PBS高端访谈:为什么搞笑的囧司徒会有如此大的影响力

 　　GWEN IFILL: One last zinger, one last laugh, one last bow. Jon Stewart takes his leave of "The Daily Show" tonight.

　　Jeffrey Brown has our look.

　　JON STEWART, Host, The Daily Show With Jon Stewart: Whose team are we on in the Middle East?

　　JEFFREY BROWN: Jon Stewart has been called the nation's satirist¹ in chief, and recently he went at it, once again, with the commander in chief.

　　JON STEWART: We're fighting with Iraqis to defeat ISIS, along with Iran, but, in Yemen, we're fighting Iran with Iraqis and Saudis.

　　PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA: That's not quite right, but that's OK.

　　PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA: But, look…

　　JON STEWART: Whose team are…

　　PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA: Look, here's…

　　JON STEWART: Who are we bombing?

　　JEFFREY BROWN: It was President Obama's seventh appearance on Stewart's "Daily Show," and his last.

　　PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA: I'm issuing a new executive order that Jon Stewart cannot leave the show.

　　JEFFREY BROWN: But Stewart is leaving, after 16 years of a kind of faux newscast that took daily events and gave them a comedic, often pointed² twist.

　　JON STEWART: It's supposed to be fun.

　　JESSICA WILLIAMS: A water gun at a Texas pool party? Are you trying to get me killed?

　　Eric Deggans is TV critic for NPR.

　　ERIC DEGGANS, NPR: Jon Stewart's ultimate enemy is hypocrisy³ and phoniness.

　　JON STEWART: Reid, how did you not read this bill?

　　ERIC DEGGANS: Other late-night shows are focused on entertainment. "The Daily Show" has always been more about the news. It's been more about trying to take things that have always seemed so serious, while also making fun of them, exposing truths that are hard to get at any other way.

　　JEFFREY BROWN: In a conversation last year, as he released "Rosewater," his first feature film, Stewart told me how he sees his role.

　　JON STEWART: The conversation is about the space between the public face of our leaders vs. the private strategies that produce that face, the facade⁴ that's placed over it. The conversation is about corruption⁵, whether it comes to governance or whether it comes to media.

　　The satire⁶ comes from a place of urging. It comes from a place of an ideal. It's — the humor only works as a counterpoint to seeing something that you feel is not at the level where you know it could be, of opportunity squandered⁷.

　　JEFFREY BROWN: Stewart would hone that approach over the years, sometimes acting⁸ goofy

　　JON STEWART: Thank you for joining me in the library, Mr. Vice⁹ President.

　　JON STEWART: We invaded two countries.

　　JEFFREY BROWN: Sometimes angry.

　　JON STEWART: We have got to do whatever we can to keep Americans safe. Nine people shot in a church, what about that?

　　JEFFREY BROWN: One constant target, the media, particularly what he saw as the bloviating on cable news.

　　Stewart and his writers would find the moment, and roll the video.

　　WOMAN: This mantra of the unarmed black teenager shot by a white cop, you know, that description in and of itself actually colors the way in which we look at this story.

　　JON STEWART: Yes, describing the actual facts of the case.

　　JEFFREY BROWN: An early flash point came in 2004, when he lambasted CNN's "Crossfire¹⁰."

　　JON STEWART: You're doing theater, when you should be doing debate, which would be great.

　　JEFFREY BROWN: Another regular target, politicians, again, often captured in their own words.

　　HILLARY RODHAM CLINTON Democratic, Presidential Candidate: I have been coloring my hair for years.

　　JEFFREY BROWN: But politicians on both sides of the aisle¹¹ sought out "The Daily Show."

　　SEN. JOHN MCCAIN (R), Arizona: I'm sure you will be much more respectful.

　　JEFFREY BROWN: Conservatives might rail against what they saw as Stewart's liberal bent¹², but Republicans, including presidential candidate Mike Huckabee, were regulars.

　　JON STEWART: But you believe that the Bubbas are better than the Bubbles?

　　MIKE HUCKABEE Republican Presidential Candidate: No, different.

　　JON STEWART: No, better.

　　JEFFREY BROWN: He joined Stewart nine times.

　　New York Democratic Senator Kirsten Gillibrand, interviewed by Stewart on five occasions, told us how he influenced members of Congress and their staffs.

　　SEN. KIRSTEN GILLIBRAND (D), New York: He has a great episode on something that we have been working on, we are — we rush to watch it. That's what he certainly did with the 9/11 health bill. He took something that was really languishing¹³, languishing in the House for seven years without any movement. It had gone nowhere in the Senate.

　　He framed the issue so effectively that there wasn't a member of Congress who could stand up against him, particularly in the Senate. And when we passed that bill, it was unanimous. There's so few people you can say that about that can actually shift a national conversation.

　　MAN: I agree with you, Jon. We should be able to shoot people.

　　JON STEWART: No!

　　JEFFREY BROWN: Another area of influence: members of his comedic team, including Steve Carell, Stephen Colbert and John Oliver, who've gone on to make their own marks.

　　SAMANTHA BEE, The Daily Show: Ignore this.

　　JEFFREY BROWN: Samantha Bee served as "The Daily Show's" longest-serving regular correspondent before leaving earlier this year.

　　SAMANTHA BEE: Jon gave me the freedom to really explore areas of concern that I felt passionately¹⁵ about. And that was very invigorating.

　　Jon was our benevolent¹⁶ overlord. There's no question. But working on "The Daily Show" changed my life profoundly. Typically, if he was pushing us in a direction, he was pushing us in the direction of elevating the joke.

　　AL MADRIGAL¹⁷, The Daily Show: His success is due to the fact that he just worked his ass¹⁴ off and he really cares.

　　JEFFREY BROWN: Current "Daily Show" correspondent Al Madrigal shared this anecdote¹⁸ with us.

　　AL MADRIGAL: At one point, during a "Daily Show" field piece, I started spinning, like Wonder Woman almost, in between cities, and for no reason whatsoever¹⁹. And he — I remember him just laughing out loud in the screening, and going, that doesn't make any sense. I love it. Go for it.

　　JEFFREY BROWN: Not everything was rosy²⁰, it seems.

　　Former "Daily Show" correspondent Wyatt Cenac recently claimed that Stewart blew up at him for questioning the racial overtones of a skit²¹. Cenac was the only black writer on the program at the time.

　　Another recent report, by Politico, that Stewart met with the president twice at the White House, shows the stature²² he attained²³ beyond the television screen. And years into the faux news era, there's also a question for the media industry about young people who came to rely on "The Daily Show" for their news.

　　ERIC DEGGANS: We are training nation of information consumers to expect that really affecting reporting also has to be really entertaining and fun to consume. As cool as it is to see what Jon Stewart has put together, some news stories are not entertaining, but people still need to know the information and they still need to access it to be better citizens.

　　JON STEWART: I smell a new Pixar movie.

　　JEFFREY BROWN: In the meantime, some things don't change. As he departs, Jon Stewart is having great fun with the 2016 presidential race, just as he did when he spoke²⁴ to us at the 2000 Democratic National Convention.

　　JON STEWART: I think there is always comic fodder²⁵ in bad theater, and especially bad theater that has the mandate²⁶ to matter, and not be superficial. So, I think that's probably good fodder. But individuals are not — I don't think we're necessarily making fun of individuals. We're making fun of more of a process than anything else.

　　JEFFREY BROWN: Jon Stewart hasn't said what's next for him. Perhaps, picking up on one of "The "Daily Show's" signature pieces, his own personal moment of Zen.

　　LARRY WILMORE, Host, The Nightly Show With Larry Wilmore: It's like you won't really be gone.

　　JON STEWART: I'm not dying!

　　JON STEWART: I'm just leaving the show.

　　LARRY WILMORE: Whatever you have to tell yourself, man.

　　JEFFREY BROWN: For the PBS NewsHour, I'm Jeffrey Brown.

　　GWEN IFILL: Check online for a list of the times Jon Stewart or his colleagues have actually influenced policy in Washington.

1 satirist   

n.讽刺诗作者，讽刺家，爱挖苦别人的人

参考例句：

• Voltaire was a famous French satirist.伏尔泰是法国一位著名的讽刺作家。
• Perhaps the first to chronicle this dream was the Greek satirist Lucian.也许第一个记述这一梦想的要算是希腊的讽刺作家露西安了。

2 pointed   

adj.尖的，直截了当的

参考例句：

• He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
• She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。

3 hypocrisy   

n.伪善，虚伪

参考例句：

• He railed against hypocrisy and greed.他痛斥伪善和贪婪的行为。
• He accused newspapers of hypocrisy in their treatment of the story.他指责了报纸在报道该新闻时的虚伪。

4 facade   

n.(建筑物的)正面，临街正面；外表

参考例句：

• The entrance facade consists of a large full height glass door.入口正面有一大型全高度玻璃门。
• If you look carefully,you can see through Bob's facade.如果你仔细观察，你就能看穿鲍勃的外表。

5 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

6 satire   

n.讽刺，讽刺文学，讽刺作品

参考例句：

• The movie is a clever satire on the advertising industry.那部影片是关于广告业的一部巧妙的讽刺作品。
• Satire is often a form of protest against injustice.讽刺往往是一种对不公正的抗议形式。

7 squandered   

v.（指钱，财产等）浪费，乱花( squander的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He squandered all his money on gambling. 他把自己所有的钱都糟蹋在赌博上了。
• She felt as indignant as if her own money had been squandered. 她心里十分生气，好像是她自己的钱给浪费掉了似的。 来自飘（部分）

8 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

9 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

10 crossfire   

n.被卷进争端

参考例句：

• They say they are caught in the crossfire between the education establishment and the government.他们称自己被卷进了教育机构与政府之间的争端。
• When two industrial giants clash,small companies can get caught in the crossfire.两大工业企业争斗之下，小公司遭受池鱼之殃。

11 aisle   

n.（教堂、教室、戏院等里的）过道，通道

参考例句：

• The aisle was crammed with people.过道上挤满了人。
• The girl ushered me along the aisle to my seat.引座小姐带领我沿着通道到我的座位上去。

12 bent   

n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的

参考例句：

• He was fully bent upon the project.他一心扑在这项计划上。
• We bent over backward to help them.我们尽了最大努力帮助他们。

13 languishing   

a. 衰弱下去的

参考例句：

• He is languishing for home. 他苦思家乡。
• How long will she go on languishing for her red-haired boy? 为想见到她的红头发的儿子，她还将为此烦恼多久呢？

14 ass   

n.驴；傻瓜，蠢笨的人

参考例句：

• He is not an ass as they make him.他不象大家猜想的那样笨。
• An ass endures his burden but not more than his burden.驴能负重但不能超过它能力所负担的。

15 passionately   

ad.热烈地，激烈地

参考例句：

• She could hate as passionately as she could love. 她能恨得咬牙切齿，也能爱得一往情深。
• He was passionately addicted to pop music. 他酷爱流行音乐。

16 benevolent   

adj.仁慈的，乐善好施的

参考例句：

• His benevolent nature prevented him from refusing any beggar who accosted him.他乐善好施的本性使他不会拒绝走上前向他行乞的任何一个乞丐。
• He was a benevolent old man and he wouldn't hurt a fly.他是一个仁慈的老人，连只苍蝇都不愿伤害。

17 madrigal   

n.牧歌；（流行于16和17世纪无乐器伴奏的）合唱歌曲

参考例句：

• You look like a melodious madrigal,beautiful snowy mountain,beautiful prairie.你象一只悠扬的牧歌，美了雪山，美了草原。
• The madrigal that writes to you still sings.写给你的情歌还在唱。

18 anecdote   

n.轶事，趣闻，短故事

参考例句：

• He departed from the text to tell an anecdote.他偏离课文讲起了一则轶事。
• It had never been more than a family anecdote.那不过是个家庭趣谈罢了。

19 whatsoever   

adv.（用于否定句中以加强语气）任何；pron.无论什么

参考例句：

• There's no reason whatsoever to turn down this suggestion.没有任何理由拒绝这个建议。
• All things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you,do ye even so to them.你想别人对你怎样，你就怎样对人。

20 rosy   

adj.美好的，乐观的，玫瑰色的

参考例句：

• She got a new job and her life looks rosy.她找到一份新工作，生活看上去很美好。
• She always takes a rosy view of life.她总是对生活持乐观态度。

21 skit   

n.滑稽短剧；一群

参考例句：

• The comic skIt sent up the foolishness of young men in love.那幅画把沉溺于热恋中的青年男子的痴态勾勒得滑稽可笑。
• They performed a skit to amuse the crowd.他们表演了一个幽默小品来娱乐观众。

22 stature   

n.（高度）水平，（高度）境界，身高，身材

参考例句：

• He is five feet five inches in stature.他身高5英尺5英寸。
• The dress models are tall of stature.时装模特儿的身材都较高。

23 attained   

（通常经过努力）实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 )； 达到； 获得； 达到（某年龄、水平、状况）

参考例句：

• She has attained the degree of Master of Arts. 她已获得文学硕士学位。
• Lu Hsun attained a high position in the republic of letters. 鲁迅在文坛上获得崇高的地位。

24 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

25 fodder   

n.草料；炮灰

参考例句：

• Grass mowed and cured for use as fodder.割下来晒干用作饲料的草。
• Guaranteed salt intake, no matter which normal fodder.不管是那一种正常的草料，保证盐的摄取。

26 mandate   

n.托管地；命令，指示

参考例句：

• The President had a clear mandate to end the war.总统得到明确的授权结束那场战争。
• The General Election gave him no such mandate.大选并未授予他这种权力。