走进耶鲁大学 第50期:艺术学院

 School of Art

艺术学院

The Yale School of Art is one of twelve constituent¹ schools of Yale University, granting only Masters of Fine Arts degrees to those completing studies in graphic² design, painting/ printmaking，photography, or sculpture.

耶鲁大学艺术学院是耶鲁大学12所学院之一，只对完成平面造型设计，绘画/版摄影和雕塑学习的学生授予美术硕士学位。

Any student applying to the school must have an exceptional undergraduate record as well as a complete body of work for presentation. This is further followed by an essay and recommendations from established members of the art world. The complete process for an applicant³ requires great preparation and the process must be completed in accordance with strict guidelines established by the school The Yale Daily News reported on Thursday, February 1，2007 that 1,215 applicants⁴ for its class of 2009 sought admission to fifty-five places. The Yale Alumni Magazine reported in its December 2008 issue that the School admitted sixty-five from among 1,142 applicants for its class of 2010.

任何学生申请艺术学院都必须具有优异的本科成绩以及全新的自我展现。此外还要有一篇论说文和艺术界人士的推荐信。对于申请人来说，一个完整的申请过程要有充分的准备而且要在学院严格的指引下进行。《耶鲁每日新闻》2007年2月1日报道说， 1215名申请人争取2009年的55名录取名额。《耶鲁校友》涂志2008年12月刊报道说， 艺术学院在1142名申请人中录取了65名。

Augustus Russell Street donated funds for the establishment of an art school in 1864. Yale alumnus Andrew Dickson White was petitioned by the school's faculty⁵ to become the first dean. When the School opened in 1869, it was the first of its kind affiliated⁶ with a tertiary institution in America. Classes in drawing, painting, sculpture, and art history were inaugurated.

奥古斯塔斯·罗素为1864年成立的艺术学院捐赠了资金。耶鲁大学校友安德鲁·迪克森·怀特被学院的教师推选为第一任院长。1869年艺术学院开放，成为美国高等教育机构成员的首家艺术学院，课程包括绘闺、雕塑和美术史。

Architectural instruction was begun in 1908 and was established as a department in 1916. Drama, under the direction of George Pierce Baker⁷ and with its own separate building, was added in 1925 and continued to function as a department of the School until it became an independent school in 1955. The department of graphic design was begun in 1951. It was the first graduate program in graphic design in the United States.

建筑教学开始于1908年，并于1916年设立建筑系。戏剧系由乔治·皮尔斯·贝克指导，有自己的独立系馆，于1925年加人，一直作为艺术学院的一个系直到1955年成为独立的学院。平面造型设计系于1951年开始设立。这是美国第一个平面设计研究生课程。

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In 1959 the School of Art and Architecture was made a fully⁸ graduate professional school. Four years later the Art and Architecture Building was opened to much controversy⁹. Designed by Paul Rudolph, it falls under the category of brutalism in modernist architecture.

1959年，艺术与建筑学院完全成为研究生专业学院。四年后艺术与建筑系馆的开放受到很大争议。由保罗·鲁道夫设计的系馆属于野兽派艺术的现代主义建筑的范畴。

In 1972 two separate schools, the School of Art and the School of Architecture, were established. They continued to share the Art and Architecture building until 2000. In 2000 a new building opened up for the art school near the Rudolph building. It is called Green Hall and houses BFA students and MFA students in photo and graphic design. The painting MFAs have their own building behind Green Hall, and the sculpture MFAs remain in Hammond Hall.

1972年，两个独立的学院，艺术学院和建筑学院分别成立。两个学院一直共同使用艺术与建筑系馆直到2000年。200年，在鲁道夫系馆旁为艺术学院建立的新系馆开放。被称为绿色大厅，供美术系学生和摄影及平面造型设计专业美术硕士学生使用。 绘画专业美术硕士有自己的教学楼，位于绿色大厅后面。雕塑专业美术硕士仍然在使用哈蒙德大厅作为教学楼。

The degree of Master of Fine Arts is the only degree offered by the School of Art. It is conferred upon recommendation of the faculty after successful completion of all course work in residence and after a faculty-approved thesis presentation. The minimum residence requirement is two years. All candidates' work is reviewed by faculty at the end of each term. The graduate student's primary educational experience is centered on studio activity. Supporting this are structured courses such as drawing, filmmaking, and so on.

艺术学院惟一授予的学位是美术硕士学位。学生在校期间顺利完成了所有的课程, 并且论文获得教师认可后，通过教师的推荐获得学位。学生最短的在校期为两年。所有学生的作业都由教师在每学期结束时审查。研究生的主要学习体验集中在活动工作室。在活动工作室中教授的课程有绘画，电影制作等

1 constituent   

n.选民；成分，组分；adj.组成的，构成的

参考例句：

• Sugar is the main constituent of candy.食糖是糖果的主要成分。
• Fibre is a natural constituent of a healthy diet.纤维是健康饮食的天然组成部分。

2 graphic   

adj.生动的，形象的，绘画的，文字的，图表的

参考例句：

• The book gave a graphic description of the war.这本书生动地描述了战争的情况。
• Distinguish important text items in lists with graphic icons.用图标来区分重要的文本项。

3 applicant   

n.申请人，求职者，请求者

参考例句：

• He was the hundredth applicant for the job. 他是第100个申请这项工作的人。
• In my estimation, the applicant is well qualified for this job. 据我看, 这位应征者完全具备这项工作的条件。

4 applicants   

申请人，求职人( applicant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• There were over 500 applicants for the job. 有500多人申请这份工作。
• He was impressed by the high calibre of applicants for the job. 求职人员出色的能力给他留下了深刻印象。

5 faculty   

n.才能；学院，系；(学院或系的)全体教学人员

参考例句：

• He has a great faculty for learning foreign languages.他有学习外语的天赋。
• He has the faculty of saying the right thing at the right time.他有在恰当的时候说恰当的话的才智。

6 affiliated   

adj. 附属的, 有关连的

参考例句：

• The hospital is affiliated with the local university. 这家医院附属于当地大学。
• All affiliated members can vote. 所有隶属成员都有投票权。

7 baker   

n.面包师

参考例句：

• The baker bakes his bread in the bakery.面包师在面包房内烤面包。
• The baker frosted the cake with a mixture of sugar and whites of eggs.面包师在蛋糕上撒了一层白糖和蛋清的混合料。

8 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

9 controversy   

n.争论，辩论，争吵

参考例句：

• That is a fact beyond controversy.那是一个无可争论的事实。
• We ran the risk of becoming the butt of every controversy.我们要冒使自己在所有的纷争中都成为众矢之的的风险。