔缠身。
43 demons 8f23f80251f9c0b6518bce3312ca1a61     
n.恶人( demon的名词复数 );恶魔;精力过人的人;邪念
参考例句:
  • demons torturing the sinners in Hell 地狱里折磨罪人的魔鬼
  • He is plagued by demons which go back to his traumatic childhood. 他为心魔所困扰,那可追溯至他饱受创伤的童年。 来自《简明英汉词典》
44 vampire 8KMzR     
n.吸血鬼
参考例句:
  • It wasn't a wife waiting there for him but a blood sucking vampire!家里的不是个老婆,而是个吸人血的妖精!
  • Children were afraid to go to sleep at night because of the many legends of vampire.由于听过许多有关吸血鬼的传说,孩子们晚上不敢去睡觉。
45 vampires 156828660ac146a537e281c7af443361     
n.吸血鬼( vampire的名词复数 );吸血蝠;高利贷者;(舞台上的)活板门
参考例句:
  • The most effective weapon against the vampires is avampire itself. 对付吸血鬼最有效的武器就是吸血鬼自己。 来自电影对白
  • If vampires existed, don`t you think we would`ve found them by now? 如果真有吸血鬼,那我们怎么还没有找到他们呢? 来自电影对白
46 thrillers 50c5cfce6641afc98610d7ca9bb71e11     
n.紧张刺激的故事( thriller的名词复数 );戏剧;令人感到兴奋的事;(电影)惊悚片
参考例句:
  • He has written seven thrillers, and clearly enjoys intellectual pursuits. 他已经写了7本惊悚小说,显然很喜欢这样的智力活动。 来自辞典例句
  • Most Americans prefer to read fast-moving adventure stories that we call "thrillers". 大部分美国人喜欢看我们称之为"惊险小说"的情节多变的冒险故事。 来自辞典例句
47 influential l7oxK     
adj.有影响的,有权势的
参考例句:
  • He always tries to get in with the most influential people.他总是试图巴结最有影响的人物。
  • He is a very influential man in the government.他在政府中是个很有影响的人物。
48 solace uFFzc     
n.安慰;v.使快乐;vt.安慰(物),缓和
参考例句:
  • They sought solace in religion from the harshness of their everyday lives.他们日常生活很艰难,就在宗教中寻求安慰。
  • His acting career took a nosedive and he turned to drink for solace.演艺事业突然一落千丈,他便借酒浇愁。
49 superstitions bf6d10d6085a510f371db29a9b4f8c2f     
迷信,迷信行为( superstition的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Old superstitions seem incredible to educated people. 旧的迷信对于受过教育的人来说是不可思议的。
  • Do away with all fetishes and superstitions. 破除一切盲目崇拜和迷信。
50 replicates 2cb25c60b573b908924058afde2ecd5a     
复制( replicate的第三人称单数 ); 重复; 再造; 再生
参考例句:
  • The bluetongue virus replicates in the insect. 蓝舌病病毒在这种昆虫体内繁殖。
  • The chameleon's skin replicates the pattern of its surroundings. 变色龙的皮肤可随环境的模式而改变颜色。
51 exhale Zhkzo     
v.呼气,散出,吐出,蒸发
参考例句:
  • Sweet odours exhale from flowers.花儿散发出花香。
  • Wade exhaled a cloud of smoke and coughed.韦德吐出一口烟,然后咳嗽起来。
52 afterward fK6y3     
adv.后来;以后
参考例句:
  • Let's go to the theatre first and eat afterward. 让我们先去看戏,然后吃饭。
  • Afterward,the boy became a very famous artist.后来,这男孩成为一个很有名的艺术家。
53 transgressed 765a95907766e0c9928b6f0b9eefe4fa     
v.超越( transgress的过去式和过去分词 );越过;违反;违背
参考例句:
  • You transgressed against the law. 你犯法了。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • His behavior transgressed the unwritten rules of social conduct. 他的行为违反了不成文的社交规范。 来自辞典例句
54 protagonists 97ecb64549899e35afb8e0bac92230bc     
n.(戏剧的)主角( protagonist的名词复数 );(故事的)主人公;现实事件(尤指冲突和争端的)主要参与者;领导者
参考例句:
  • Mrs Pankhurst was one of the chief protagonists of women's rights. 潘克赫斯特太太是女权的主要倡导者之一。 来自辞典例句
  • This reflects that Feng Menglong heartily sympathized with these protagonists. 这反映出冯梦龙由衷地同情书中的这些主要人物。 来自互联网
55 amplify iwGzw     
vt.放大,增强;详述,详加解说
参考例句:
  • The new manager wants to amplify the company.新经理想要扩大公司。
  • Please amplify your remarks by giving us some examples.请举例详述你的话。
56 doorway 2s0xK     
n.门口,(喻)入门;门路,途径
参考例句:
  • They huddled in the shop doorway to shelter from the rain.他们挤在商店门口躲雨。
  • Mary suddenly appeared in the doorway.玛丽突然出现在门口。
57 transgression transgression     
n.违背;犯规;罪过
参考例句:
  • The price can make an action look more like a transaction than a transgression.罚款让一个行为看起来更像是一笔交易而不是一次违法行为。
  • The areas of transgression are indicated by wide spacing of the thickness contours.那幢摩天大楼高耸入云。
58 seminal Qzrwo     
adj.影响深远的;种子的
参考例句:
  • The reforms have been a seminal event in the history of the NHS.这些改革已成为英国国民保健制度史上影响深远的一件大事。
  • The emperor's importance as a seminal figure of history won't be diminished.做为一个开创性历史人物的重要性是不会减弱的。
59 proximity 5RsxM     
n.接近,邻近
参考例句:
  • Marriages in proximity of blood are forbidden by the law.法律规定禁止近亲结婚。
  • Their house is in close proximity to ours.他们的房子很接近我们的。
60 mole 26Nzn     
n.胎块;痣;克分子
参考例句:
  • She had a tiny mole on her cheek.她的面颊上有一颗小黑痣。
  • The young girl felt very self- conscious about the large mole on her chin.那位年轻姑娘对自己下巴上的一颗大痣感到很不自在。
61 weird bghw8     
adj.古怪的,离奇的;怪诞的,神秘而可怕的
参考例句:
  • From his weird behaviour,he seems a bit of an oddity.从他不寻常的行为看来,他好像有点怪。
  • His weird clothes really gas me.他的怪衣裳简直笑死人。
62 dominion FmQy1     
n.统治,管辖,支配权;领土,版图
参考例句:
  • Alexander held dominion over a vast area.亚历山大曾统治过辽阔的地域。
  • In the affluent society,the authorities are hardly forced to justify their dominion.在富裕社会里,当局几乎无需证明其统治之合理。
63 subterranean ssWwo     
adj.地下的,地表下的
参考例句:
  • London has 9 miles of such subterranean passages.伦敦像这样的地下通道有9英里长。
  • We wandered through subterranean passages.我们漫游地下通道。
64 caverns bb7d69794ba96943881f7baad3003450     
大山洞,大洞穴( cavern的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Within were dark caverns; what was inside them, no one could see. 里面是一个黑洞,这里面有什么东西,谁也望不见。 来自汉英文学 - 家(1-26) - 家(1-26)
  • UNDERGROUND Under water grottos, caverns Filled with apes That eat figs. 在水帘洞里,挤满了猿争吃无花果。
65 hunched 532924f1646c4c5850b7c607069be416     
(常指因寒冷、生病或愁苦)耸肩弓身的,伏首前倾的
参考例句:
  • He sat with his shoulders hunched up. 他耸起双肩坐着。
  • Stephen hunched down to light a cigarette. 斯蒂芬弓着身子点燃一支烟。
66 adulthood vKsyr     
n.成年,成人期
参考例句:
  • Some infantile actions survive into adulthood.某些婴儿期的行为一直保持到成年期。
  • Few people nowadays are able to maintain friendships into adulthood.如今很少有人能将友谊维持到成年。
67 acting czRzoc     
n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的
参考例句:
  • Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她,她只是假装的。
  • During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代,她的表演生涯黯然失色。
68 bland dW1zi     
adj.淡而无味的,温和的,无刺激性的
参考例句:
  • He eats bland food because of his stomach trouble.他因胃病而吃清淡的食物。
  • This soup is too bland for me.这汤我喝起来偏淡。
69 metaphor o78zD     
n.隐喻,暗喻
参考例句:
  • Using metaphor,we say that computers have senses and a memory.打个比方,我们可以说计算机有感觉和记忆力。
  • In poetry the rose is often a metaphor for love.玫瑰在诗中通常作为爱的象征。
70 hacked FrgzgZ     
生气
参考例句:
  • I hacked the dead branches off. 我把枯树枝砍掉了。
  • I'm really hacked off. 我真是很恼火。
71 therapeutic sI8zL     
adj.治疗的,起治疗作用的;对身心健康有益的
参考例句:
  • Therapeutic measures were selected to fit the patient.选择治疗措施以适应病人的需要。
  • When I was sad,music had a therapeutic effect.我悲伤的时候,音乐有治疗效力。
72 cathartic sOmzt     
adj.宣泄情绪的;n.泻剂
参考例句:
  • His laughter was cathartic,an animal yelp that brought tears to his eyes.他哈哈大笑以宣泄情绪,声音如野兽般尖厉,眼泪都笑出来了。
  • The drug had a cathartic effect.这药有导泻的作用。
73 sags cc800c12ffa850d8aa0904183d70bd5c     
向下凹或中间下陷( sag的第三人称单数 ); 松弛或不整齐地悬着
参考例句:
  • The bed sags in the middle, and is uncomfortable. 床的中间往下塌,很不舒服。
  • He sags his pants; doo rags and a stockin cap. 他穿着松弛的裤子。抹布一样的帽子。
74 descend descend     
vt./vi.传下来,下来,下降
参考例句:
  • I hope the grace of God would descend on me.我期望上帝的恩惠。
  • We're not going to descend to such methods.我们不会沦落到使用这种手段。
75 dealing NvjzWP     
n.经商方法,待人态度
参考例句:
  • This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
  • His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。
76 gamut HzJyL     
n.全音阶,(一领域的)全部知识
参考例句:
  • The exhibition runs the whole gamut of artistic styles.这次展览包括了所有艺术风格的作品。
  • This poem runs the gamut of emotions from despair to joy.这首诗展现了从绝望到喜悦的感情历程。
77 oversight WvgyJ     
n.勘漏,失察,疏忽
参考例句:
  • I consider this a gross oversight on your part.我把这件事看作是你的一大疏忽。
  • Your essay was not marked through an oversight on my part.由于我的疏忽你的文章没有打分。
78 wariness Ce1zkJ     
n. 注意,小心
参考例句:
  • The British public's wariness of opera is an anomaly in Europe. 英国公众对歌剧不大轻易接受的态度在欧洲来说很反常。
  • There certainly is a history of wariness about using the R-word. 历史表明绝对应当谨慎使用“衰退”一词。
79 awareness 4yWzdW     
n.意识,觉悟,懂事,明智
参考例句:
  • There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
  • Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。
80 trump LU1zK     
n.王牌,法宝;v.打出王牌,吹喇叭
参考例句:
  • He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
  • The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手,作为他的王牌。
81 follower gjXxP     
n.跟随者;随员;门徒;信徒
参考例句:
  • He is a faithful follower of his home football team.他是他家乡足球队的忠实拥护者。
  • Alexander is a pious follower of the faith.亚历山大是个虔诚的信徒。
82 followers 5c342ee9ce1bf07932a1f66af2be7652     
追随者( follower的名词复数 ); 用户; 契据的附面; 从动件
参考例句:
  • the followers of Mahatma Gandhi 圣雄甘地的拥护者
  • The reformer soon gathered a band of followers round him. 改革者很快就获得一群追随者支持他。
83 ironic 1atzm     
adj.讽刺的,有讽刺意味的,出乎意料的
参考例句:
  • That is a summary and ironic end.那是一个具有概括性和讽刺意味的结局。
  • People used to call me Mr Popularity at high school,but they were being ironic.人们中学时常把我称作“万人迷先生”,但他们是在挖苦我。
84 physically iNix5     
adj.物质上,体格上,身体上,按自然规律
参考例句:
  • He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服,心绪也很乱。
  • Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。
85 berating 94ff882a26ffd28d2b9df489ac6db40e     
v.严厉责备,痛斥( berate的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • He deserved the berating that the coach gave him. 他活该受到教练的严厉训斥。 来自互联网
  • The boss is berating those who were late for work. 老板正在呵斥那些上班迟到的员工。 来自互联网
86 presidency J1HzD     
n.总统(校长,总经理)的职位(任期)
参考例句:
  • Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
  • Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。
87 possessed xuyyQ     
adj.疯狂的;拥有的,占有的
参考例句:
  • He flew out of the room like a man possessed.他像着了魔似地猛然冲出房门。
  • He behaved like someone possessed.他行为举止像是魔怔了。
88 lighter 5pPzPR     
n.打火机,点火器;驳船;v.用驳船运送;light的比较级
参考例句:
  • The portrait was touched up so as to make it lighter.这张画经过润色,色调明朗了一些。
  • The lighter works off the car battery.引燃器利用汽车蓄电池打火。
89 superstitious BHEzf     
adj.迷信的
参考例句:
  • They aim to deliver the people who are in bondage to superstitious belief.他们的目的在于解脱那些受迷信束缚的人。
  • These superstitious practices should be abolished as soon as possible.这些迷信做法应尽早取消。
90 intern 25BxJ     
v.拘禁,软禁;n.实习生
参考例句:
  • I worked as an intern in that firm last summer.去年夏天我在那家商行实习。
  • The intern bandaged the cut as the nurse looked on.这位实习生在护士的照看下给病人包扎伤口。
91 subscribe 6Hozu     
vi.(to)订阅,订购;同意;vt.捐助,赞助
参考例句:
  • I heartily subscribe to that sentiment.我十分赞同那个观点。
  • The magazine is trying to get more readers to subscribe.该杂志正大力发展新订户。
92 remiss 0VZx3     
adj.不小心的,马虎
参考例句:
  • It was remiss of him to forget her birthday.他竟忘了她的生日,实在是糊涂。
  • I would be remiss if I did not do something about it.如果我对此不做点儿什么就是不负责任。
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