走遍全世界13: 充当和平缔造者的孩子们

摘要：和平与发展是当今时代的主题。但是在一片和平的氛围中也有一些不和谐的因素，许多地区仍然有战乱，而这些战乱地区的孩子们加入了和平教育项目，即在各种正式与非正式的教育机构中宣传和平思想、传授和平知识与技能等系列活动。这些孩子就成为了和平的缔造者。

英语听力原文：

As war spreads to many corners of the globe, children sadly have been drawn¹ into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education projects.
随着战争波及世界的许多地方，孩子们也呗残酷地卷入了冲突的中心。然而，在阿富汗、波斯尼亚、哥伦比亚，很多孩子加入了和平教育项目。

The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the role o peacemakers. The Children's Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated for the Noble Peace Prize in 1998.
孩子们在学会解决纷争之后做起了和平缔造者。哥伦比亚儿童和平行动甚至在1998年被提名“诺贝尔和平奖”。

Groups of children acting² as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota known as The Schools of Peace.
在哥伦比亚，作为和平缔造者的孩子们认真研究人权和贫穷问题，最后在首都波哥达与其他五所学校成立了“和平学校”。

The classroom offers opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with cooperative, peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step forward toward becoming peacemaker.
课堂上给学生用合作、和平行为替代愤怒、暴力行为的机会。正是课堂上对每个人的关心、尊敬和鼓励促使孩子们向成为和平缔造者迈出前进的一步。

Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are especially useful when helping³ children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resource for teachers and information on starting a Kindness Campaign.
幸运的是，教育者们在网络上找到很多对推动孩子沿着和平的道路前进非常有用的资料。1992年成立的“年轻的和平缔造者俱乐部”设立了一个为教师提供教学资源和发动关爱运动的信息的网站。

The World Centers of Compassion⁴ for Children International call attention to children's rights and how to help the victims of war. Starting a Peacemakers' Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the entire school.
世界儿童慈善中心呼吁重视儿童权利，帮助战争受害者。在班级里创建和平缔造者俱乐部是值得称颂的，它会扩散到其他班级，最终将影响整个学校的文化氛围。

英语词汇整理：

1. spread v. 波及，延伸

eg: The disease was spread in the small town.
这种疾病曾在这个小镇传播蔓延过。

短语：
spread out 摊开；展开
spread over 传遍，延续
spread across 传遍；席卷
spread around 分散；扩散
spread about 分散，撒播
spread on/ upon [美国俚语]记录，记入......
spread it on thick [美国俚语]夸大，吹牛，拍马屁
spread it thick [口语]生活富裕
spread it thin [口语]生活困难
spread one's net 设下圈套
spread one's own wings 施展才干，发挥才能
spread oneself 平伸四肢；[口语]自夸；滔滔不绝地说(或写)；不遗余力

2. resolve v. 解决

eg: I'm sure they will soon resolve all the difficulties.
我可以肯定地说他们很快会解决所有的困难。

短语：
be in resolved 决议如下，兹决议...[会议决议案中常用的套语]
resolve into 使分解为......
fail to resolve 解决未果
make a resolve to do something 决心做某事

3. nominate v. 提名

eg: The Security Council can nominate anyone for secretary-general.
安全理事会可以提名任何人为秘书长。

短语：
nominate sb 提名某人；推荐
nominate to 提名为
nominate as 提名
nominate for 提议

4. empower v. 推动，授权

eg: I empower my agent to make the deal for me. 
我授权我的代理人处理此项交易。

短语：
empower school 向学校放权

同近义词：
enable/ let/ have/ grant  vt.授权，允许；使能够

5. access n. 入口

eg: The only access to that building is along this muddy track.
只有沿这条泥泞小路才能到达那幢大楼。

短语：
easy of access (某地)容易进入；(某人)容易接近
hard of access (某地)难进入；(某人)难接近
have access to 可以到达；可以使用
open access 开放存取；开架阅览
gain access 获得访问权限
get access to 获得；接近；可以使用
access through friends to sb  通过朋友引荐给某人

6. resource n. 资源

eg: This country is rich in natural resources.
该国自然资源丰富。

短语：
leave someone to his own resources 让某人自己解决因难；不给某人以任何帮助
resources in ......的资源
inner resources  内在力量，精神财富

7. campaign n. 活动，运动

eg: He is the leader of the campaign.
他是这场战役的领导人。

短语：
campaign for 为......助选；为......而进行活动
campaign against 开展反对......的活动
carry on a campaign  开展运动
map out a campaign  制定作战计划

8. compassion n. 同情

eg: Elderly people need time and compassion from their physicians.
老年人需要医生的时间和同情心。

短语：
fling oneself on/upon sb's compassion  祈求某人怜悯
compassion for/on 对......的同情
have/take compassion on/upon 同情......，怜悯......

9. victim n. 受害者

eg: Statistically⁵ our chances of being the victims of violent crime are remote.
从统计上来看，我们成为暴力犯罪受害者的可能性是微乎其微的。

短语：
fall a victim to 成为......的牺牲品；成为......的受害者
fall victim 受害

10. praiseworthy adj. 值得称赞的

eg: His aim is honorable and praiseworthy. 
他的目的是高尚的，值得称赞的。

短语：
be praiseworthy 值得赞许
laudable praiseworthy 值得称赞的
nothing praiseworthy 无足称道

11. venture n. 活动，冒险

eg: He was sucked in as a partner in this venture.
他受欺骗参与了这项投机活动。

短语：
at a venture 随便地；碰巧
venture on 冒险，鼓起勇气前进
venture out探险
venture in 在......中冒着(......的)危险
venture into 冒险进入

谚语：
Nothing venture, nothing gain. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。

佳句采摘：
It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step forward toward becoming peacemaker.
正是课堂上对每个人的关心、尊敬和鼓励促使孩子们向成为和平缔造者迈出前进的一步。

1 drawn   

v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的

参考例句：

• All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
• Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。

2 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

3 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

4 compassion   

n.同情，怜悯

参考例句：

• He could not help having compassion for the poor creature.他情不自禁地怜悯起那个可怜的人来。
• Her heart was filled with compassion for the motherless children.她对于没有母亲的孩子们充满了怜悯心。

5 statistically   

ad.根据统计数据来看，从统计学的观点来看

参考例句：

• The sample of building permits is larger and therefore, statistically satisfying. 建筑许可数的样本比较大，所以统计数据更令人满意。
• The results of each test would have to be statistically independent. 每次试验的结果在统计上必须是独立的。