走进耶鲁大学 第48期:建筑学院

 School of Architecture

建筑学院

The Yale School of Architecture is one of the constituent¹ professional schools of Yale University. It is generally considered one of the most prestigious² architecture schools in the world.

耶鲁大学建筑学院是耶鲁大学专业学院之一，被人们普遍认为是世界上最负盛名的建筑学院之一。

Art was first taught at an American college or university in 1869 when the Yale School of the Fine Arts was established. The Department of Architecture was established in the School of the Fine Arts in 1916. In 1972 Yale designated the School of Architecture as its own separate professional school. The School is housed in the masterwork of architect Paul Rudolph, the Yale Art and Architecture Building.

耶鲁大学艺术学院于1869年成立时为全美首个艺术学院，并于1916年成立建筑系。1972年，耶鲁大学将建筑学院定为独立的专业学院。系馆是由建筑师保罗·鲁道夫设计的著名的耶鲁大学艺术与建筑系馆。

In addition to offering a course of study for undergraduates in Yale College which leads to a Bachelor of Arts, the school awards the graduate degrees of Master of Architecture, Master of Environmental Design. The School of Architecture and the School of Management offer a joint-degree program leading to the degrees of Master of Architecture and Master of Business Administration (M.B.A.). The School of Architecture and the School of Forestry³ & Environmental Studies offer a joint-degree program leading to the degrees of Master of Architecture and Master of Environmental Management (M.E.M.).

建筑学院除了为耶鲁学院毕业生提供课程，还授予建筑硕士和环境设计硕士学位。建筑学院和管理学院提供联合学位课程，授予建筑及下商管理硕士。建筑学院和林业与环境研究学院提供联合学位课程，授予建筑及环境管理硕士学位。

The task of architecture is the creation of human environments. It is both an expression of human values and a context for human activity. Through the design process, architecture addresses the interrelated environmental, behavioral, and cultural issues that underlie⁴ the organization of built form. The student of architecture is called upon to direct sensitivity, imagination, and intellect to the physical significance of these fundamental issues in designing a coherent environment for people. Architectural design as a comprehensive creative process is the focus of the Yale School of Architecture.

建筑的任务是对人类环境的创造。这既是对人类价值的体现，也是对人类活动与其中的环境的体现。通过设计过程，建筑强调出环境、行为和文化因素的相互关联， 这些内素揭示了建筑的组织形式。建筑学院的学生要有设计出人类和谐环境所应具备的基本要素的敏锐的直观、想象力和聪颖的头脑。建筑设计作为综合性的创意过程是耶鲁大学建筑学院的焦点所在。

School of architecture adopts as basic policy a pluralistic approach to the teaching of architecture. Students have opportunities to become well acquainted with a wide range of contemporary design approaches. As reflected in its current faculty⁵ roster⁶, the Yale School of Architecture is particularly noted⁷ for the extreme ideological⁸, aesthetic，and theoretical diversity of its professors. Accordingly, the School has made a strong commitment to not promote a single style or methodology of studying architecture, but to help each student to discover his or her own method of design.

学院采用多元化的建筑专业教学方针。学生有机会充分了解到现代建筑流派。正如在其目前的教师名册中所提到的，耶鲁大学建筑学院以其教授的思想、审美和理论的多样性著称。因此，学院强烈声明，不会推动单一的建筑风格或学习方法，而是帮助每一个学生发现自己独特的设计方法。

Since 1967，the Yale School of Architecture has offered its first-year students the unique chance to design and build a structure as part of their graduate education. Unique among architecture schools, this program is mandatory⁹ for all members of the class.

自1967年以来，耶鲁大学建筑学院为一年级学生提供了设计与建造结构的独特机会，并作为其研究生教育的一部分。与其他建筑学校不同的是，这个项目对班级中所有学生都是强制的。

More recently, the focus is on affordable¹⁰ housing. The houses allow students the experience of working with a client and the opportunity to respond to the challenges of affordable housing and urban infill. Students have shown great enthusiasm for these projects focusing on community development. Many of them arrive at school with a desire to include such socially responsible work in their future professional lives. Having the opportunity to participate in the design and construction of such building projects often reinforces their conviction and inspiration to do so.

最近，焦点在于经济适用房。这些房子让学生得到与客户工作的体验，并使他们有机会回应经济适用房和城市工作提出的挑战。这些学生表现出对社区发展项目的极大热情。他们中许多人冋到学校后，决心将这种带有社会责任感的工作融人今后的职业生涯。有机会参与这样的设计和建造工程的施工大大增强了他们的信念和灵感

1 constituent   

n.选民；成分，组分；adj.组成的，构成的

参考例句：

• Sugar is the main constituent of candy.食糖是糖果的主要成分。
• Fibre is a natural constituent of a healthy diet.纤维是健康饮食的天然组成部分。

2 prestigious   

adj.有威望的，有声望的，受尊敬的

参考例句：

• The young man graduated from a prestigious university.这个年轻人毕业于一所名牌大学。
• You may even join a prestigious magazine as a contributing editor.甚至可能会加入一个知名杂志做编辑。

3 forestry   

n.森林学；林业

参考例句：

• At present, the Chinese forestry is being at a significant transforming period. 当前, 我国的林业正处于一个重大的转折时期。
• Anhua is one of the key forestry counties in Hunan province. 安化县是湖南省重点林区县之一。

4 underlie   

v.位于...之下，成为...的基础

参考例句：

• Technology improvements underlie these trends.科技进步将成为此发展趋势的基础。
• Many facts underlie my decision.我的决定是以许多事实为依据的。

5 faculty   

n.才能；学院，系；(学院或系的)全体教学人员

参考例句：

• He has a great faculty for learning foreign languages.他有学习外语的天赋。
• He has the faculty of saying the right thing at the right time.他有在恰当的时候说恰当的话的才智。

6 roster   

n.值勤表，花名册

参考例句：

• The teacher checked the roster to see whom he would teach this year.老师查看花名册，想了解今年要教的学生。
• The next day he put himself first on the new roster for domestic chores.第二天，他把自己排在了新的家务值日表的第一位。

7 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

8 ideological   

a.意识形态的

参考例句：

• He always tries to link his study with his ideological problems. 他总是把学习和自己的思想问题联系起来。
• He helped me enormously with advice on how to do ideological work. 他告诉我怎样做思想工作，对我有很大帮助。

9 mandatory   

adj.命令的；强制的；义务的；n.受托者

参考例句：

• It's mandatory to pay taxes.缴税是义务性的。
• There is no mandatory paid annual leave in the U.S.美国没有强制带薪年假。

10 affordable   

adj.支付得起的，不太昂贵的

参考例句：

• The rent for the four-roomed house is affordable.四居室房屋的房租付得起。
• There are few affordable apartments in big cities.在大城市中没有几所公寓是便宜的。