英国学生科学读本 第97期:人体(4)

 　　In the lungs the blood gets from the air-tubes the oxygen which it needs, 肺部的血液从气管中获取所需的氧气,

　　and the air takes from the blood hurtful things which it must get rid of, and which we breathe out with our breath. 而空气则将血液中的有毒物质通过呼吸排出体外。

　　Air flows into the lungs from the nose and the mouth by a strong pipe which you can feel in the front of your throat, and which is called the windpipe. 我们的喉咙前部长有一个结实的管状结构, 这就是气管, 空气通过鼻孔与嘴巴再流经气管到达肺部。

　　The lungs are the organs by which we breathe or respire, and so they are called the organs of respiration¹. 肺部就是我们用于呼吸的器官, 因此它们就被称作呼吸器官。

　　In the lower part of the trunk are several other organs, the most important of which is the stomach. 躯干的下部长有其他一些器官, 其中最重要的就是胃。

　　The stomach is joined to the mouth by a pipe called the gullet or food-pipe. 胃与嘴巴之间通过食道连接在一起。

　　When we swallow our food, it passes down the gullet into the stomach, and there it is dissolved or digested. 当我们吞咽食物时, 它们经过食道进入胃, 然后在那里被消化。

　　After this has been done, the food is ready to nourish² the body, and it passes through the sides of the stomach, 经过这个过程, 食物便能够为身体提供营养了,

　　and mixes with the blood in a great many little blood-vessels, which lie all round the stomach. 它们通过胃壁与众多毛细血管中的血液混合在一起。

　　Then the blood carries the digested food with it all over the body, and everywhere it helps to form new bones, and muscles, and nerves. 然后, 血液带着这些经过消化的食物流经全身, 它们在各个地方促进新的骨头、肌肉与神经的生长。

　　The stomach is aided in its work of digesting the food by a large organ called the liver, which lies close to the stomach on the right side; 胃的消化功能得到了肝脏的帮助, 这个巨大的器官长在胃的右下侧；

　　and there is a small organ called the pancreas, which also aids in this useful work. 另外还有一种名叫胰腺的器官也有助于食物的消化。

　　All these organs are called the organs of digestion³. 它们统称为消化器官。

　　But what are the organs by which we feel and think ? 那么, 我们用于感知和思考的器官是什么呢?

1 respiration   

n.呼吸作用；一次呼吸；植物光合作用

参考例句：

• They tried artificial respiration but it was of no avail.他们试做人工呼吸，可是无效。
• They made frequent checks on his respiration,pulse and blood.他们经常检查他的呼吸、脉搏和血液。

2 nourish   

vt.滋养，给予营养，养育，持有或怀有

参考例句：

• They needed good food to nourish their bodies.他们需要好食品滋养身体。
• I could find nothing to nourish my suspicion.我找不到任何怀疑的根据。

3 digestion   

n.消化，吸收

参考例句：

• This kind of tea acts as an aid to digestion.这种茶可助消化。
• This food is easy of digestion.这食物容易消化。