走遍全世界20: 懒惰影响人的健康

摘要：在家看电视时，有1/6的人在没有遥控器的情况下，宁愿忍受无聊的电视节目，也不愿为换频道起身。懒惰的生活方式正严重威胁着各国人民的健康，同时也导致他们患心脏病、肥胖症、关节病、癌症和糖尿病的机率大大增加。

英语听力原文：

Would you eat a ready meal from the fridge rather than cook from scratch? Have you been doing internet shopping rather than going to the stores? What can't you be bothered to do?
你是不是喜欢吃冰箱里的速冻食品而不自己亲手做？你是不是常常在网上购物而不去商店？你懒得做的事情是什么呢？

A study into how lazy Brtish people are has found more than half of adults are so idle they'd catch the lift rather than climb two flights of stairs.
一项针对英国人的懒惰性进行的调查发现，吵过半数的成年人非常懒惰，宁肯乘坐电梯也不愿爬两层楼梯。

Just over 2,000 people were quizzed by independent researchers at Nuffield Health, Britain's largest health charity. The results were startling.
超过2000人接受了英国最大的健康慈善机构 Nuffield Health 独立调查员的调查，调查结果令人大吃一惊。

About one in six people surveyed said if their remote control was broken, they would continue watching the same channel rather than get up.
调查显示，如果遥控器坏了，大约六分之一的人宁肯继续看原来的频道也懒得起身去换台。

More than one third of those questioned said they would not run to catch a bus. Worryingly, of the 654 respondents with children, 64% said they were often too tired to play with them.
超过三分之一的被调查者称，他们不会跑着去赶一班公交车。更令人担忧的是，在654名有孩子的受访者中，64%的声称他们经常感到非常疲惫，不愿陪孩子们玩。

This led the report to conclude that it's no wonder that one in six children in the UK are classified as obese¹ before they start school.
调查报告最后总结道，难怪英国六分之一的学前儿童被划分到极度肥胖类。

Dr Sarah Dauncey, medical director of Nuffield Health, said:" People need to get fitter, not just for their own sake, but for the sake of their families, friends and evidently their pets too. If we don't start to take control of this problem, a whole generation will become too unfit to perform even the most rudimentary of tasks."
Nuffield Health 的医疗主管萨拉·多恩西博士说：“人们有需要变得更加健康，这不仅仅是为他们自己，也是为了他们的家人、朋友，当然还有他们的宠物。如果我们现在不开始注意这个问题，整代人都将变得非常不健康，甚至难以完成最基本的任务。”

And Scotland's largest city, Glasgow, was shamed as the most indolent city in the UK, with 75% surveyed admitting they do not get enough exercise, followed closely by Birmingham and Southampton, both with 67%.
在苏格兰最大的城市格拉斯哥，75%的被调查者承认自己缺乏足够的锻炼，因此这座城市也被评为英国最懒惰的城市。紧随其后的是伯明翰和南安普敦，67%的人承认缺少足够的体育锻炼。

The results pose serious challenges for the National Health Service, where obesity-related illnesses such as heart disease and cancer have been on a steady increase for the past 40 years and are costing billions of pounds every year.
调查结果为英国国民健康服务体系提出了严重挑战。过去40年，心脏病和癌症等与肥胖相关的疾病一直呈稳步上升态势，每年的医疗费用高达数十亿英镑。

英语词汇整理：

1. scratch n. 擦伤；抓痕

eg: The seven-year-old was found crying with scratches on his face and neck.
那个7岁的孩子被找到时正在哭，脸上和颈上都有擦伤。

短语：
without a scratch 一点儿也没受伤，安然无恙
from scratch 白手起家
on scratch 准时，正点
scratch for oneself [美国口语]关心自身利益
bring someone to the scratch 使某人下定决心；使某人坚决行动起来(或做好准备)
no great scratch 没什么了不起，很平常
scratch a living 艰难度日，勉强糊口
a scratch of the pen 签名
up to scratch [口语]达到标准，合格；(身体)处于良好状态

2. charity n.慈善；施舍；慈善团体

eg: He disposed his money in charity.
他将自己的钱用于慈善事业。

短语：
in charity = out of charity 出于恻隐之心
in charity with = out of charity with 对......没有好感
(as) cold as charity 寒冷的，冰凉的

近义词：
mercy  n.仁慈，宽容；怜悯

eg: Neither side took prisoners or showed any mercy.
双方都没有抓俘虏，也没有表现出丝毫的仁慈。

3. startling adj.令人吃惊的

eg: The results of that difference are startling.
这点差异所带来的后果是惊人的。

同近义词：
screming / thunder-struck  adj. 令人吃惊的；遭雷击的

4. remote adj. 遥远的；偏僻的

eg: Nowadays tractors are used even in remote mountainous regions. 
现在连偏僻的山区也用上了拖拉机。

短语：
I haven't the remotest. [口语]我一点儿不明白。
remote from 远离
remote future 遥远的将来

5. respondent adj. 回答的；应答的

eg: Their respondent comment are very enthusiastically.
他们回答的批评非常热烈。

短语：
respondent will 答辩会
as Respondent 身为回应者

6. rudimentary adj. 基本的；初步的

eg: He had only a rudimentary knowledge of French.
他只有最基本的法语知识。

短语：
rudimentary instinct 天性
rudimentary finger 发育不全手指

7. indolent adj. 懒惰的；无痛的

eg: The sultry weather in the tropics encourages tourists to lead an indolent life.
热带闷热的气候使得游客只能过懒散的生活。

短语：
indolent weather 令人困倦的潮湿天气
indolent ulcer² 慢性溃疡

佳句采摘：
About one in six people surveyed said if their remote control was broken, they would continue watching the same channel rather than get up.
调查显示，如果遥控器坏了，大约六分之一的人宁肯继续看原来的频道也懒得起身去换台。

1 obese   

adj.过度肥胖的，肥大的

参考例句：

• The old man is really obese,it can't be healthy.那位老人确实过于肥胖了，不能算是健康。
• Being obese and lazy is dangerous to health.又胖又懒危害健康。

2 ulcer   

n.溃疡，腐坏物

参考例句：

• She had an ulcer in her mouth.她口腔出现溃疡。
• A bacterium is identified as the cause for his duodenal ulcer.一种细菌被断定为造成他十二指肠溃疡的根源。