走进耶鲁大学 第42期:非全自由式选课

 "Shopping" for the Class-But Not Totally at Your Pleasure

非全自由式选课

Yale has a unique style in her educational system which is known as the "shopping period". It is Yale's course selection period during the first two weeks of classes which allows you to participate in courses that interest you without enrolling² in them right away. By way of such "shopping period"，you get to know the essence of a subject whose course title sounds attractive; you get to find where your lifelong research interest lies.

耶鲁的教育体系有其别具一格的一面，那就是她的"试听阶段"。所谓的"选课试听阶段"指的是新学期伊始前两周的试听课阶段，这时你可以选择去试听自己感兴趣的课程, 而不用马上做出决定最终是否选修这门课程。通过这个独特的"试听阶段"，你开始真正了解一门课程名称很吸引人的课程的实质，你也会逐渐发现自己毕生的研究兴趣所在。

After you arrive on campus, you choose courses to visit during the course selection period. What's more, in the first five minutes of the class, whenever you feel the lecture is too boring for you to follow, you can leave the classroom at will. Then from those you visit, you will enroll¹ in four or five a semester. Please be aware that classes conducted during the first two weeks of the term are regular, full-fledged classes with readings and homework. Be prepared to keep up with assignments and participate fully³ in each class that you may wish to visit.

开学以后的选课阶段, 你可以随意选择去参加哪些课程。此外, 在课程的前五分钟， 如果你觉得这门课程太无聊了，那么你可以随意离开这个教室。接下来，每学期你都要从你试听的课程中选择四到五门来正式注册。试听课阶段的课程也是正式的常规课程的一部分，老师也会布置课下阅读和作业，所以一旦你想选某一门课，千万记得按时上课并完成课后作业。

However, in order to ensure that study is neither too narrowly focused nor too diffuse⁴， Yale College requires that study be characterized, particularly in the earlier years, by a reasonable diversity of subject matter and approach，and in the later years by concentration in one of the major programs or departments.

然而，为了确保学生的学习面既不过于狭窄也不过于分散，耶鲁学院要求学生在大学学习的前两年尽量选修丰富的学科门类，学习尽可能多样的研究方法，随后的学习时光则要求学生集中在自己的某个专业项目或是方向上。

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Students are required to take no fewer than two course credits in the humanities and arts, two course credits in the sciences, and two course credits in the social sciences. In addition to completing courses in these disciplinary areas, students must fulfill⁵ skills requirements by taking two course credits in quantitative⁶ reasoning, two course credits in writing, and courses to further their foreign language proficiency⁷. Depending on their level of accomplishment⁸ in foreign languages at matriculation, students may fulfill this last requirement with one, two, or three courses or by a combination of course work and approved study abroad. These foundational skills hold the key to many things students will want to know and do in later study and later life. The distributional requirements are the only specific rules limiting the selection of courses outside a student's major program.

学生要选修至少2学分的人文艺术类课程、2学分的自然科学课程以及2学分的社会科学课程。除此以外，学生还必须要通过修习2学分的定量推理课、2学分的写作课以及能够提高他们外语水平的外语课，通过这些课程的学习来达到对学生技能方面的要求。依据学生大学入学时的外语水平，学院会要求学生选修一门、两门或是三门外语课，或是让他们既修习课程又参加校方批准的出国留学来完成学院对外语方面的要求。这些基本技能对学生以后的学习和生活都至关重要。除学生的专业以外，学院对学生选课的惟一具体规定就是对课程分配方面的要求。

Besides the distributional requirements, you are free to pursue your own interests. There is no restriction⁹ in your choice of subjects other than your major-such a flexibility¹⁰ in class shopping. It is said that there are about two thousand subjects which cover nearly all fields of inquiry¹¹ available for the students to choose. With so many options, sometimes it is really difficult for you to make a decision as to which to follow, because most courses are so fascinating that you do not want to miss any of them.

除了对课程分配方面的强制规定外，你可以随意选择自己感兴趣的科目，即便是对你专业以外的课程学院也没有任何限制。据说耶鲁开设了 2000多门课程来供学生选择。面对这么多的选择，你有时很难决定到底要选哪几门课，因为大多数课程都是那么的吸引人，以至于你哪一节课都不想错过。

"Shopping" for the class is a pleasant academic travel, though it is not totally at your pleasure.

选课本身就是一次愉快的学术之旅，尽管你还不能完全随心所欲地去选择。

1 enroll   

v.招收；登记；入学；参军；成为会员（英)enrol

参考例句：

• I should like to enroll all my children in the swimming class.我愿意让我的孩子们都参加游泳班。
• They enroll him as a member of the club.他们吸收他为俱乐部会员。

2 enrolling   

v.招收( enrol的现在分词 )；吸收；入学；加入；[亦作enrol]( enroll的现在分词 )；登记，招收，使入伍（或入会、入学等），参加，成为成员；记入名册；卷起，包起

参考例句：

• They lashed out at the university enrolling system. 他们猛烈抨击大学的招生制度。 来自辞典例句
• You're enrolling in a country club, Billy. 你是注册加入乡村俱乐部了，比利。 来自辞典例句

3 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

4 diffuse   

v.扩散；传播；adj.冗长的；四散的，弥漫的

参考例句：

• Direct light is better for reading than diffuse light.直射光比漫射光更有利于阅读。
• His talk was so diffuse that I missed his point.他的谈话漫无边际，我抓不住他的要点。

5 fulfill   

vt.履行，实现，完成；满足，使满意

参考例句：

• If you make a promise you should fulfill it.如果你许诺了，你就要履行你的诺言。
• This company should be able to fulfill our requirements.这家公司应该能够满足我们的要求。

6 quantitative   

adj.数量的，定量的

参考例句：

• He said it was only a quantitative difference.他说这仅仅是数量上的差别。
• We need to do some quantitative analysis of the drugs.我们对药物要进行定量分析。

7 proficiency   

n.精通，熟练，精练

参考例句：

• He plied his trade and gained proficiency in it.他勤习手艺，技术渐渐达到了十分娴熟的地步。
• How do you think of your proficiency in written and spoken English?你认为你的书面英语和口语熟练程度如何？

8 accomplishment   

n.完成，成就，（pl.）造诣，技能

参考例句：

• The series of paintings is quite an accomplishment.这一系列的绘画真是了不起的成就。
• Money will be crucial to the accomplishment of our objectives.要实现我们的目标，钱是至关重要的。

9 restriction   

n.限制，约束

参考例句：

• The park is open to the public without restriction.这个公园对公众开放，没有任何限制。
• The 30 mph speed restriction applies in all built-up areas.每小时限速30英里适用于所有建筑物聚集区。

10 flexibility   

n.柔韧性，弹性，（光的）折射性，灵活性

参考例句：

• Her great strength lies in her flexibility.她的优势在于她灵活变通。
• The flexibility of a man's muscles will lessen as he becomes old.人老了肌肉的柔韧性将降低。

11 inquiry   

n.打听，询问，调查，查问

参考例句：

• Many parents have been pressing for an inquiry into the problem.许多家长迫切要求调查这个问题。
• The field of inquiry has narrowed down to five persons.调查的范围已经缩小到只剩5个人了。