PBS高端访谈:机场爆炸案之后, 土耳其人变得非常脆弱

 　　JUDY WOODRUFF: We return now to the terror attacks in Turkey with "NewsHour" special correspondent Jane Ferguson, who is in Istanbul, and Amberin Zaman. She's a journalist and a public policy scholar at the Wilson Center here in Washington.

　　And we welcome both of you to the program.

　　Jane, to you first. I know you have been reporting on this all day. What have you learned about where exactly these attacks at the airport took place?

　　JANE FERGUSON, Special Correspondent: Well, Judy, those blasts took place at the very entrance of the airport, basically at the door where you would have had people gathering¹ in the street, getting out of taxies and trying to enter into the building.

　　Ironically, that's actually where the security screening is in Istanbul Airport at Ataturk here behind me. They always screen bags of everybody who is coming into the airport. As soon as you get in through glass doors, there is a screening area and the bags have to go through the machine to be checked.

　　And that's been in place for some time now. However, that also leads up to a buildup of people, and people will be there queuing to get in, so, of course, that makes it very vulnerable to such an attack right at the entrance there.

　　机场爆炸案之后, 土耳其人变得非常脆弱

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: Jane, you have also been out and around the city of Istanbul today. What are people saying? We know there have been a string of attacks in Turkey. Do they view this as just one more in what's been going on?

　　JANE FERGUSON: Speaking at a people in a hospital today in the city where people are waiting anxiously to hear about their loved ones and their friends, people were saying that this attack seems to hit home even harder for them, partly because it was at an airport.

　　One person said to me today that the airport should be the most secure area in the country, that those are places that are typically secure, places where typically there is a lot of police and there is a lot of checks. So people feel extremely vulnerable, and they're also pointing out this attack was extremely brazenly² against civilians³. That's something that's not lost on people here. Of course, many Turks killed as well, as civilians in this attack, and so people are increasingly feeling very vulnerable.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: Amberin Zaman, you know Turkey well. Officials say this has the earmarks of ISIS, but they don't know for sure. Why would ISIS want to make this kind of an attack?

　　AMBERIN ZAMAN, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars: Well, this isn't the first time that ISIS has attacked inside Turkey.

　　This would be the seventh attack so far, but it's drawn⁴ a lot more attention, precisely⁵ as your correspondent was saying, because it's such a high-value target, it's an international airport. Last year, you had around 40 million people transit⁶ through Istanbul Airport. Let's not forget it's the holy month of Ramadan and that Turkey is a predominantly Muslim country, so, of course, that sort of has a multiplier effect in terms of the horror and indecency of it all.

　　But Turkey, you know, is an active member of the anti-ISIS coalition⁷, and since June 2015, it's allowed the anti-ISIS coalition led by the United States to fly missions, combat missions out of the Incirlik Air Base in Southern Turkey. Turkey itself has stepped up artillery⁸ attacks against ISIS.

　　And since May, we think around 800 ISIS militants⁹ may have been killed in those attacks and a lot of pressure inside Turkey also against ISIS, where, sadly, ISIS is very well-organized.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: Well, tell us about that. I mean, how much of a presence does ISIS have inside Turkey?

　　AMBERIN ZAMAN: Well, the trajectory¹⁰ has been quite sort of sinuous¹¹.

　　Initially¹², Turkey was not that concerned, or it certainly didn't seem to be that concerned by the ISIS threat. And, as you know, this term the jihadi highway was being applied¹³ to Turkey because they were so lax about the fighters that were going in and out of Turkey. And why? Because Turkey's stated policy in Syria is to overthrow¹⁴ the regime of Bashar Assad on the one hand and also to combat Kurdish separatists inside Northern Syria.

　　And, of course, the conundrum¹⁵ is that those very same Kurdish separatists are the United States' top allies in the fight against ISIS, so it's a very complicated sort of architecture that we have there, but Turkey has not only used these rebel also against Assad, but also against the Kurds inside Northern Syria, because they regard them as a security threat.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: Back to you, Jane, there at the airport. Are you already seeing security stepped up? What are you seeing there?

　　JANE FERGUSON: Well, it's interesting, Judy.

　　Being at the airport earlier on today, things were getting back to normal at a remarkable¹⁶ pace. Huge amounts of travelers arriving and leaving. Of course, the area that had been bombed has been cordoned¹⁷ off now, and that will need to face a very large cleanup operation.

　　But now what we're seeing is a little bit of extra security. We're seeing some extra police, police who are heavily armed. We're seeing cars that aren't allowed to stop in front of the building for a long period of time and they just need to drop off people and move on quickly.

　　But we're not seeing anything significantly different, the usual security measures that I discussed earlier, where you enter through the glass doors and then you have to have your baggage checked. Those are still going on. That still seems to be the security protocol¹⁸ here.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: It is complicated.

　　Amberin Zaman, thank you very much. And Jane Ferguson in Istanbul, thank you.

1 gathering   

n.集会，聚会，聚集

参考例句：

• He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
• He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。

2 brazenly   

adv.厚颜无耻地；厚脸皮地肆无忌惮地

参考例句：

• How dare he distort the facts so brazenly! 他怎么敢如此肆无忌惮地歪曲事实！ 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• "I don't know," he answered, looking her brazenly over. “我也不知道，"他厚颜无耻地打量着她。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹

3 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

4 drawn   

v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的

参考例句：

• All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
• Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。

5 precisely   

adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地

参考例句：

• It's precisely that sort of slick sales-talk that I mistrust.我不相信的正是那种油腔滑调的推销宣传。
• The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。

6 transit   

n.经过，运输；vt.穿越，旋转；vi.越过

参考例句：

• His luggage was lost in transit.他的行李在运送中丢失。
• The canal can transit a total of 50 ships daily.这条运河每天能通过50条船。

7 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

8 artillery   

n.(军)火炮，大炮；炮兵(部队)

参考例句：

• This is a heavy artillery piece.这是一门重炮。
• The artillery has more firepower than the infantry.炮兵火力比步兵大。

9 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

10 trajectory   

n.弹道，轨道

参考例句：

• It is not difficult to sketch the subsequent trajectory.很容易描绘出它们最终的轨迹。
• The path followed by a projectile is called its trajectory.抛物体所循的路径称为它的轨道。

11 sinuous   

adj.蜿蜒的，迂回的

参考例句：

• The river wound its sinuous way across the plain.这条河蜿蜒曲折地流过平原。
• We moved along the sinuous gravel walks,with the great concourse of girls and boys.我们沿着曲折的石径,随着男孩女孩汇成的巨流一路走去。

12 initially   

adv.最初，开始

参考例句：

• The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
• Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。

13 applied   

adj.应用的；v.应用，适用

参考例句：

• She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
• This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。

14 overthrow   

v.推翻，打倒，颠覆；n.推翻，瓦解，颠覆

参考例句：

• After the overthrow of the government,the country was in chaos.政府被推翻后，这个国家处于混乱中。
• The overthrow of his plans left him much discouraged.他的计划的失败使得他很气馁。

15 conundrum   

n.谜语；难题

参考例句：

• Let me give you some history about a conundrum.让我给你们一些关于谜题的历史。
• Scientists had focused on two explanations to solve this conundrum.科学家已锁定两种解释来解开这个难题。

16 remarkable   

adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的

参考例句：

• She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills.她在写作技巧方面有了长足进步。
• These cars are remarkable for the quietness of their engines.这些汽车因发动机没有噪音而不同凡响。

17 cordoned   

v.封锁，用警戒线围住( cordon的过去式 )

参考例句：

• Police cordoned off the area until the bomb was defused. 警方封锁了这个地区直到炸弹被拆除为止。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Police cordoned off the road and diverted commuter traffic. 警察封锁了道路并分流交通。 来自《简明英汉词典》

18 protocol   

n.议定书，草约，会谈记录，外交礼节

参考例句：

• We must observe the correct protocol.我们必须遵守应有的礼仪。
• The statesmen signed a protocol.那些政治家签了议定书。