PBS高端访谈:缅怀塞布·埃雷卡特

JUDY WOODRUFF: This morning in Jerusalem, senior Palestinian official Saeb Erekat died after a month-long battle with COVID-19. Long a fixture¹ of Palestinian politics, Erekat led peace talks with the Israelis for nearly three decades. Nick Schifrin has this look at his life.

NICK SCHIFRIN: For decades, Saeb Erekat embodied² Palestinian diplomacy³ and Palestinian hopes.

SAEB EREKAT, Chief Palestinian Negotiator: The only way to have peace in this region is to solve the Palestinian question, is to solve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, is to end the Israeli occupation.

NICK SCHIFRIN: His career was defined by the negotiations⁴ he helped lead, in the '90s, for the Oslo accords that removed Israeli soldiers from parts of the West Bank.

SAEB EREKAT: Once they leave our towns, villages and refugee camps in the first stage, there is no way back.

NICK SCHIFRIN: In 2000, next to former PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat at Camp David, and, in 2014, during the last round of peace talks. In 2007, he spoke⁵ to Gwen Ifill.

SAEB EREKAT: What needs to be restored in the minds of Palestinians and Israelis today is the hope.

AARON DAVID MILLER⁶, Public Policy Scholar, Woodrow Wilson International Center For Scholars: He played the role that he was given, believed in it deeply, and thought about peace and the possibility of a better future as more than just a thought experiment. It was something he devoted⁷ his life to.

NICK SCHIFRIN: Aaron David Miller worked on Middle East peace across six administrations. He says Erekat was constrained⁸ by Arafat and, more recently, by Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas, but Erekat always believed in a negotiated solution.

AARON DAVID MILLER: He never surrendered to the forces of history, which, of course, if they could speak to us, would basically say there'll never be a solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. He deeply believed, I think, in the forces of diplomacy.

NICK SCHIFRIN: Erekat was a longtime proponent⁹ of two states and a longtime critic of Israeli occupation.

NOUR ODEH, Former Palestinian Government Spokesperson: Saeb's name has been synonymous with negotiations and all that comes with it, the trials, the tribulations¹⁰, the failings.

NICK SCHIFRIN: Nour Odeh is a political analyst¹¹ in Ramallah. She praises Erekat, but says young Palestinians question the diplomacy he was committed to.

NOUR ODEH: After a certain point, there was an obsession¹² with the process, rather than the end results of what that process should have delivered. And the sentiment is that that process ended up being a cover for everything that was happening on the ground, which was literally¹³ undoing¹⁴ the possibility of two states.

NICK SCHIFRIN: Most recently, Erekat executed Abbas' decision to cut off negotiations with the Trump¹⁵ administration after the U.S. moved its embassy to Jerusalem, and he rejected the administration's peace plan, unveiled last year.

SAEB EREKAT: This is not a plan of peace. This is a scandal and the fraud of the century.

NICK SCHIFRIN: Erekat never backed down from advocating what Palestinians believed they deserved. Some Israelis found him obstructionist. Many respected his intelligence.

He never stopped working with, and befriending, Israelis he negotiated against, including longtime negotiator Yossi Beilin.

YOSSI BEILIN, Former Israeli Negotiator: He proved to all of us, and I believe that also to the world, that the myth that we don't have partners is totally, totally wrong.

NICK SCHIFRIN: Erekat contracted COVID last month, and died this morning in this Jerusalem hospital, his diplomacy and his dreams unfulfilled. Saeb Erekat was 65 years old. For the PBS NewsHour, I'm Nick Schifrin.

朱迪·伍德拉夫：今天上午在耶路撒冷，巴勒斯坦高级官员塞布·埃雷卡特在与科维德-19型战机进行了一个月的战斗后死亡。长期以来，埃雷卡特一直是巴勒斯坦政坛的常客，他领导了近30年与以色列的和平谈判。尼克·希夫林对他的生活有这样的看法。

尼克·希夫林：几十年来，塞布·埃雷卡特体现了巴勒斯坦的外交和巴勒斯坦的希望。巴勒斯坦首席谈判代表埃雷卡特：解决巴勒斯坦问题是该地区实现和平的唯一途径，就是解决巴以冲突，就是结束以色列的占领。

尼克·席夫林：他的职业生涯是由他在90年代帮助领导的谈判决定的，因为奥斯陆协议把以色列士兵从西岸部分地区赶走。

埃雷卡特：一旦他们在第一阶段离开我们的城镇、村庄和难民营，就没有退路了。

尼克·希夫林：2000年，在戴维营，在巴解组织前主席亚西尔·阿拉法特旁边，在2014年，在上一轮和谈期间。2007年，他与格温·伊菲尔交谈。

埃雷卡特：今天巴勒斯坦人和以色列人需要恢复的是希望。伍德罗·威尔逊国际学者中心公共政策学者亚伦·大卫·米勒：他扮演了他被赋予的角色，对这个角色深信不疑，把和平和美好未来的可能性想象成不仅仅是一个思想实验。这是他毕生致力于的事情。

尼克·席夫林：亚伦·大卫·米勒在六届政府中致力于中东和平。他说埃雷卡特受到阿拉法特的限制，最近，被巴勒斯坦权力机构主席阿巴斯，但埃雷卡特一直相信通过谈判解决问题。

亚伦·大卫·米勒：他从未向历史的力量投降，当然，如果他们能和我们对话，基本上会说，巴以冲突永远不会有解决方案。我认为，他深信外交力量。

尼克·希夫林：埃雷卡特是两个国家的长期支持者，也是以色列占领的长期批评者。前巴勒斯坦政府发言人诺尔·奥德：萨伊布的名字一直是谈判和随之而来的一切、考验、磨难和失败的代名词。

尼克·希夫林：诺尔·奥德是拉马拉的政治分析家。她称赞埃雷卡特，但说巴勒斯坦年轻人质疑他所致力于的外交。

诺尔·奥德：在某一点之后，人们对这个过程产生了痴迷，而不是这个过程本应交付的最终结果。人们的情绪是，这个过程最终掩盖了当地发生的一切，这实际上是在破坏两个国家的可能性。

尼克·席夫林：最近，埃雷卡特执行了阿巴斯在美国总统大选后中断与特朗普政府谈判的决定。他拒绝了政府去年公布的和平计划。

埃雷卡特：这不是一个和平计划。这是一个世纪的丑闻和欺诈。

尼克·席夫林：埃雷卡特从未放弃主张巴勒斯坦人认为他们应得的东西。一些以色列人发现他是个阻挠者。许多人尊重他的智慧。他从未停止与他谈判反对的以色列人，包括长期谈判代表尤西·贝林合作和交友。以色列前谈判代表贝林：他向我们所有人证明了这一点，我相信也向全世界证明了这一点，我们没有伴侣的神话是完全错误的。

尼克·希夫林：埃雷卡特上个月感染了新冠病毒，今天早上在耶路撒冷的一家医院去世，他的外交和他的梦想没有实现。塞布·埃雷卡特65岁。这是PBS新闻一小时，我是尼克·希夫林。

1 fixture   

n.固定设备；预定日期；比赛时间；定期存款

参考例句：

• Lighting fixture must be installed at once.必须立即安装照明设备。
• The cordless kettle may now be a fixture in most kitchens.无绳电热水壶现在可能是多数厨房的固定设备。

2 embodied   

v.表现( embody的过去式和过去分词 )；象征；包括；包含

参考例句：

• a politician who embodied the hopes of black youth 代表黑人青年希望的政治家
• The heroic deeds of him embodied the glorious tradition of the troops. 他的英雄事迹体现了军队的光荣传统。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 diplomacy   

n.外交；外交手腕，交际手腕

参考例句：

• The talks have now gone into a stage of quiet diplomacy.会谈现在已经进入了“温和外交”阶段。
• This was done through the skill in diplomacy. 这是通过外交手腕才做到的。

4 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

5 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

6 miller   

n.磨坊主

参考例句：

• Every miller draws water to his own mill.磨坊主都往自己磨里注水。
• The skilful miller killed millions of lions with his ski.技术娴熟的磨坊主用雪橇杀死了上百万头狮子。

7 devoted   

adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的

参考例句：

• He devoted his life to the educational cause of the motherland.他为祖国的教育事业贡献了一生。
• We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。

8 constrained   

adj.束缚的,节制的

参考例句：

• The evidence was so compelling that he felt constrained to accept it. 证据是那样的令人折服，他觉得不得不接受。
• I feel constrained to write and ask for your forgiveness. 我不得不写信请你原谅。

9 proponent   

n.建议者；支持者；adj.建议的

参考例句：

• Stapp became a strong early proponent of automobile seat belts.斯塔普是力主在汽车上采用座椅安全带的早期倡导者。
• Halsey was identified as a leading proponent of the values of progressive education.哈尔西被认为是进步教育价值观的主要支持者。

10 tribulations   

n.苦难( tribulation的名词复数 )；艰难；苦难的缘由；痛苦

参考例句：

• the tribulations of modern life 现代生活的苦恼
• The film is about the trials and tribulations of adolescence. 这部电影讲述了青春期的麻烦和苦恼。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

12 obsession   

n.困扰，无法摆脱的思想(或情感)

参考例句：

• I was suffering from obsession that my career would be ended.那时的我陷入了我的事业有可能就此终止的困扰当中。
• She would try to forget her obsession with Christopher.她会努力忘记对克里斯托弗的迷恋。

13 literally   

adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实

参考例句：

• He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
• Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候，她不走到真正要昏厥了，决不肯坐下来。

14 undoing   

n.毁灭的原因，祸根；破坏，毁灭

参考例句：

• That one mistake was his undoing. 他一失足即成千古恨。
• This hard attitude may have led to his undoing. 可能就是这种强硬的态度导致了他的垮台。

15 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。