PBS高端访谈:在五十年的敌对之后,美国和古巴接下来的关系会怎样?

 　　JUDY WOODRUFF: For more on the resumption of relations between the U.S. and Cuba, we turn to Maria de Los Angeles Torres. She's a Cuban-born American and a professor at the University of Illinois, Chicago, where she is also executive director of the school's program on Latino research.

　　Ms. Torres, thank you very much for joining us.

　　First of all, how would you describe this new relationship? How is it going to be different from diplomatic relations the U.S. has with other countries?

　　MARIA DE LOS ANGELES TORRES, University of Illinois at Chicago: Well, I think it's going to — first of all, there's 50 years of hostility¹, and I think that it's almost like the day after the storm.

　　Right now, we have to see how many trees have fallen down and what we're going to do with that. I think, also, because of the intimate relationship that the United States has had with Cuba, the fact that there are many Cubans living in the United States, the fact there are many other Cubans who would like to come to the United States, I think that there will be a unique set of challenges.

　　The regime has not changed. I don't think this policy is going to change the regime. It will, however, I think, help in what could be a peaceful transition.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: What sort of restrictions³ are still going to be there for Americans who want to travel to Cuba? Where do you see that headed?

　　MARIA DE LOS ANGELES TORRES: Well, part of this is codified⁴ in law through Congress. I do not see that Congress is willing at this moment or any time at least in the immediate⁵ future to change the policy of the embargo⁶.

　　However, I think that this is going to allow a more porous⁷, if you will, embargo. And we have already seen that happen. I think, in the last six months, we have seen there's been an uptick in travel to Cuba, that restrictions on how much money could be sent to relatives has actually been expanded, so there's more money going into Cuba.

　　A lot of the small businesses that we see are actually being fueled by family members here in the United States, and I think, that we will see increased in the next few months.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: So, you see commerce increasing between the two countries?

　　MARIA DE LOS ANGELES TORRES: Well, we already have.

　　Cuba — the United States is the largest importer of goods to Cuba today, their agriculture and their pharmaceutical⁸. This actually happened under the Bush administration. And as far as other kinds of activity, they are still going to be under the restriction² of the embargo, which is congressional, but there will be other kinds of, I think, smaller kinds of businesses that are being allowed under executive order and under the power of the president.

　　Most of these are coming from family members. That is why we are seeing all sorts of little businesses pop up and people supporting their family.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: What is going to happen to the homes, to the property left behind many years ago by Cuban Americans who fled that country, who came here, who have been living in the United States, but who left a lot behind there?

　　MARIA DE LOS ANGELES TORRES: Well, I think that all these issues are negotiable, right?

　　And what we have not had in the past is a means through which to negotiate. I think the reestablishment of diplomatic relations opens up those channels. Whether or not these are things that are going to be put on the table I think is a little too early to tell.

　　I would like to say I have been back to the home that I was raised in until 6 years of age, and the lady who's living in the home has tried to sell me that home several times over, actually, rather cheaply.

　　MARIA DE LOS ANGELES TORRES: I wouldn't want to buy that home.

　　So I think that there's — it's going to be interesting, but what we do have now is that channel through which we can put these issues on the table and negotiate them, and hopefully move forward in what we do with our enemies and our friends.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: Maria de Los Angeles Torres at the University of Illinois at Chicago, we thank you.

　　MARIA DE LOS ANGELES TORRES: Thank you, Judy.

1 hostility   

n.敌对，敌意；抵制［pl.］交战，战争

参考例句：

• There is open hostility between the two leaders.两位领导人表现出公开的敌意。
• His hostility to your plan is well known.他对你的计划所持的敌意是众所周知的。

2 restriction   

n.限制，约束

参考例句：

• The park is open to the public without restriction.这个公园对公众开放，没有任何限制。
• The 30 mph speed restriction applies in all built-up areas.每小时限速30英里适用于所有建筑物聚集区。

3 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

4 codified   

v.把（法律）编成法典( codify的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• In the meantime, however, Kennecott had been codified elsewhere in the Act. 然而，“肯尼考特”一案已被编人法案。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• Congress has since codified this holding. 从那时以来，国会编纂整理了最高法院的这一裁定。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法

5 immediate   

adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的

参考例句：

• His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
• We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。

6 embargo   

n.禁运（令）；vt.对...实行禁运，禁止（通商）

参考例句：

• This country put an oil embargo on an enemy country.该国对敌国实行石油禁运。
• During the war,they laid an embargo on commerce with enemy countries.在战争期间，他们禁止与敌国通商。

7 porous   

adj.可渗透的，多孔的

参考例句：

• He added sand to the soil to make it more porous.他往土里掺沙子以提高渗水性能。
• The shell has to be slightly porous to enable oxygen to pass in.外壳不得不有些细小的孔以便能使氧气通过。

8 pharmaceutical   

adj.药学的，药物的；药用的，药剂师的

参考例句：

• She has donated money to establish a pharmaceutical laboratory.她捐款成立了一个药剂实验室。
• We are engaged in a legal tussle with a large pharmaceutical company.我们正同一家大制药公司闹法律纠纷。