走遍全世界12: 请保护你的隐私

摘要：每个人都有属于自己的一番小天地，不喜欢外人的入侵。但是现代科学技术，网络技术的发展，使得人们的隐私轻易就暴露在公众面前。如何保护自己的隐私，已成为当今社会的一个热门话题。

英语听力原文：

Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it's important to reveal yourself to friends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. But few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs² you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simple goolge search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret.
心理学家告诉我们和别人保持界限是健康的，而且在适当的时机逐步地向你的朋友、家人和恋人透露你的个人情况很重要。但是现在已经没有多少界限存在了。你处处留下的“数字面包碎屑”很容易让陌生人推向出你是谁，你在哪里，你对什么感兴趣。在有些情况下，一次简单的Google搜索就可以暴露你的想法。无论我们喜欢与否，我们越来越生活在一个无法保密的世界里。

The key question is: Does that matter?
问题的关键是：这很重要吗？

For many Americans, the answer apparently³ is "no".
对于许多美国人来说，答案很显然是“不重要”。

When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found an overwhelming pessimism⁴ about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is "slipping away, and that bothers me."
在一次关于隐私的美国民意调查时，大部分人很担心失去它。有一项调查发现，人们对于隐私的安全性非常地悲观，60%的被调查者说他们感觉“隐私正离他们远去，这让他们烦恼不已。”

But people say one thing and do another. Only a tiny fraction of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile⁵ movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty⁶ cards. Privacy economist⁷ Alessandro Acquits⁸ has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon⁹.
但是人们言行不一。只有一小部分美国人改变自己的行为，以保护自己的隐私。很少有人会拒绝收费站的打折，本来若是拒绝的话就可以避免使用能跟踪汽车行踪的EZ-Pass系统。很少有人会拒绝超市的会员优惠卡（积分卡）。隐私经济学家压力山德罗·奎斯蒂进行了一系列的测试，表明人们会透露像社保卡号这样的个人信息，就只是为了能拿到微不足道的便宜50美分的优惠券。

But privacy does matter — at least sometimes. It's like health: when you have it, you don't notice it. Only when it's gone do you wish you'd done more to protect it.
但是隐私的确很重要——至少有些时候是这样。它就如同健康：当你拥有它时，你没有注意它，当你失去它后，你才后悔你没有尽力保护好它。

英语词汇整理：

1. crumb¹ n. 碎屑，面包（或糕饼）屑

eg: I stood up, brushing crumbs from my trousers.
我站起来，掸去裤子上的食物碎屑。

短语：
to a crumb 精细地；精确地
crumb rubber 废胶末
bread crumb 面包心；面包碎屑

2. apparently adv. 显然地

eg: He sat at a different table, apparently without noticing her. 
他在另一张桌边坐下，显然没有注意到她。

短语：
aim apparently 明显地以......为目标
apparently drowned 溺水假死

3. respondent n. 应答者，被告

eg: The court holds the respondent responsible for the losses. 
仲裁庭认为被告应当对损失负责。

短语：
respondent post 回贴
respondent will 答辩会
respondent bank 代理银行

4. fraction n. 小部分

eg: Their economy is still a fraction of ours.
他们的经济仍然是我们的一部分。

短语：
a fraction of a second 顷刻，转瞬间
not by a fraction 一点也不
to a fraction [口语]完全地；地地道道地

5. preserve v. 保护，保存

eg: We will do everything to preserve peace.
我们将竭尽全力维护和平。

短语：
(Heaven) preserve us! （表示沮丧、反对等）我的天啊!
poach (trespass) on someone's preserves 侵犯某人的利益（或活动范围）

6. tollbooth n. 过路收费亭

eg: I looked at the tollbooth. Inside it, the man was dancing.
我朝收费亭里望去，有个人在里边跳舞。

7. loyalty n. 忠诚，忠心

eg: His loyalty is above suspicion.
他的忠诚无可置疑。

短语：
out of loyalty to 出于对......的忠诚
loyalty to 对......的忠诚

8. surrender v. 交出，放弃

eg: He had to surrender the watches to the police in which the heroin¹⁰ was hidden.
他被迫向警察交出了那些藏有海洛因的手表。

短语：
surrender to 向...交出...；向......让步/屈服
surrender at discretion¹¹ 无条件投降

9. coupon n. 礼券，（购物）优惠券

eg: Tear off this coupon and use it to get 25p off your next jar of coffee.
撕下这张优待券,用它再买一瓶咖啡可省25便士。

短语：
coupon rate 票面利率
coupon bond 附息票债券
coupon code 优惠码

佳句采摘：
It's like health: when you have it, you don't notice it. Only when it's gone do you wish you'd done more to protect it.
它就如同健康：当你拥有它时，你没有注意它，当你失去它后，你才后悔你没有尽力保护好它。

1 crumb   

n.饼屑，面包屑，小量

参考例句：

• It was the only crumb of comfort he could salvage from the ordeal.这是他从这场磨难里能找到的唯一的少许安慰。
• Ruth nearly choked on the last crumb of her pastry.鲁斯几乎被糕点的最后一块碎屑所噎住。

2 crumbs   

int. (表示惊讶)哎呀 n. 碎屑 名词crumb的复数形式

参考例句：

• She stood up and brushed the crumbs from her sweater. 她站起身掸掉了毛衣上的面包屑。
• Oh crumbs! Is that the time? 啊，天哪！都这会儿啦？

3 apparently   

adv.显然地；表面上，似乎

参考例句：

• An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。
• He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。

4 pessimism   

n.悲观者，悲观主义者，厌世者

参考例句：

• He displayed his usual pessimism.他流露出惯有的悲观。
• There is the note of pessimism in his writings.他的著作带有悲观色彩。

5 automobile   

n.汽车，机动车

参考例句：

• He is repairing the brake lever of an automobile.他正在修理汽车的刹车杆。
• The automobile slowed down to go around the curves in the road.汽车在路上转弯时放慢了速度。

6 loyalty   

n.忠诚，忠心

参考例句：

• She told him the truth from a sense of loyalty.她告诉他真相是出于忠诚。
• His loyalty to his friends was never in doubt.他对朋友的一片忠心从来没受到怀疑。

7 economist   

n.经济学家，经济专家，节俭的人

参考例句：

• He cast a professional economist's eyes on the problem.他以经济学行家的眼光审视这个问题。
• He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers.他是个经济学家，自以为什么都懂。

8 acquits   

宣判…无罪( acquit的第三人称单数 )； 使（自己）作出某种表现

参考例句：

• Well, let's wait and, see how he acquits himself today! 且看他今天办的怎样！ 来自子夜部分
• Athena, as president, gives her vote for Orestes and acquits him. 这时，阿西娜以审判长的资格，给奥列斯特投了一票，宣告他无罪。

9 coupon   

n.息票，配给票，附单

参考例句：

• The coupon can be used once only.此优惠券只限使用一次。
• I have a coupon for ten pence off a packet of soap.我有一张优惠券买一盒肥皂可以便宜十便士。

10 heroin   

n.海洛因

参考例句：

• Customs have made their biggest ever seizure of heroin.海关查获了有史以来最大的一批海洛因。
• Heroin has been smuggled out by sea.海洛因已从海上偷运出境。

11 discretion   

n.谨慎；随意处理

参考例句：

• You must show discretion in choosing your friend.你择友时必须慎重。
• Please use your best discretion to handle the matter.请慎重处理此事。