商业周刊:2050万美国人失业预示着更多的痛苦即将来临(2)

The pandemic's initial tremors¹ hit those least able to absorb the blow,

这场流行病最初的震动对那些最无力承受打击的人造成重创，

with April's job losses concentrated in lower-wage labor², from hospitality to retail³ and restaurants.

4月份的失业集中于酒店业、零售业和餐饮业中，赚取低工资的劳动者。

In May, layoffs⁴ will extend further into white-collar positions, according to Lydia Boussour of Oxford⁵ Economics.

牛津经济学院（Oxford Economics）的丽迪娅·布索表示，5月份，裁员将进一步扩大到白领阶层。

The April report "really reflects the first-round effect of the Covid-19 crisis,

她说，4月份的报告“真实地反映了新冠肺炎疫情危机的第一轮影响，

so all these industries that are really on the front line were directly hit by the lockdowns and fear," she said.

因此所有这些真正处于一线的行业，都直接受到了封锁和恐惧的打击”。

In May, the job losses will likely be in the "second-round" of companies including more professional positions, corporate⁷ offices, and higher-earners, she said.

她说，今年5月，失业可能会出现在“第二轮”公司中，包括更专业的职位、集团办公室和高收入者。

With stimulus⁸ checks from the U.S. government making up a smaller share of income for such people,

由于美国政府的经济刺激计划，在这些人的收入中所占份额较小，

the deepening employment hole could fan calls for a fourth round of fiscal⁹ aid from Congress -- on top of trillions of dollars already dispatched.

就业缺口的加深可能会促使国会呼吁在已经发放的数万亿美元的基础上，再提供第四轮财政援助。

The Federal Reserve is likely to keep pumping money into the economy while leaving interest rates near zero for an extended period.

美联储可能继续向经济体注入资金，同时将利率长期维持在接近零的水平。

There's also risk in coming months that a recession will morph into a deeper depression,

未来几个月，如果第二波感染在一些州重新开放后再次终止商业活动，经济衰退也有可能演变成更严重的经济萧条，

or a prolonged and sustained downturn -- if a second wave of infections closes down business again after some states reopen.

或是长期持续的衰退。根据穆迪公司的分析，这种可能性越来越大，

That's becoming more and more likely, according to Moody's Analytics, which projects a peak unemployment rate in May of about 17%.

该公司预计5月份失业率将达到17%左右的峰值。

Stock investors¹⁰ have largely looked past the dire⁶ economic news, with equities¹¹ rallying since late March.

股市投资者基本上忽略了这一可怕的经济消息，股市自3月下旬以来一直在反弹。

The S&P 500 was higher on Friday and on track for a 3% weekly gain, while the yield on benchmark 10-year Treasuries¹² rose and the Bloomberg dollar index pared its decline.

标普500指数上周五上涨，有望实现3%的周涨幅，而基准10年期美国国债收益率上升，彭博美元指数回落。

What Bloomberg's Economists¹³ Say

彭博社经济学家们的说法

"The extent of job losses is consistent with Bloomberg Economics' modeling of a near 40% contraction¹⁴ in real GDP for the quarter.

“失业的程度与彭博社经济学家们对本季度实际GDP收缩近40%的预测一致。

While layoffs were concentrated in sectors¹⁵ such as restaurants, hospitality and leisure, losses occurred in nearly all subcategories.

虽然裁员集中在餐饮、酒店和休闲等行业，但几乎所有子类别都出现了亏损。

The breadth of job losses is a jarring signal of the massive challenge of restarting vast swaths of the economy -- not just a few sectors

失业率的大幅下降是一个令人不安的信号，表明重新大范围启动济，而不仅是重启少数行业存在的巨大挑战。

-- and it therefore serves as a stark¹⁶ indication that a 'V-shaped' recovery will not be possible."

因此，这是一个明显的迹象，表明“V型”复苏是不可能的。”

1 tremors   

震颤( tremor的名词复数 )； 战栗； 震颤声； 大地的轻微震动

参考例句：

• The story was so terrible that It'sent tremors down my spine. 这故事太可怕，它使我不寒而栗。
• The story was so terrible that it sent tremors down my spine. 这故事太可怕，它使我不寒而栗。

2 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

3 retail   

v./n.零售；adv.以零售价格

参考例句：

• In this shop they retail tobacco and sweets.这家铺子零售香烟和糖果。
• These shoes retail at 10 yuan a pair.这些鞋子零卖10元一双。

4 layoffs   

临时解雇( layoff的名词复数 )； 停工，停止活动

参考例句：

• Textile companies announced 2000 fresh layoffs last week. 各纺织公司上周宣布再次裁员两千人。
• Stock prices broke when the firm suddenly announced layoffs. 当公司突然宣布裁员时，股票价格便大跌

5 Oxford   

n.牛津（英国城市）

参考例句：

• At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。
• This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。

6 dire   

adj.可怕的，悲惨的，阴惨的，极端的

参考例句：

• There were dire warnings about the dangers of watching too much TV.曾经有人就看电视太多的危害性提出严重警告。
• We were indeed in dire straits.But we pulled through.那时我们的困难真是大极了，但是我们渡过了困难。

7 corporate   

adj.共同的，全体的；公司的，企业的

参考例句：

• This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
• His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。

8 stimulus   

n.刺激，刺激物，促进因素，引起兴奋的事物

参考例句：

• Regard each failure as a stimulus to further efforts.把每次失利看成对进一步努力的激励。
• Light is a stimulus to growth in plants.光是促进植物生长的一个因素。

9 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

10 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

11 equities   

普通股，股票

参考例句：

• These are invested mainly in the OECD bonds and equities. 这些资产主要投资于经济合作及发展组织的债券与股票市场。
• They are also advantage of the global rebound in equities. 它们还在利用全球股市反弹的机会。

12 treasuries   

n.（政府的）财政部( treasury的名词复数 )；国库，金库

参考例句：

• Yields on Treasuries, Bunds and gilts can remain at historically low levels. 美国国债、德国国债和英国国债的收益率仍然可以维持在历史低位。 来自互联网
• Treasuries and gold rose in response but the dollar fell sharply. 接着，国债和黄金的价格上涨，而美元价格则猛跌。 来自互联网

13 economists   

n.经济学家，经济专家( economist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The sudden rise in share prices has confounded economists. 股价的突然上涨使经济学家大惑不解。
• Foreign bankers and economists cautiously welcomed the minister's initiative. 外国银行家和经济学家对部长的倡议反应谨慎。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 contraction   

n.缩略词，缩写式，害病

参考例句：

• The contraction of this muscle raises the lower arm.肌肉的收缩使前臂抬起。
• The forces of expansion are balanced by forces of contraction.扩张力和收缩力相互平衡。

15 sectors   

n.部门( sector的名词复数 )；领域；防御地区；扇形

参考例句：

• Berlin was divided into four sectors after the war. 战后柏林分成了4 个区。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Industry and agriculture are the two important sectors of the national economy. 工业和农业是国民经济的两个重要部门。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

16 stark   

adj.荒凉的；严酷的；完全的；adv.完全地

参考例句：

• The young man is faced with a stark choice.这位年轻人面临严峻的抉择。
• He gave a stark denial to the rumor.他对谣言加以完全的否认。