PBS高端访谈:针对美国黑人的抗议活动持续升温,警察局或被解散

JUDY WOODRUFF: The nation echoes again tonight with protests over police using excessive force against black Americans. And there are mounting calls for wholesale¹ changes in policing. All of this comes amid final farewells for the man whose death galvanized a movement. White House correspondent Yamiche Alcindor begins our coverage².

朱迪·伍德乐夫：今晚，全国再次爆发了针对“警察对黑人过度使用武力”的抗议活动。此外，要求对警务部门进行全面改革的呼声也越来越高。所有这一切都发生在对他的最后告别中，他的死引发了一场运动。白宫记者亚米切·阿尔辛多尔开始为我们报道。

YAMICHE ALCINDOR: Lines of people snaked around Houston's Fountain of Praise Church, as family, friends, and strangers paid their final respects to George Floyd.

亚米切·阿尔辛多：人们在休斯顿的赞美泉教堂周围排着长龙，有家人、朋友和陌生人，他们向乔治·弗洛伊德致以了最后的敬意。

ALEA ROLISON IKELE, Mourner: His death, it's changed the world. It sparked this world, this change. And no matter what, things have to change, and things have got to be different.

阿列亚·罗利森·伊凯丽，哀悼者：他的死改变了世界，点燃了这个世界、这种改变。无论如何，有些事情必须改变，必须要有所不同。

YAMICHE ALCINDOR: Separately, the presumptive Democratic presidential nominee³, Joe Biden, and his wife, Jill, met privately⁴ with Floyd's family. Meanwhile, in Minneapolis, Derek Chauvin, the now-fired police officer who pinned Floyd to the ground with a knee on his neck, had his first court appearance. He faces an upgraded charge of second-degree murder. Bail⁵ was set at $1 million. Floyd's death two weeks ago has sparked nationwide and now global protests against police brutality⁶ and systemic racism⁷. In the U.S., massive peaceful protests continue across the country, from small towns and suburbs to thousands in large cities, like Los Angeles, where an estimated 20,000 people came out on Sunday. L.A. prosecutors⁸ today announced they will not charge thousands of protesters who've been arrested for curfew and other violations⁹. And in Washington on Sunday, Republican Senator Mitt¹⁰ Romney of Utah marched with protesters near the White House. Today, in Washington:

亚米切·阿尔辛多：另外，民主党总统候选人乔·拜登和妻子吉尔私下会见了弗洛伊德的家人。与此同时，在明尼阿波利斯市，现已被解雇的警官德里克·肖万，即将弗洛伊德按倒在地并用膝盖顶着其脖子的警察，第一次出庭。他被指控为二级谋杀，保释金为100万美元。两周前弗洛伊德的死引发了全国乃至全球反对警察暴行和系统性种族主义的抗议活动。在美国，大规模的和平抗议活动仍在继续，从小城镇、郊区到像洛杉矶这样有数千人参加的大城市。据估计，周日洛杉矶有2万人参加了抗议活动。洛杉矶检察官今天宣布，他们不会起诉因宵禁和其他违反规定而被捕的数千名抗议者。周日，在华盛顿，犹他州共和党参议员米特·罗姆尼和抗议者们一起在白宫附近进行了游行。今天，在华盛顿：

REP. KAREN BASS¹¹ (D-CA): The world is witnessing the birth of a new movement in our country.

众议员凯伦·巴斯(民主党-加州)：世界正在目睹美国的一场新的运动的诞生。

YAMICHE ALCINDOR: Congressional Democrats¹² introduced a sweeping¹³ set of policing reforms in response to Floyd's death and protesters' demands. The Justice in Policing Act bans choke holds, develops a national standard for use of force, limits the transfer of military weapons to police departments, defines lynching as a federal hate crime, establishes a national police misconduct registry, and limits qualified¹⁴ immunity¹⁵, which protects officers from lawsuits¹⁶ over alleged¹⁷ misconduct. Congressman¹⁸ Hakeem Jeffries of New York is among those leading the push.

亚米切·阿尔辛多：为了回应弗洛伊德的死和抗议者的要求，国会民主党人提出了一系列大规模的警务改革。《公正执法法案》禁止强制执法、制定了使用武力的国家标准、限制向警察部门转让军用武器、将私刑定义为联邦仇恨罪、建立了国家警察不当行为登记处、并对“有限豁免”(保护警察免受所谓不当行为的诉讼)进行了限制。来自纽约的国会议员哈基姆·杰弗里斯是带头推动这一法案的人之一。

REP. HAKEEM JEFFRIES (D-NY): And all we have ever wanted is to be treated equally, not better, not worse, equally. Why has that been so difficult to achieve? That's all we have ever wanted.

众议员杰弗里斯(民主党-纽约)：我们一直想要的就是被平等对待，不是优待，不是劣待，而是平等对待。为什么实现它这么难？这就是我们一直以来所渴求的。

YAMICHE ALCINDOR: Today, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi urged the Republican-controlled Senate to consider the bill. For his part, President Trump¹⁹ has not put forward a plan to address policing and systemic racism. Today, he led a roundtable with law enforcement officials. He and his campaign have attacked Democrats, including Vice²⁰ President Biden, for wanting to-quote-defund the police.

亚米切·阿尔辛多：今天，众议院议长南希·佩洛西敦促在共和党控制下的参议院考虑实施该法案。特朗普总统还没有提出解决警务和系统性种族主义问题的计划。今天，他与执法官员举行了圆桌会议。他和他的竞选团队攻击了包括副总统拜登在内的民主党人想要“撤资警察”的计划。

DONALD TRUMP, President of the United States: There won't be defunding. There won't be dismantling²¹ of our police. And there's not going to be any disbanding of our police. Our police have been letting us live in peace.

唐纳德·特朗普，美国总统：不会出现撤资的情况，我们的警察不会被废除，我们的警察也不会被解散，我们的警察一直在维护我们的和平生活。

YAMICHE ALCINDOR: Today, Biden's campaign pushed back and said he-quote-does not believe the police should be defunded. In Minneapolis, nine of the 13 City Council members have called for dismantling the police department and replacing it with a new public safety system. Other proposals, backed by progressive activists²² and a few elected officials, do not call for police departments to be fully²³ abolished. Instead, they push state and local governments to decrease police budgets, while increasing spending on things like education and housing. Now outside the White House, people have gathered to protest for yet another day. They have been doing this for more than a week. They tell me that they are going to continue to peacefully gather here until America confronts in a meaningful way the devastating²⁴ and often deadly impact of racism-Judy.

亚米切·阿尔辛多：今天，拜登的竞选团队做出了回击，称他“认为不应该取消对警察的资助”。在明尼阿波利斯市，13名市议会成员中有9人呼吁解散警察局并代之以新的公共安全系统。其他的一些由进步的激进分子和当选官员支持的建议里并没有要求彻底废除警察局。相反，他们敦促州和地方政府削减警察预算，同时增加教育和住房等方面的支出。现在在白宫外，人们已经又聚集起来进行新的一天的抗议，此举他们已经持续了一个多星期。他们告诉我，他们将继续和平地聚集在这里，直到美国以一种有意义的方式来面对具有毁灭性且时常致命的种族主义，朱迪。

1 wholesale   

n.批发；adv.以批发方式；vt.批发，成批出售

参考例句：

• The retail dealer buys at wholesale and sells at retail.零售商批发购进货物，以零售价卖出。
• Such shoes usually wholesale for much less.这种鞋批发出售通常要便宜得多。

2 coverage   

n.报导，保险范围，保险额，范围，覆盖

参考例句：

• There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
• This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。

3 nominee   

n.被提名者；被任命者；被推荐者

参考例句：

• His nominee for vice president was elected only after a second ballot.他提名的副总统在两轮投票后才当选。
• Mr.Francisco is standing as the official nominee for the post of District Secretary.弗朗西斯科先生是行政书记职位的正式提名人。

4 privately   

adv.以私人的身份，悄悄地，私下地

参考例句：

• Some ministers admit privately that unemployment could continue to rise.一些部长私下承认失业率可能继续升高。
• The man privately admits that his motive is profits.那人私下承认他的动机是为了牟利。

5 bail   

v.舀（水），保释；n.保证金，保释，保释人

参考例句：

• One of the prisoner's friends offered to bail him out.犯人的一个朋友答应保释他出来。
• She has been granted conditional bail.她被准予有条件保释。

6 brutality   

n.野蛮的行为，残忍，野蛮

参考例句：

• The brutality of the crime has appalled the public. 罪行之残暴使公众大为震惊。
• a general who was infamous for his brutality 因残忍而恶名昭彰的将军

7 racism   

n.民族主义；种族歧视(意识)

参考例句：

• He said that racism is endemic in this country.他说种族主义在该国很普遍。
• Racism causes political instability and violence.种族主义道致政治动荡和暴力事件。

8 prosecutors   

检举人( prosecutor的名词复数 )； 告发人； 起诉人； 公诉人

参考例句：

• In some places,public prosecutors are elected rather than appointed. 在有些地方，检察官是经选举而非任命产生的。 来自口语例句
• You've been summoned to the Prosecutors' Office, 2 days later. 你在两天以后被宣到了检察官的办公室。

9 violations   

违反( violation的名词复数 )； 冒犯； 违反（行为、事例）； 强奸

参考例句：

• This is one of the commonest traffic violations. 这是常见的违反交通规则之例。
• These violations of the code must cease forthwith. 这些违犯法规的行为必须立即停止。

10 mitt   

n.棒球手套，拳击手套，无指手套；vt.铐住，握手

参考例句：

• I gave him a baseball mitt for his birthday.为祝贺他的生日，我送给他一只棒球手套。
• Tom squeezed a mitt and a glove into the bag.汤姆把棒球手套和手套都塞进袋子里。

11 bass   

n.男低音(歌手)；低音乐器；低音大提琴

参考例句：

• He answered my question in a surprisingly deep bass.他用一种低得出奇的声音回答我的问题。
• The bass was to give a concert in the park.那位男低音歌唱家将在公园中举行音乐会。

12 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 sweeping   

adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的

参考例句：

• The citizens voted for sweeping reforms.公民投票支持全面的改革。
• Can you hear the wind sweeping through the branches?你能听到风掠过树枝的声音吗？

14 qualified   

adj.合格的，有资格的，胜任的，有限制的

参考例句：

• He is qualified as a complete man of letters.他有资格当真正的文学家。
• We must note that we still lack qualified specialists.我们必须看到我们还缺乏有资质的专家。

15 immunity   

n.优惠；免除；豁免，豁免权

参考例句：

• The law gives public schools immunity from taxation.法律免除公立学校的纳税义务。
• He claims diplomatic immunity to avoid being arrested.他要求外交豁免以便避免被捕。

16 lawsuits   

n.诉讼( lawsuit的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Lawsuits involving property rights and farming and grazing rights increased markedly. 涉及财产权，耕作与放牧权的诉讼案件显著地增加。 来自辞典例句
• I've lost and won more lawsuits than any man in England. 全英国的人算我官司打得最多，赢的也多，输的也多。 来自辞典例句

17 alleged   

a.被指控的，嫌疑的

参考例句：

• It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office. 他被指称在任时收受贿赂。
• alleged irregularities in the election campaign 被指称竞选运动中的不正当行为

18 Congressman   

n.（美）国会议员

参考例句：

• He related several anecdotes about his first years as a congressman.他讲述自己初任议员那几年的几则轶事。
• The congressman is meditating a reply to his critics.这位国会议员正在考虑给他的批评者一个答复。

19 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

20 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

21 dismantling   

（枪支）分解

参考例句：

• The new government set about dismantling their predecessors' legislation. 新政府正着手废除其前任所制定的法律。
• The dismantling of a nuclear reprocessing plant caused a leak of radioactivity yesterday. 昨天拆除核后处理工厂引起了放射物泄漏。

22 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

23 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

24 devastating   

adj.毁灭性的，令人震惊的，强有力的

参考例句：

• It is the most devastating storm in 20 years.这是20年来破坏性最大的风暴。
• Affairs do have a devastating effect on marriages.婚外情确实会对婚姻造成毁灭性的影响。