PBS高端访谈:共和党公布大规模税改议案

 　　Republicans in the House of Representatives released their plan for overhauling¹ the U.S. tax code today, the most sweeping² proposal of its kind in more than three decades.

　　It was embraced quickly by President Trump³ and lawmakers say they aim to pass it before the end of the year.

　　But the bill would bring about big changes, many of which will be the subject of big political fights. Lisa Desjardins reports from Capitol Hill.

　　Good morning! The speaker of the House...Good morning!

　　Serving as cheerleader in chief. Paul Ryan and House Republicans unveiled a sweeping plan to affect nearly every American's taxes and simplify them, they say, down to a postcard-sized form.

　　With this plan we are making pro-growth reforms so that yes, America can compete with the rest of the world.

　　But we are also making it so that families like these that are here can have more take home pay.

　　The 400-page bill is dense⁴. It would reduce most individual income tax rates, and permanently⁵ cut the corporate⁶ tax rate from 35 percent to 20 percent.

　　The alternative minimum tax for wealthier Americans would end, but so would a slew⁷ of tax breaks, including a deduction⁸ for most state and local taxes.

　　That could hit the wallets of high-tax states and cities, like New York and New Jersey⁹.

　　To help offset¹⁰ that blow, the GOP bill would still allow deduction of property taxes.

　　Democrat¹¹ and House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi slammed the proposal.

　　Republicans have unveiled a bill that raises taxes on millions of middle class families

　　and borrows trillions from the future just to give massive new tax breaks to the wealthy and especially to their friends, corporate America.

　　So, what does the bill mean for individuals? Republicans would double the standard deduction for each taxpayer¹² to $12,000.

　　Next, the House GOP would collapse¹³ the seven current tax rates to just four tax rates from 12 percent to nearly 40 percent.

　　So, who would pay what? Looking at married couples, filing jointly¹⁴.

　　Those earning under $24,000 would pay no taxes due to the new standard deduction.

　　The largest two groups would be couples making up to $90,000, who would face a 12 percent rate,

　　and those making between $90,000 and $260,000, they would be taxed at 25 percent.

　　The GOP plan would keep the highest rate in the tax code, 39.6 percent, but apply that to fewer people.

　　So, what's this mean? It would be a rate decrease for everyone earning up to a million dollars.

　　And for millionaires, no change. President Trump, meeting with Republicans after lunch, was enthusiastic, saying the bill could get to him by Christmas.

　　We have a great team and it's a team that loves what they are doing, they love the American people, they love this country and they are going to get it done.

　　But some other Republicans, like Arizona Senator Jeff Flake¹⁵, were uncomfortable, especially with how the tax cuts would add to the deficit¹⁶.

　　Rate reductions have to be accompanied by real reform.

　　We cannot simply rely on rosy¹⁷ economic assumptions, rosy growth rates to fill in the gap. We've got to make tough decisions.

　　Other highly debated features? The plan would phase out the estate tax on large-scale, inherited wealth

　　Republicans say that tax hits family farms. Others say ending it is a giveaway to the rich.

　　And there is also a change to one of the biggest deductions¹⁸ of them all -- the home mortgage deduction.

　　That would stay for current homeowners, but for anyone buying a new home, there would be a $500,000 limit.

　　And there are dozens of smaller pieces, including like a the concerns of from some small businesses,

　　that mean however much Republicans want tax cuts. Passage is not yet certain.

　　For every member, this could really become the most significant bill they ever make a decision in their term in Congress.

　　Significant and soon. A full House vote is expected in the next two weeks. At the U.S. Capitol, I'm Lisa Desjardins for the PBS NewsHour. undefined

1 overhauling   

n.大修；拆修；卸修；翻修v.彻底检查( overhaul的现在分词 )；大修；赶上；超越

参考例句：

• I had no chance of overhauling him. 我没有赶上他的可能。 来自辞典例句
• Some sites need little alterations but some need total overhauling. 有些网站需要做出细微修改，而有些网站就需要整体改版。 来自互联网

2 sweeping   

adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的

参考例句：

• The citizens voted for sweeping reforms.公民投票支持全面的改革。
• Can you hear the wind sweeping through the branches?你能听到风掠过树枝的声音吗？

3 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

4 dense   

a.密集的，稠密的，浓密的；密度大的

参考例句：

• The general ambushed his troops in the dense woods. 将军把部队埋伏在浓密的树林里。
• The path was completely covered by the dense foliage. 小路被树叶厚厚地盖了一层。

5 permanently   

adv.永恒地，永久地，固定不变地

参考例句：

• The accident left him permanently scarred.那次事故给他留下了永久的伤疤。
• The ship is now permanently moored on the Thames in London.该船现在永久地停泊在伦敦泰晤士河边。

6 corporate   

adj.共同的，全体的；公司的，企业的

参考例句：

• This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
• His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。

7 slew   

v.（使）旋转；n.大量，许多

参考例句：

• He slewed the car against the side of the building.他的车滑到了大楼的一侧，抵住了。
• They dealt with a slew of other issues.他们处理了大量的其他问题。

8 deduction   

n.减除，扣除，减除额；推论，推理，演绎

参考例句：

• No deduction in pay is made for absence due to illness.因病请假不扣工资。
• His deduction led him to the correct conclusion.他的推断使他得出正确的结论。

9 jersey   

n.运动衫

参考例句：

• He wears a cotton jersey when he plays football.他穿运动衫踢足球。
• They were dressed alike in blue jersey and knickers.他们穿着一致，都是蓝色的运动衫和灯笼短裤。

10 offset   

n.分支，补偿；v.抵消，补偿

参考例句：

• Their wage increases would be offset by higher prices.他们增加的工资会被物价上涨所抵消。
• He put up his prices to offset the increased cost of materials.他提高了售价以补偿材料成本的增加。

11 democrat   

n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员

参考例句：

• The Democrat and the Public criticized each other.民主党人和共和党人互相攻击。
• About two years later,he was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter.大约两年后，他被民主党人杰米卡特击败。

12 taxpayer   

n.纳税人

参考例句：

• The new scheme will run off with a lot of the taxpayer's money.这项新计划将用去纳税人许多钱。
• The taxpayer are unfavourably disposed towards the recent tax increase.纳税者对最近的增加税收十分反感。

13 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

14 jointly   

ad.联合地，共同地

参考例句：

• Tenants are jointly and severally liable for payment of the rent. 租金由承租人共同且分别承担。
• She owns the house jointly with her husband. 她和丈夫共同拥有这所房子。

15 flake   

v.使成薄片；雪片般落下；n.薄片

参考例句：

• Drain the salmon,discard the skin,crush the bones and flake the salmon with a fork.将鲑鱼沥干，去表皮，粉碎鱼骨并用餐叉子将鱼肉切成小薄片状。
• The paint's beginning to flake.油漆开始剥落了。

16 deficit   

n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差

参考例句：

• The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
• We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。

17 rosy   

adj.美好的，乐观的，玫瑰色的

参考例句：

• She got a new job and her life looks rosy.她找到一份新工作，生活看上去很美好。
• She always takes a rosy view of life.她总是对生活持乐观态度。

18 deductions   

扣除( deduction的名词复数 )； 结论； 扣除的量； 推演

参考例句：

• Many of the older officers trusted agents sightings more than cryptanalysts'deductions. 许多年纪比较大的军官往往相信特务的发现，而不怎么相信密码分析员的推断。
• You know how you rush at things,jump to conclusions without proper deductions. 你知道你处理问题是多么仓促，毫无合适的演绎就仓促下结论。