PBS高端访谈:堕胎诊所缓冲区能否限制言论自由

 　　JUDY WOODRUFF:And today's arguments were, of course, closely watched by advocates on both sides of the abortion¹ debate.

　　And we turn to two of them now.

　　Ilyse Hogue is president of NARAL Pro-Choice America. And Steven Aden is vice² president of human life issues for the Alliance Defending Freedom, which funded this case on behalf of the abortion protester.

　　We thank you both for being here, too.

　　Ilyse Hogue, to you first. Why is this case important?

　　ILYSE HOGUE,NARAL Pro-Choice America:Well, it's incredibly important, because we have tracked a movement that actually relies on harassment³ and intimidation⁴ and even violence. Your footage showed the most extreme example of -- there was a doctor shot outside trying to enter his clinic in Florida in the 1990s.

　　And I think what is important is recognizing that we do balance free speech with public safety all the time. And, in fact, Mrs. McCullen, who seems to be perfectly⁵ lovely, made her own point.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF:The woman who is bringing the case.

　　ILYSE HOGUE:Yes, made her own point when she said the women do stop and talk with her. What she wants is more time.

　　And so there is nothing that prevents any woman who wants to spend more time with the protesters educating themselves from staying there. What there is, is a public safety need to enforce civil access to the reproductive health centers.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: Steve Aden, from your perspective, why does this case matter? What is important about it?

　　STEVEN ADEN, Alliance Defending Freedom:Well, I agree it is a very important case, Judy.

　　And the pro-life movement, of which I'm a part and my organization is a part, completely renounces⁶ that kind of violence, but that was a long time ago. What we have here is a grandmother who wants to gently and peaceably talk to women about their options, which they won't here in the Planned Parenthood clinic in Boston ordinarily.

　　But what the -- the Commonwealth⁷ of Massachusetts has done is drawn⁸ a literal line in the sidewalk, a line of exclusion⁹ around that speech, and said, this far and no further. The sidewalks, the public parks, from the beginning of this country, have been the place where there is the most protection for free speech.

　　And this law actually is the first law of its kind that the Supreme¹⁰ Court has encountered where all speech has been banned on a public sidewalk. And that's very dangerous. For a state to have the power to ban the kind of speech that it opposes just because it opposes it is very dangerous. It could do that to any speech.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF:Ilyse Hogue, it is the case that not every state -- in fact, there are many states that don't have this kind of barrier.

　　ILYSE HOGUE:Yes, it's only three that do have it, yes.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF:So, why isn't it -- why is this one so special?

　　ILYSE HOGUE:Well, I think we're debating this one because it is up in front of the Supreme Court.

　　Look, we have been hearing all week from women who have tried to access clinics, clinic staff, clinic escorts, who say they're not in protected zones. They get spit on. They get shoved off sidewalks. They get people touching¹¹ them, obstructing¹² them, saying horrible things in their face.

　　So it is a problem nationally. And theconcern is that if the court shows tolerance¹³ for this kind of harassment and intimidation, even though we have seen...

　　JUDY WOODRUFF:And shrinks the barrier.

　　ILYSE HOGUE:Or does away with it.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF:Right, right.

　　ILYSE HOGUE:And even though we have seen that people entering the clinic can hear the protesters, can stop and talk with them, can see them very clearly, that sends a very terrifying message.

　　There was a reason this buffer¹⁴ zone was put in place. It was because law enforcement was managing a lot of disruption.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: I know you said, Steve Aden, what happened, the violence that happened was a long time ago, but it did happen. And these -- the barrier was set up in response to that.

　　STEVEN ADEN:Well, let's be realistic.

　　A yellow line on a sidewalk is not going to stop a determined¹⁵ violent individual. That's absurd. What they're trying to stop is the speech of Eleanor McCullen, which they hate, because it cuts into Planned Parenthood's profits.

　　The things that she's describing go on more often from the other side of the fence. In fact, when the assistant attorney for Massachusetts and the U.S. solicitor¹⁶ -- the assistant solicitor for the United States were asked to cite examples of disruption in front of abortion clinics, the only disruption they talked about was disruption from pro-choice protesters who were doing those kinds of things. That's very telling.

　　ILYSE HOGUE:I have to -- I have to jump in. The violence is not in the past. There were four cases of clinics being burned in 2012.

　　While -- what we need to appreciate is that there is an intentional¹⁷ effort to make these grandmothers the face of a movement that has a deep history of harassment and intimidation of women who are also doing nothing but exercising our constitutional rights to safe health care.

　　STEVEN ADEN:Judy, let me explain very briefly¹⁸.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF:Go ahead, and then I want to go back -- come back to both of you. But go ahead.

　　STEVEN ADEN:Ilyse, NARAL and others often say that -- often accuse the pro-life movement of not caring about women.

　　Today, there are four times more caring pregnancy¹⁹ resource centers in America as there are abortion clinics. Based on that, you tell me, who cares more about women?

　　JUDY WOODRUFF:All right.

　　STEVEN ADEN:And that's where the movement is going.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF:I will let you respond to that, but then I do want to come back to the Supreme Court case.

　　STEVEN ADEN:That's where the...

　　ILYSE HOGUE:No, this is a concerted effort of the anti-choice movement to defund and do away with clinics, because their ultimate goal is to outlaw²⁰ abortion.

　　And the clinics, the centers that Steve is talking about actually has a documented record of lying to women and shaming them about their options.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF:Well, I don't think we're going to...

　　STEVEN ADEN: That's not so.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF:I know you're saying...

　　STEVEN ADEN:... all the options, unlike what they will hear at Planned Parenthood.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF:Steve Aden, let me come back to you on, is there any any -- any buffer at any distance, closer than this 35 feet, that would be acceptable to your organization?

　　STEVEN ADEN: Not on a public sidewalk, Judy.

　　It is completely unnecessary and it's absurd. In the case of this law, the lawyers for Massachusetts admitted in the court of appeals that it would stop somebody from wearing a Cleveland Indians baseball cap and walking through the speech exclusion zone. That would be a crime, because it would be -- quote, unquote -- "partisan²¹ activity" in a no-speech zone.

　　Who needs a law like that? That is ridiculous.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: Same question turned around to you, Ilyse Hogue.

　　Is it -- would it be acceptable to have a buffer that wasn't 35 feet, that was a different distance?

　　ILYSE HOGUE:The Colorado buffer is eight feet. But I think it's -- that's left to law enforcement to determine what they need to assure public safety. And that is what has been done in Massachusetts. That is what the First District Court upheld, and that is what we think is best.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF:Just finally, let me ask you both, if the court goes along with this case and rules to do away with the buffer, what does that mean for the cause of pro-choice?

　　ILYSE HOGUE:Well, I mean, I think that what we know is that women will make up their own minds and do everything they can to access the health care that they need.

　　But it will send a chilling signal of tolerance to the kind of harassment and intimidation that is really not acceptable for women in this country.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF:And, conversely, Steve Aden, if the court goes in the other direction and says the buffer stands, what does that mean for your -- for the anti-abortion movement?

　　STEVEN ADEN: Well, that would be very regrettable, because that would be a nail in the coffin²² of the First Amendment²³.

　　From time immemorial, the public streets, the sidewalks, the parks have been held open for what the Supreme Court has called open, robust²⁴ and uninhibited debate on important public issues like abortion. If now they -- the state can carveout a zone of exclusion for speech that it disfavors, it can do this not only to pro-lifers, but to any movement. It can do that not labor²⁵ movement, of which Ilyse is so fond.

　　It could do it to any -- the law that benefits Planned Parenthood in Boston could harm Planned Parenthood in Tennessee or any other red state, where they would -- and I don't know how comfortable you are with that, but that's...

　　ILYSE HOGUE:And we do, do that already all the time.

　　As Marcia mentioned, there's buffers²⁶ around military funerals, even at both Republican and Democratic National Convention, there were protests.

　　STEVEN ADEN: Very, very different circumstances.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF:And we're going to have to leave it there.

　　Steve Aden, Ilyse Hogue, we thank you both.

　　ILYSE HOGUE: Thank you.

　　STEVEN ADEN: A pleasure.

1 abortion   

n.流产，堕胎

参考例句：

• She had an abortion at the women's health clinic.她在妇女保健医院做了流产手术。
• A number of considerations have led her to have a wilful abortion.多种考虑使她执意堕胎。

2 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

3 harassment   

n.骚扰，扰乱，烦恼，烦乱

参考例句：

• She often got telephone harassment at night these days.这些天她经常在夜晚受到电话骚扰。
• The company prohibits any form of harassment.公司禁止任何形式的骚扰行为。

4 intimidation   

n.恐吓，威胁

参考例句：

• The Opposition alleged voter intimidation by the army.反对党声称投票者受到军方的恐吓。
• The gang silenced witnesses by intimidation.恶帮用恐吓的手段使得证人不敢说话。

5 perfectly   

adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said.证人们个个对自己所说的话十分肯定。
• Everything that we're doing is all perfectly above board.我们做的每件事情都是光明正大的。

6 renounces   

v.声明放弃( renounce的第三人称单数 )；宣布放弃；宣布与…决裂；宣布摒弃

参考例句：

• Japan renounces all right, title and claim to Formosa and the Pescadores. 日本放弃对福尔摩沙（台湾）及澎湖的一切权利，主张（名称）及所有权。 来自互联网
• He renounces Christianity, temporarily straining his relationship with his parents. 他放弃了基督教信仰，从而与父母的关系暂时变得紧张。 来自互联网

7 commonwealth   

n.共和国，联邦，共同体

参考例句：

• He is the chairman of the commonwealth of artists.他是艺术家协会的主席。
• Most of the members of the Commonwealth are nonwhite.英联邦的许多成员国不是白人国家。

8 drawn   

v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的

参考例句：

• All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
• Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。

9 exclusion   

n.拒绝，排除，排斥，远足，远途旅行

参考例句：

• Don't revise a few topics to the exclusion of all others.不要修改少数论题以致排除所有其他的。
• He plays golf to the exclusion of all other sports.他专打高尔夫球，其他运动一概不参加。

10 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

11 touching   

adj.动人的，使人感伤的

参考例句：

• It was a touching sight.这是一幅动人的景象。
• His letter was touching.他的信很感人。

12 obstructing   

阻塞( obstruct的现在分词 )； 堵塞； 阻碍； 阻止

参考例句：

• You can't park here, you're obstructing my driveway. 你不能在这里停车，你挡住了我家的车道。
• He was charged for obstructing the highway. 他因阻碍交通而受控告。

13 tolerance   

n.宽容；容忍，忍受；耐药力；公差

参考例句：

• Tolerance is one of his strengths.宽容是他的一个优点。
• Human beings have limited tolerance of noise.人类对噪音的忍耐力有限。

14 buffer   

n.起缓冲作用的人(或物)，缓冲器；vt.缓冲

参考例句：

• A little money can be a useful buffer in time of need.在急需时，很少一点钱就能解燃眉之急。
• Romantic love will buffer you against life's hardships.浪漫的爱会减轻生活的艰辛。

15 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

16 solicitor   

n.初级律师，事务律师

参考例句：

• The solicitor's advice gave me food for thought.律师的指点值得我深思。
• The solicitor moved for an adjournment of the case.律师请求将这个案件的诉讼延期。

17 intentional   

adj.故意的，有意（识）的

参考例句：

• Let me assure you that it was not intentional.我向你保证那不是故意的。
• His insult was intentional.他的侮辱是有意的。

18 briefly   

adv.简单地，简短地

参考例句：

• I want to touch briefly on another aspect of the problem.我想简单地谈一下这个问题的另一方面。
• He was kidnapped and briefly detained by a terrorist group.他被一个恐怖组织绑架并短暂拘禁。

19 pregnancy   

n.怀孕，怀孕期

参考例句：

• Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕早期常有恶心的现象。
• Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage.怀孕期吸烟会增加流产的危险。

20 outlaw   

n.歹徒，亡命之徒；vt.宣布…为不合法

参考例句：

• The outlaw hid out in the hills for several months.逃犯在山里隐藏了几个月。
• The outlaw has been caught.歹徒已被抓住了。

21 partisan   

adj.党派性的；游击队的；n.游击队员；党徒

参考例句：

• In their anger they forget all the partisan quarrels.愤怒之中，他们忘掉一切党派之争。
• The numerous newly created partisan detachments began working slowly towards that region.许多新建的游击队都开始慢慢地向那里移动。

22 coffin   

n.棺材，灵柩

参考例句：

• When one's coffin is covered,all discussion about him can be settled.盖棺论定。
• The coffin was placed in the grave.那口棺材已安放到坟墓里去了。

23 amendment   

n.改正，修正，改善，修正案

参考例句：

• The amendment was rejected by 207 voters to 143.这项修正案以207票对143票被否决。
• The Opposition has tabled an amendment to the bill.反对党已经就该议案提交了一项修正条款。

24 robust   

adj.强壮的，强健的，粗野的，需要体力的，浓的

参考例句：

• She is too tall and robust.她个子太高，身体太壮。
• China wants to keep growth robust to reduce poverty and avoid job losses,AP commented.美联社评论道，中国希望保持经济强势增长，以减少贫困和失业状况。

25 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

26 buffers   

起缓冲作用的人（或物）( buffer的名词复数 )； 缓冲器； 减震器； 愚蠢老头

参考例句：

• To allocate and schedule the use of buffers. 分配和计划缓冲器的使用。
• Number of times the stream has paused due to insufficient stream buffers. 由于流缓冲区不足导致流程暂停的次数。