PBS高端访谈:商铺在疫情下艰难前行

JUDY WOODRUFF: The U.S. death toll¹ from the COVID-19 pandemic has now topped 127,000 people. The epicenter has shifted to the West and South, where cases have ballooned to record highs. Amna Nawaz has our report.

AMNA NAWAZ: California's COVID response was once called a miracle, for quickly stemming virus spread. But the state today took steps to move back into lockdown after new cases spiked³ almost 80 percent in the last two weeks.

GOV. GAVIN NEWSOM (D-CA): The bottom line is, the spread of this virus continues at a rate that is particularly concerning. Fourth of July weekend has raised a lot of concern from our health officials. We want to again remind each and every one of you that, if we want to be independent from COVID-19, we have to be much more vigilant⁴.

AMNA NAWAZ: California is not alone. A majority of states in the country are now reporting surges in infections. Yesterday, the U.S. recorded more than 47,000 new cases, the nation's highest single-day spike² in the pandemic so far. To slow virus spread, at least 14 states are now moving to pause or reverse plans to reopen their economies. But the majority of states are still moving ahead on lifting restrictions⁵, despite the rise in infections. Currently, only 17 states and the District of Columbia have issued mask mandates⁶. And Texas is not one of them. In fact, Lieutenant⁷ Governor Dan Patrick said in a FOX News interview last night that he doesn't need any advice from Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nation's top infectious disease expert.

LT. GOV. DAN PATRICK (R-TX): Fauci said today that he's concerned about states like Texas that skipped over certain things. He doesn't know what he's talking about.

AMNA NAWAZ: Texas had one of the shortest stay-at-home orders in the nation and is now reversing reopening steps after a record number of new infections. Hospitals here, already stretched, are bracing⁹ for the weeks ahead.

DAVID PERSSE, City of Houston Public Health Authority: The hospitals right now are operating with nearly 100 percent of intensive care unit beds occupied at several hospitals. If the community doesn't start behaving differently, there's going to be a limit to what the hospitals will handle. It's not today. That's three weeks from now.

AMNA NAWAZ: In Phoenix¹⁰ today, Vice⁸ President Mike Pence met with Governor Doug Ducey, as Arizona struggles to contain its spike in cases and puts a pause on reopening.

MIKE PENCE, Vice President of the United States: I know we will get through this. I'm absolutely confident that, with your leadership, with the full support of the federal government behind you, the cooperation of the people of Arizona, that we will slow the spread and we will flatten¹¹ the curve.

AMNA NAWAZ: Meanwhile, in Washington, the Senate last night and the House today approved a five-week extension on the Paycheck Protection Program for small businesses struggling to stay open, with the stops and starts of state plans. Business owners like John Nguyen are left struggling to keep up with shifting plans, like Texas' recent reversal.

JOHN NGUYEN, Owner, Cajun Kitchen: That definitely added a lot of complexity¹² and stress to small business owners like me. We were hoping it would turn around by May. But now that everything is going in the wrong direction, it doesn't look like we're going to be over this any time soon.

AMNA NAWAZ: Plans on hold across the country, as states scramble¹³ to stifle¹⁴ another swell¹⁵ of COVID-19 infections. For the PBS NewsHour, I'm Amna Nawaz.

朱迪·伍德拉夫：美国死于COVID-19流感的人数现已超过12.7万人。中心已经转移到西部和南部，那里的病例已经膨胀到历史最高水平。请听阿姆纳·纳瓦兹的报道。

阿姆纳·纳瓦兹：加州的COVID反应一度被称为奇迹，因为它能迅速阻止病毒的传播。但在过去两周新增病例激增近80%后，该州今天采取措施重新进入封锁状态。

加文·纽索姆州长（华盛顿特区）：底线是，这种病毒的传播速度仍然特别令人担忧。美国独立纪念日周末引起了我们卫生官员的高度关注。我们想再次提醒你们每个人，如果我们想不受COVID-19影响，我们必须更加警惕。

阿姆·纳纳瓦兹：加州并不孤单。该国大多数州目前报告感染人数激增。昨天，美国报告了4.7万新病例，这是迄今为止美国流感大流行中单日最高值。为了减缓病毒的传播，目前至少有14个州正在暂停或撤销重开经济的计划。但是，尽管感染人数增加，大多数州仍在继续取消限制。目前，只有17个州和哥伦比亚特区发布了口罩授权。德克萨斯州不是其中之一。事实上，副州长丹·帕特里克昨晚在接受福克斯新闻采访时说他不需要美国资深传染病专家安东尼·福奇博士的任何建议。

得克萨斯州副州长丹·帕特里克：今天福奇说了德克萨斯州的某些事情。他不知道他在说什么。

阿姆纳·纳瓦兹：德克萨斯州是全美住院人数最少的州之一，在新发感染人数创下历史新高后，现在正在扭转重新开放的步伐。这里的医院已经捉襟见肘，正在为未来几周做好准备。

大卫·佩斯，休斯顿市公共卫生局：医院现在正在运作，有几家医院的重症监护病房床位几乎百分之百被占用。如果社区不开始采取不同的行为，那么医院可能会自顾不暇，不是今天。而是三个星期后。

阿姆纳·纳瓦兹：今天在凤凰城，副总统迈克·彭斯会见了道格·杜西州长，亚利桑那州正努力控制病例激增，并暂停重新开放。

美国副总统迈克·彭斯：我知道我们会渡过难关的。我完全相信，在你的领导下，在联邦政府的全力支持下，和亚利桑那州人民的合作，我们将减缓蔓延，我们将使曲线变平。

阿姆纳·纳瓦兹：与此同时，在华盛顿，参议院昨晚和众议院今天批准了延长五周的期限即对勉强维持营业的小企业提供工资保障计划，国家计划的开展也是遭遇挫折。像“John Nguyen”这样的企业主正努力跟上不断变化的计划，比如得克萨斯州最近的逆转。

“John Nguyen”的老板约翰：这无疑给像我这样的小企业主增加了很多复杂性和压力。我们希望它能在5月前好转。但现在一切都朝着错误的方向发展，看来我们不会很快结束这件事的。

阿姆纳·纳瓦兹：全国各地的计划都被搁置，因为各州都在争先恐后地遏制COVID-19感染的又一次激增。我是阿姆纳纳瓦兹，PBS新闻一小时节目。

1 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

2 spike   

n.长钉，钉鞋；v.以大钉钉牢，使...失效

参考例句：

• The spike pierced the receipts and held them in order.那个钉子穿过那些收据并使之按顺序排列。
• They'll do anything to spike the guns of the opposition.他们会使出各种手段来挫败对手。

3 spiked   

adj.有穗的；成锥形的；有尖顶的

参考例句：

• The editor spiked the story. 编辑删去了这篇报道。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• They wondered whether their drinks had been spiked. 他们有些疑惑自己的饮料里是否被偷偷搀了烈性酒。 来自辞典例句

4 vigilant   

adj.警觉的，警戒的，警惕的

参考例句：

• He has to learn how to remain vigilant through these long nights.他得学会如何在这漫长的黑夜里保持警觉。
• The dog kept a vigilant guard over the house.这只狗警醒地守护着这所房屋。

5 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

6 mandates   

托管（mandate的第三人称单数形式）

参考例句：

• Individual mandates would require all people to purchase health insurance. 个人托管要求所有人都要购买健康保险。
• While I agree with those benefits, I'm not a supporter of mandates. 我同意上述好处，我不是授权软件的支持者。

7 lieutenant   

n.陆军中尉，海军上尉；代理官员，副职官员

参考例句：

• He was promoted to be a lieutenant in the army.他被提升为陆军中尉。
• He prevailed on the lieutenant to send in a short note.他说动那个副官，递上了一张简短的便条进去。

8 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

9 bracing   

adj.令人振奋的

参考例句：

• The country is bracing itself for the threatened enemy invasion. 这个国家正准备奋起抵抗敌人的入侵威胁。
• The atmosphere in the new government was bracing. 新政府的气氛是令人振奋的。

10 phoenix   

n.凤凰，长生(不死)鸟；引申为重生

参考例句：

• The airline rose like a phoenix from the ashes.这家航空公司又起死回生了。
• The phoenix worship of China is fetish worship not totem adoration.中国凤崇拜是灵物崇拜而非图腾崇拜。

11 flatten   

v.把．．．弄平，使倒伏；使(漆等)失去光泽

参考例句：

• We can flatten out a piece of metal by hammering it.我们可以用锤子把一块金属敲平。
• The wrinkled silk will flatten out if you iron it.发皱的丝绸可以用熨斗烫平。

12 complexity   

n.复杂(性)，复杂的事物

参考例句：

• Only now did he understand the full complexity of the problem.直到现在他才明白这一问题的全部复杂性。
• The complexity of the road map puzzled me.错综复杂的公路图把我搞糊涂了。

13 scramble   

v.爬行，攀爬，杂乱蔓延，碎片，片段，废料

参考例句：

• He broke his leg in his scramble down the wall.他爬墙摔断了腿。
• It was a long scramble to the top of the hill.到山顶须要爬登一段长路。

14 stifle   

vt.使窒息；闷死；扼杀；抑止，阻止

参考例句：

• She tried hard to stifle her laughter.她强忍住笑。
• It was an uninteresting conversation and I had to stifle a yawn.那是一次枯燥无味的交谈，我不得不强忍住自己的呵欠。

15 swell   

vi.膨胀，肿胀；增长，增强

参考例句：

• The waves had taken on a deep swell.海浪汹涌。
• His injured wrist began to swell.他那受伤的手腕开始肿了。