乔布斯传 第658期:2008战役(1)

The Battles of 2008

2008战役

By the beginning of 2008 it was clear to Jobs and his doctors that his cancer was spreading.

到2008年初，乔布斯和他的医生们已经确定，他的癌细胞正在扩散。

When they had taken out his pancreatic tumors in 2004, he had the cancer genome partially¹ sequenced.

2004年医生切除他的胰脏肿瘤时，他请专家对癌症基因进行了部分排序。

That helped his doctors determine which pathways were broken,

这有助于医生确定问题出现在哪些致癌位点上，

and they were treating him with targeted therapies that they thought were most likely to work.

并对他采取他们认为最有效的定位靶向治疗。

He was also being treated for pain, usually with morphine-based analgesics².

他也在接受止痛治疗，一般都是用吗啡成分的镇痛药。

One day in February 2008 when Powell's close friend Kathryn Smith was staying with them in Palo Alto, she and Jobs took a walk.

2008年2月的一天，鲍威尔的好朋友凯瑟琳·史密斯在他们帕洛奥图的家里做客时，跟乔布斯一起出去散步。

"He told me that when he feels really bad, he just concentrates on the pain, goes into the pain, and that seems to dissipate it," she recalled.

“他告诉我，当他实在难受时，他就专注于疼痛，钻进去，似乎就能把疼痛驱散了。”她回忆说。

That wasn't exactly true, however. When Jobs was in pain, he let everyone around him know it.

但是事实并非总是如此。乔布斯疼的时候，会充分表达出来，让身边每一个人都知道。

There was another health issue that became increasingly problematic,

还有另外一个健康问题越来越严重，

one that medical researchers didn't focus on as rigorously as they did cancer or pain.

之前并未像癌症或疼痛一样引起医疗研究人员的足够重视。

He was having eating problems and losing weight.

他面临进食问题，体重不断下降。

Partly this was because he had lost much of his pancreas, which produces the enzymes³ needed to digest protein and other nutrients⁴.

部分原因是他切除了大部分胰脏，而胰脏的功能是分泌消化蛋白质和其他营养素所需要的酶。

It was also because both the cancer and the morphine reduced his appetite.

另一个原因是镇痛用的吗啡让他缺乏食欲。

And then there was the psychological component⁵, which the doctors barely knew how to address:

此外还有心理原因，医生们都不知道该怎么应对，

Since his early teens, he had indulged his weird⁶ obsession⁷ with extremely restrictive diets and fasts.

自从他十多岁起，乔布斯就沉迷于严格的节食和禁食。

1 partially   

adv.部分地，从某些方面讲

参考例句：

• The door was partially concealed by the drapes.门有一部分被门帘遮住了。
• The police managed to restore calm and the curfew was partially lifted.警方设法恢复了平静，宵禁部分解除。

2 analgesics   

n.止痛剂，镇痛剂( analgesic的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Management of lumbar strain includes analgesics and rest during the acute phase. 在急性期，腰部劳损的处理包括用止痛剂及休息，在床垫下面放置硬板。 来自互联网
• I've taken a lot of analgesics. But they are not so effective. 我吃了不少镇痛药。促是效果不怎么好。 来自互联网

3 enzymes   

n. 酶，酵素

参考例句：

• It was said that washing powders containing enzymes remove stains more efficiently. 据说加酶洗衣粉除污更有效。
• Among the enzymes which are particularly effective are pepsin, papain. 在酶当中特别有效的是胃朊酶、木瓜酶。

4 nutrients   

n.（食品或化学品）营养物，营养品( nutrient的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a lack of essential nutrients 基本营养的缺乏
• Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. 营养素被吸收进血液。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 component   

n.组成部分，成分，元件；adj.组成的，合成的

参考例句：

• Each component is carefully checked before assembly.每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查。
• Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。

6 weird   

adj.古怪的，离奇的；怪诞的，神秘而可怕的

参考例句：

• From his weird behaviour,he seems a bit of an oddity.从他不寻常的行为看来，他好像有点怪。
• His weird clothes really gas me.他的怪衣裳简直笑死人。

7 obsession   

n.困扰，无法摆脱的思想(或情感)

参考例句：

• I was suffering from obsession that my career would be ended.那时的我陷入了我的事业有可能就此终止的困扰当中。
• She would try to forget her obsession with Christopher.她会努力忘记对克里斯托弗的迷恋。