PBS高端访谈:肯尼亚大选中 有人担心之前的暴力选举会重演

 　　A record number of Kenyans voted in their country's general elections today.

　　Battling it out for the presidency¹, the incumbent², Uhuru Kenyatta, and the veteran opposition³ leader, Raila Odinga.

　　Both men are the sons of the country's first president and first vice⁴ president, respectively.

　　And both men were leaders when post-election violence rocked the East African nation a decade ago,

　　raising fears today that the country could see a return to fighting.

　　From Nairobi, special correspondent Colin Cosier⁵ reports.

　　At Machakos bus station in Nairobi, people are leaving town.

　　We are afraid of electoral violence. The outcome of the elections are known. So us guys are just playing it safe. We don't want to risk our lives.

　　They're heading back to tribal⁶ homelands. And it seems a good number of those leaving are opposition voters.

　　We want change. Surely, we want change. We want our country to be -- to remove impunity⁷, you see?

　　This is a problem for the opposition, who fear supporters are moving away from where they're registered to vote.

　　Even if we stop them, they will go and book another bus.

　　But not everyone is leaving. Just across town, the opposition was out in force for its last big rally on Saturday.

　　Kenya's election has become a surprisingly close race. The opposition believes it's the strongest it's been in years.

　　And you really get the sense here that they think there is a chance.

　　The man inspiring that hope is Raila Odinga, the veteran opposition leader who's competing in his fourth, and perhaps last, presidential election.

　　This is a revolution for change in our country. And the change will come on the 8th Tuesday election.

　　He faces tough competition from President Uhuru Kenyatta, leader of the ruling Jubilee⁸ Party.

　　Let's compete on policy grounds and not hate-mongering of our people against each other.

　　Kenyan politics tends to align⁹ along tribal lines. After allegations of rampant¹⁰ fraud, the 2007 elections erupted into widespread ethnic¹¹ violence.

　　Over 1,000 people died, and hundreds of thousands were displaced. Raila ran for president that year, and Uhuru, a young leader, backed the then-incumbent.

　　In the heart of Nairobi lies Kibera, one of the largest slums in Africa.

　　The violence that tore through here 10 years ago is fresh in the minds of some residents.

　　When the fighting broke out, I had a young child called Obama.

　　The main problem I experienced was that my child ate more tear gas than food because we couldn't get food. Life was hard.

　　This election, she's worried again.

　　The way I see it now, if things change and Raila becomes president, I don't foresee people fighting.

　　But I see that, if they announce Uhuru, I see war.

　　But not everyone fears history repeating itself.

　　Murithi Mutiga is a senior analyst¹² with the International Crisis Group.

　　What are the chances of seeing a repeat of violence this election?

　　It's understandable why so many are concerned, but it's also worth pointing out a lot has changed since the last outbreak of violence in 2007.

　　The new constitution that came into place spreads power and resources much more evenly.

　　In 2013, Uhuru was facing charges in the International Criminal Court over the 2007 violence.

　　He won that election against Raila, and the charges were later dropped.

　　This year, Uhuru is campaigning as the development candidate, while Raila promises to reduce the cost of living.

　　In the park outside of the opposition rally, two young men from Uhuru's Kikuyu tribe peacefully show differing loyalties¹³.

　　Twenty-year-old John Mugo is voting for Uhuru.

　　My tribe doesn't impact on what I do, on what I vote. I'm a Kikuyu, but I don't vote for a tribe.

　　While 25-year-old Vincent Kimani is backing Raila.

　　My vote, it's not about tribe. It's about a better nation, because I believe, when you work together, good things can happen.

　　A record number of Kenyans registered to vote in this election.

　　And with the opposition warning of vote-rigging, the question is, will either candidate be willing to concede defeat?

　　Long lines and a cold drizzly¹⁴ morning didn't stop Nairobi's voters from turning out early and in large numbers.

　　It was good. Yes, everything was good.

　　It is disappointing, because we came here very early in the morning, the wee hours in the morning, and almost like five hours in the line.

　　I'm glad I voted, and I hope we're going to have a peaceful election.

　　Kenya's history of alleged¹⁵ electoral fraud means all eyes are now on the voting system.

　　The integrity of that system took a blow last week when a top electoral official was mysteriously murdered, allegedly tortured.

　　International observers are watching closely. Former Secretary of State John Kerry led one such monitoring group.

　　Given what's happened in the past and given the stakes for the future,

　　it's a very, very important election, and clearly the citizens of Kenya are taking it very, very seriously.

　　Kerry's former boss President Obama, whose father was Kenyan,

　　released a statement calling for a peaceful and credible¹⁶ election, and to reject violence and incitement¹⁷.

　　Opinion polls have the candidates in a very tight race, but the only poll that counts is this one, the vote.

　　The challenge for Kenya now is to prove that the elections are free and fair.

　　For the PBS NewsHour, I'm Colin Cosier in Nairobi, Kenya. undefined

1 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

2 incumbent   

adj.成为责任的，有义务的；现任的，在职的

参考例句：

• He defeated the incumbent governor by a large plurality.他以压倒多数票击败了现任州长。
• It is incumbent upon you to warn them.你有责任警告他们。

3 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

4 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

5 cosier   

adj.温暖舒适的( cosy的比较级 )；亲切友好的

参考例句：

6 tribal   

adj.部族的，种族的

参考例句：

• He became skilled in several tribal lingoes.他精通几种部族的语言。
• The country was torn apart by fierce tribal hostilities.那个国家被部落间的激烈冲突弄得四分五裂。

7 impunity   

n.(惩罚、损失、伤害等的)免除

参考例句：

• You will not escape with impunity.你不可能逃脱惩罚。
• The impunity what compulsory insurance sets does not include escapement.交强险规定的免责范围不包括逃逸。

8 jubilee   

n.周年纪念；欢乐

参考例句：

• They had a big jubilee to celebrate the victory.他们举行盛大的周年纪念活动以祝贺胜利。
• Every Jubilee,to take the opposite case,has served a function.反过来说，历次君主巡幸，都曾起到某种作用。

9 align   

vt.使成一线，结盟，调节；vi.成一线，结盟

参考例句：

• Align the ruler and the middle of the paper.使尺子与纸张的中部成一条直线。
• There are signs that the prime minister is aligning himself with the liberals.有迹象表明首相正在与自由党人结盟。

10 rampant   

adj.(植物)蔓生的；狂暴的，无约束的

参考例句：

• Sickness was rampant in the area.该地区疾病蔓延。
• You cannot allow children to rampant through the museum.你不能任由小孩子在博物馆里乱跑。

11 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

12 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

13 loyalties   

n.忠诚( loyalty的名词复数 )；忠心；忠于…感情；要忠于…的强烈感情

参考例句：

• an intricate network of loyalties and relationships 忠诚与义气构成的盘根错节的网络
• Rows with one's in-laws often create divided loyalties. 与姻亲之间的矛盾常常让人两面为难。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 drizzly   

a.毛毛雨的(a drizzly day)

参考例句：

• This section of the country is drizzly in the winter. 该国的这一地区在冬天经常细雨蒙蒙。
• That region is drizzly in winter. 那个地区冬天常下小雨。

15 alleged   

a.被指控的，嫌疑的

参考例句：

• It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office. 他被指称在任时收受贿赂。
• alleged irregularities in the election campaign 被指称竞选运动中的不正当行为

16 credible   

adj.可信任的，可靠的

参考例句：

• The news report is hardly credible.这则新闻报道令人难以置信。
• Is there a credible alternative to the nuclear deterrent?是否有可以取代核威慑力量的可靠办法？

17 incitement   

激励； 刺激； 煽动； 激励物

参考例句：

• incitement to racial hatred 种族仇恨的挑起
• Interest is an incitement to study. 兴趣刺激学习。