走进剑桥大学 第31期:女权主义者的声音

 Germaine Greer

女权主义者的声音

Germaine Greer (born 29 January 1939) is an Australian-born writer, academic, journalist and scholar of early modern English literature, widely regarded as one of the most significant feminist¹ voices of the later 20th century.

杰曼格里尔，出生在澳大利亚，她既是作家、学者和记者，也是早期现代英国文学的著名学者，并被广泛认为是20世纪后半叶最杰出的女权主义运动家之一。

Germaine Greer spent her formative years in an all-girl Catholic Academy, Then she was educated at Melbourne and Sydney Universities in Australia and in 1964 she left to England where she studied at Newnham College, Cambridge. In 1968 she received her Ph.D. and accepted a lectureship in English at the University of Warwick in Coventry. The same year, in London, she married Australian journalist Paul du Feu, but the marriage lasted only three weeks, during which, as she later admitted, Greer was unfaithful several times.

她在一所天主教女校里度过了成长时期。之后，她曾在澳大利亚的墨尔本和悉尼大学求学，1964年前往剑桥大学纽纳姆学院深造。1968年，她顺利拿到了博士学位，并获得了一个考文垂华威大学的讲师职位。同年，她与澳大利亚记者保罗在伦敦结婚，但这场婚姻只持续了3周，此后她承认，在这3周时间里，她曾经红杏出墙过几次。

With the publication of The Female Eunuch, she became a highly influential² figure in the sexual liberationist³ and feminist movements. The Female Eunuch explores the idea of continual female oppression arguing that society seeks to impose certain norms onto women's expected behavior. In the book Germaine argues it is time for women to get angry again and pursue greater independence away from the social pressures that exist The book relates women's sexual passivity of the day with that of a castrate, essentially⁴ sexless and it also turns her into a household name and bringing her both adulation and opposition⁵. Greer resigned her post at Warwick University in 1972 after travelling the world to promote her book. The media saw Germaine Greer as the high priestess of “women's lib” and her book as its bible. During the seventies, Greer remained in the public eye，encouraging women to seek out their own sexuality. In her sixties, Greer has published another book, The Whole Woman, Greer certainly does not avoid confrontation⁶, she once said: “The more people we annoy, the more we know we，re doing it right?”

随着《女太监》的出版，她成为在女性解放和妇女运动中一个十分有影响力的人物。《女太监》指出当前妇女在社会中仍然饱受压迫，社会总是想把一定的行为准则强加于女性。格里尔认为女性应该再次愤怒起来，去追求社会重压之外的更大程度的 独立性。这本书把当时妇女在性方面的被动性与阉割联系在一起，使她的名字家喻户晓，也给她带来了不少赞誉和批评。1972年，在前往世界各地对新书进行宣传后，格里尔辞去了华威大学的职位。媒体把杰曼格里尔誉为妇女解放运动的祭司，她的书就是整个运动的圣经。60多岁的时候，格里尔出版另一本书，名为《完整的女人》。 格里尔从不回避争议，她曾经说过：“被我们惹恼的人越多，就更说明了我们行为的合理性。”

Greer had attracted controversy⁷ in the Southern Hemisphere before. In 1972 she was fined in New Zealand $40 for offensive language. The incident surrounded a speech she gave attacking anti-abortion campaigners at Auckland's Town Hall, She was arrested for swearing during the speech.

她曾经在南半球遭到了反对。1972年她在新西兰演讲的时候因为“不雅之辞”被罚款40美金。这件事与她在奥克兰市政厅发表攻击反堕胎组织的言论有关。之后，她又因为在演讲中说脏话而被逮捕。

She has ever posed nude⁸ for the underground London magazine Oz on the understanding that the male editors would do likewise, but they did not.

她还曾为伦敦的地铁杂志《奥兹》做过裸体模特。她认为男性编辑也会这么做，但他们没有。

Greer is now retired⁹ but retains her position as Professor Emeritus¹⁰ in the Department of English Literature and Comparative Studies at the University of Warwick, Coventry. She has defined her goal as “women's liberation” as distinct from “equality with men”，

格里尔现在已经退休了，但仍在华威大学的英语文学和比较研究中心保留名誉教授的职位。她曾说过，自己的目标是“女性的解放”，这和“与男性平等”明显不同。

1 feminist   

adj.主张男女平等的，女权主义的

参考例句：

• She followed the feminist movement.她支持女权运动。
• From then on,feminist studies on literature boomed.从那时起，男女平等受教育的现象开始迅速兴起。

2 influential   

adj.有影响的，有权势的

参考例句：

• He always tries to get in with the most influential people.他总是试图巴结最有影响的人物。
• He is a very influential man in the government.他在政府中是个很有影响的人物。

3 liberationist   

（尤指妇女）解放论者

参考例句：

4 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

5 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

6 confrontation   

n.对抗，对峙，冲突

参考例句：

• We can't risk another confrontation with the union.我们不能冒再次同工会对抗的危险。
• After years of confrontation,they finally have achieved a modus vivendi.在对抗很长时间后，他们最后达成安宁生存的非正式协议。

7 controversy   

n.争论，辩论，争吵

参考例句：

• That is a fact beyond controversy.那是一个无可争论的事实。
• We ran the risk of becoming the butt of every controversy.我们要冒使自己在所有的纷争中都成为众矢之的的风险。

8 nude   

adj.裸体的；n.裸体者，裸体艺术品

参考例句：

• It's a painting of the Duchess of Alba in the nude.这是一幅阿尔巴公爵夫人的裸体肖像画。
• She doesn't like nude swimming.她不喜欢裸泳。

9 retired   

adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的

参考例句：

• The old man retired to the country for rest.这位老人下乡休息去了。
• Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。

10 emeritus   

adj.名誉退休的

参考例句：

• "Perhaps I can introduce Mr.Lake Kirby,an emeritus professor from Washington University?"请允许我介绍华盛顿大学名誉教授莱克柯尔比先生。
• He will continue as chairman emeritus.他将会继续担任荣誉主席。