万物简史 第179期:爱因斯坦的宇宙(22)

 　　Slipher was the first to notice this effect with light and to realize its potential importance for understanding the motions of the cosmos¹. Unfortunately no one much noticed him. The Lowell Observatory², as you will recall, was a bit of an oddity thanks to Percival Lowell’s obsession³ with Martian canals, which in the 1910s made it, in every sense, an outpost of astronomical⁴ endeavor. Slipher was unaware⁵ of Einstein’s theory of relativity, and the world was equally unaware of Slipher. So his finding had no impact.

　　斯莱弗第一个注意到光的这种作用，意识到这对将来理解宇宙的运动十分重要。不幸的是，谁也没有太多注意他。你会记得，珀西瓦尔·洛厄尔在这里潜心研究过火星上的运河，因此洛厄尔天文台是个比较独特的地方。到了20世纪的前10年，它在任何意义上都成了研究天文的前哨阵地。斯莱弗不知道爱因斯坦的相对论，世界也同样不知道斯莱弗，因此，他的发现没有影响。

　　爱因斯坦珍贵照片

　　Glory instead would pass to a large mass of ego⁶ named Edwin Hubble. Hubble was born in 1889, ten years after Einstein, in a small Missouri town on the edge of the Ozarks and grew up there and in Wheaton, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago. His father was a successful insurance executive, so life was always comfortable, and Edwin enjoyed a wealth of physical endowments, too. He was a strong and gifted athlete, charming, smart, and immensely good-looking—"handsome almost to a fault," in the description of William H. Cropper, "an Adonis" in the words of another admirer. According to his own accounts, he also managed to fit into his life more or less constant acts of valor—rescuing drowning swimmers, leading frightened men to safety across the battlefields of France, embarrassing world-champion boxers⁷ with knockdown punches in exhibition bouts⁸. It all seemed too good to be true. It was. For all his gifts, Hubble was also an inveterate⁹ liar¹⁰.

　　荣誉反而属于一个非常自负的大人物，他的名字叫埃德温·哈勃。哈勃1889年生于欧扎克高原边缘的一个密苏里州小镇，比爱因斯坦小10岁；他在那里及芝加哥郊区伊利诺伊的惠顿长大。他的父亲是一名成功的保险公司经理，因此家里的生活总是很优裕。埃德温还天生有个好的身体。他是个有实力、有天赋的运动员，魅力十足，时髦潇洒，相貌堂堂——用威廉·H.克罗珀的话来说，“英俊到了不适当的程度”；用另一位崇拜者的话来说，“美得像美神阿多尼斯”。用他自己的话来说，他生活中还经常干一些见义勇为的事——抢救落水的人；领着吓坏了的人穿越法国战场，把他们带到安全的地方；在表演赛中几下子就把世界冠军级的拳击手打倒在地，弄得他们不胜难堪。这一切都好得简直令人难以置信，但都是真的。尽管才华出众，但哈勃也是个顽固不化的说谎大王。

1 cosmos   

n.宇宙；秩序，和谐

参考例句：

• Our world is but a small part of the cosmos.我们的世界仅仅是宇宙的一小部分而已。
• Is there any other intelligent life elsewhere in the cosmos?在宇宙的其他星球上还存在别的有智慧的生物吗？

2 observatory   

n.天文台，气象台，瞭望台，观测台

参考例句：

• Guy's house was close to the observatory.盖伊的房子离天文台很近。
• Officials from Greenwich Observatory have the clock checked twice a day.格林威治天文台的职员们每天对大钟检查两次。

3 obsession   

n.困扰，无法摆脱的思想(或情感)

参考例句：

• I was suffering from obsession that my career would be ended.那时的我陷入了我的事业有可能就此终止的困扰当中。
• She would try to forget her obsession with Christopher.她会努力忘记对克里斯托弗的迷恋。

4 astronomical   

adj.天文学的，（数字）极大的

参考例句：

• He was an expert on ancient Chinese astronomical literature.他是研究中国古代天文学文献的专家。
• Houses in the village are selling for astronomical prices.乡村的房价正在飙升。

5 unaware   

a.不知道的，未意识到的

参考例句：

• They were unaware that war was near. 他们不知道战争即将爆发。
• I was unaware of the man's presence. 我没有察觉到那人在场。

6 ego   

n.自我，自己，自尊

参考例句：

• He is absolute ego in all thing.在所有的事情上他都绝对自我。
• She has been on an ego trip since she sang on television.她上电视台唱过歌之后就一直自吹自擂。

7 boxers   

n.拳击短裤；（尤指职业）拳击手( boxer的名词复数 )；拳师狗

参考例句：

• The boxers were goaded on by the shrieking crowd. 拳击运动员听见观众的喊叫就来劲儿了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The boxers slugged it out to the finish. 两名拳击手最后决出了胜负。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 bouts   

n.拳击（或摔跤）比赛( bout的名词复数 )；一段（工作）；（尤指坏事的）一通；（疾病的）发作

参考例句：

• For much of his life he suffered from recurrent bouts of depression. 他的大半辈子反复发作抑郁症。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• It was one of fistiana's most famous championship bouts. 这是拳击界最有名的冠军赛之一。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

9 inveterate   

adj.积习已深的，根深蒂固的

参考例句：

• Hitler was not only an avid reader but also an inveterate underliner.希特勒不仅酷爱读书，还有写写划划的习惯。
• It is hard for an inveterate smoker to give up tobacco.要一位有多年烟瘾的烟民戒烟是困难的。

10 liar   

n.说谎的人

参考例句：

• I know you for a thief and a liar!我算认识你了，一个又偷又骗的家伙！
• She was wrongly labelled a liar.她被错误地扣上说谎者的帽子。