科学美国人60秒 伊朗用于审查互联网的技术(1)

This is 60-Second Science. I'm Tulika Bose.

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学系列，我是图利卡·博斯。

Iranians have been fiercely and relentlessly¹ protesting against their government.

伊朗人一直在不屈不挠地强烈抗议政府。

This was sparked by the death of a 22-year old Kurdish woman named Mahsa Amini who died in the custody² of the country's "morality police."

引发抗议的原因是一名22岁的库尔德女性玛莎·艾米妮在该国“道德警察”的监管下死亡。

The demonstrations³ have been led by young women, who refused to accept restrictive laws like hijab requirements, but authorities have been cracking down with violence, arrests, and with surveillance.

示威活动由年轻女性领导，她们拒绝接受像是要求佩戴头巾这样的限制性法律，但当局一直在用暴力、逮捕和监视来镇压。

I'm here with Sophie Bushwick, our tech editor at Scientific American.

我现在和《科学美国人》的技术编辑苏菲·布什维克在一起。

Sophie interviewed Amir Rashidi, who is the director of digital rights and security at Miaan Group, an Austin, Texas based advocacy organization working to improve human rights in Iran.

苏菲采访了阿米尔·拉希迪，阿米尔是Miaan Group(总部位于德克萨斯州首府奥斯汀的倡导组织)的数字权利和安全主管，致力于改善伊朗的人权问题。

Hey, Sophie.

嘿, 索菲娅。

Hi.

嗨。

Sophie, so how did you find this story?

索菲娅, 你是怎么发现这个情况的?

I had heard that some protesters in Iran were worried about the government using facial recognition.

我听说伊朗的一些抗议者担心政府使用面部识别。

And I reached out to Amir to just ask them about this technology in particular, but what I learned is that the use of technology for suppression in Iran goes way beyond facial recognition.

我联系了阿米尔，专门询问了他们关于这项技术的问题，但我了解到伊朗使用技术进行镇压远远超出了面部识别。

In fact, the government is actively⁴ trying to create its own nationwide intranet that would be separate from the global Internet and allow it to maintain much stricter control over what its citizens can see on the internet.

事实上，伊朗政府正在积极尝试创建自己的国家内联网，这个内联网将从全球互联网中分离出来，并允许内联网对公民在互联网上浏览的内容保持更严格的控制。

Do you think that has any ramifications⁵ in the near future?

你认为这在不久的将来会有什么影响吗?

So within Iran, what I learned is that the government has been interested in this intranet project for a while, but there hasn't been a lot of adoption⁶, in part because people know that the government is really interested in surveillance and censorship.

我了解到伊朗政府对这个内联网项目感兴趣有一段时间了，但这个项目还没有被广泛采用，部分原因是人们清楚该国政府对监视和审查感兴趣。

It's not just a matter of creating their own servers, they need their own data centers, and they need their own proprietary⁷ apps.

这不仅仅是创建他们自己的服务器的问题，他们需要自己的数据中心，并且需要自己专有的应用程序。

They've shut down access to WhatsApp, they don't want people to be communicating with the outside world or to have access to that kind of information.

他们已经关闭了对WhatsApp（通讯应用程序）的访问，他们不希望人们与外部世界交流，也不希望人们能够访问这种信息。

So what they've instead suggested is they're trying to push citizens to adopt nationwide apps, and the nationwide intranet.

因此，他们转而提出的建议是，努力推动公民采用全国性的应用程序以及全国性的内联网。

They've done things like making the nationwide intranet cheaper and faster than accessing the global Internet.

他们做了一些事情，比如让全国性的内联网比接入全球互联网更便宜、更快。

1 relentlessly   

adv.不屈不挠地；残酷地；不间断

参考例句：

• The African sun beat relentlessly down on his aching head. 非洲的太阳无情地照射在他那发痛的头上。
• He pursued her relentlessly, refusing to take 'no' for an answer. 他锲而不舍地追求她，拒不接受“不”的回答。

2 custody   

n.监护，照看，羁押，拘留

参考例句：

• He spent a week in custody on remand awaiting sentence.等候判决期间他被还押候审一个星期。
• He was taken into custody immediately after the robbery.抢劫案发生后，他立即被押了起来。

3 demonstrations   

证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威

参考例句：

• Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
• The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。

4 actively   

adv.积极地，勤奋地

参考例句：

• During this period all the students were actively participating.在这节课中所有的学生都积极参加。
• We are actively intervening to settle a quarrel.我们正在积极调解争执。

5 ramifications   

n.结果，后果( ramification的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• These changes are bound to have widespread social ramifications. 这些变化注定会造成许多难以预料的社会后果。
• What are the ramifications of our decision to join the union? 我们决定加入工会会引起哪些后果呢？ 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 adoption   

n.采用，采纳，通过；收养

参考例句：

• An adoption agency had sent the boys to two different families.一个收养机构把他们送给两个不同的家庭。
• The adoption of this policy would relieve them of a tremendous burden.采取这一政策会给他们解除一个巨大的负担。

7 proprietary   

n.所有权，所有的；独占的；业主

参考例句：

• We had to take action to protect the proprietary technology.我们必须采取措施保护专利技术。
• Proprietary right is the foundation of jus rerem.所有权是物权法之根基。