科学美国人60秒 飞蛾激发出更好的智能手机屏幕

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One of the things that makes your smartphone so smart is that if you pull it out in the sun, it senses that—and dials up the screen brightness to compensate¹. But it's not a perfect solution.

智能手机非常智能的一个表现就是，如果你把它放在阳光下，它就会感受到强光——然后将屏幕亮度调高来应对变化。但这并不是针对这种情况的一个完美的解决方案。

"First of all it's still not bright enough—you have to remember how respectable sunlight is." Shin-Tson Wu, a physicist² at the University of Central Florida. The other problem, he says of the brightened screen, is it kills the battery.

“首先，它仍然不够明亮——你必须记住阳光有多么强烈。”吴诗聪——中佛罗里达大学的一名物理学家。他说另一个问题是，屏幕更亮也就更费电池。

So Wu and colleagues have fabricated a battery-sparing alternative: an anti-reflective screen coating. Based on the eyes of moths⁴.

吴诗聪和同事们制作了一个更省电池的替代品：一种防反光的屏幕保护膜。该设计灵感来自于飞蛾的眼睛。

"Nature is so rich! We can learn a lot from nature."

“自然界是非常富有的!我们可以从自然中学到很多东西。”

The thing Wu and others have learned about moth³ eyes, is that they're bumpy⁵, studded with tiny projections⁶. That uneven⁷ surface reduces the reflection of light off their eyes—thought to help the bugs⁸ evade⁹ predators¹⁰, and see better in low light.

吴诗聪和其他人发现了飞蛾眼睛的一个特征——它们崎岖不平，且布满了微小的投影。这种不均匀的表面减少了眼睛光线的反射，而这帮助它们躲避了捕食者，并使它们在光线较低的时候看得更清楚。

So Wu and his team built a similar surface with tiny dimples, to cut down on glare. He says the dimpled coating could boost the readability of a screen by five to 10 times, compared to a normal smartphone screen. The details are in the journal Optica.

吴诗聪和他的团队用酒窝型小凹槽建造了一个类似的表面，以减少刺眼的光线。他说，与普通的智能手机屏幕相比，调光的保护膜能使屏幕的可读性提高5到10倍。有关详情刊登在《光学杂志》（Optica）上。

The tech hasn't been commercialized yet, and that could take a few years. Which gives researchers time to take advantage of another property of these surfaces: they’re flexible. Meaning the possibility of curved or bendable displays. Combine that with the bendy batteries we reported on in a recent podcast, and it looks like the smartphones of the future could be set for a real metamorphosis.

这项技术还没有被商业化，而被商业化可能需要好几年。这给了研究人员时间去利用这种表面的另一属性：它们的灵活性。这意味着他们或许会创造出弯曲或可弯曲的显示器。结合我们最近播出过的可弯曲电池——看起来智能手机未来可能要发生真正的蜕变哦。

1 compensate   

vt.补偿，赔偿；酬报 vi.弥补；补偿；抵消

参考例句：

• She used her good looks to compensate her lack of intelligence. 她利用她漂亮的外表来弥补智力的不足。
• Nothing can compensate for the loss of one's health. 一个人失去了键康是不可弥补的。

2 physicist   

n.物理学家，研究物理学的人

参考例句：

• He is a physicist of the first rank.他是一流的物理学家。
• The successful physicist never puts on airs.这位卓有成就的物理学家从不摆架子。

3 moth   

n.蛾，蛀虫

参考例句：

• A moth was fluttering round the lamp.有一只蛾子扑打着翅膀绕着灯飞。
• The sweater is moth-eaten.毛衣让蛀虫咬坏了。

4 moths   

n.蛾( moth的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The moths have eaten holes in my wool coat. 蛀虫将我的羊毛衫蛀蚀了几个小洞。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The moths tapped and blurred at the window screen. 飞蛾在窗帘上跳来跳去，弄上了许多污点。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

5 bumpy   

adj.颠簸不平的，崎岖的

参考例句：

• I think we've a bumpy road ahead of us.我觉得我们将要面临一段困难时期。
• The wide paved road degenerated into a narrow bumpy track.铺好的宽阔道路渐渐变窄，成了一条崎岖不平的小径。

6 projections   

预测( projection的名词复数 )； 投影； 投掷； 突起物

参考例句：

• Their sales projections are a total thumbsuck. 他们的销售量预测纯属估计。
• The council has revised its projections of funding requirements upwards. 地方议会调高了对资金需求的预测。

7 uneven   

adj.不平坦的，不规则的，不均匀的

参考例句：

• The sidewalk is very uneven—be careful where you walk.这人行道凹凸不平—走路时请小心。
• The country was noted for its uneven distribution of land resources.这个国家以土地资源分布不均匀出名。

8 bugs   

adj.疯狂的，发疯的n.窃听器( bug的名词复数 )；病菌；虫子；[计算机]（制作软件程序所产生的意料不到的）错误

参考例句：

• All programs have bugs and need endless refinement. 所有的程序都有漏洞，都需要不断改进。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The sacks of rice were swarming with bugs. 一袋袋的米里长满了虫子。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 evade   

vt.逃避，回避；避开，躲避

参考例句：

• He tried to evade the embarrassing question.他企图回避这令人难堪的问题。
• You are in charge of the job.How could you evade the issue?你是负责人，你怎么能对这个问题不置可否？

10 predators   

n.食肉动物( predator的名词复数 )；奴役他人者（尤指在财务或性关系方面）

参考例句：

• birds and their earthbound predators 鸟和地面上捕食它们的动物
• The eyes of predators are highly sensitive to the slightest movement. 捕食性动物的眼睛能感觉到最细小的动静。 来自《简明英汉词典》