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袭击事件后以巴关系高度紧张

More Israeli security forces were deployed¹ Tuesday after clashes with Palestinian demonstrators and knife attacks in which an Israeli soldier and civilian² were killed.

以色列和巴勒斯坦地区发生的一系列袭击导致紧张局势升级。有几名以色列人和巴勒斯坦人在袭击中死亡。

These followed incidents in which Palestinians drove vehicles into pedestrians³ at public transportation stops, killing⁴ two people and injuring a dozen more. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu on Monday night had promised a tough response.

这些袭击的导火索是耶路撒冷圣地的争议升级，但是也包括以色列在约旦河西岸的定居点建设项目，以及恢复巴以和平进程的失败。在巴勒斯坦示威者和警察冲突、有人持刀偷袭杀死一名以色列军人和一名平民之后，以色列当局部署了安全部队。在此之前，发生了巴勒斯坦人开车冲撞公交站台行人的事件，撞死两人，撞伤12人。以色列总理内塔尼亚胡周一晚上表示要对此做出强硬的回应。

"We will fight against the incitement⁵ from the Palestinian Authority with agents from extremist Islam," Netanyahu said. "We will act decisively against the rioters calling for Israel's annihilation."

他说：“我们将打击被伊斯兰教极端分子渗透的巴勒斯坦权力机构的煽动行为。我们将果断采取行动应对叫嚣要毁灭以色列的暴徒。”

Palestinians accuse Netanyahu's government of incitement by failing to stop visits by right-wing Israelis to the al-Aqsa Mosque⁶ Compound, or Temple Mount, which is revered⁷ by both Muslims and Jews.

巴勒斯坦人指责说，以色列政府未能阻止以色列右翼前往被穆斯林和犹太人尊崇的阿克萨清真寺或圣殿山，这是煽动行为。

Anger over what is seen as the Israeli government's neglect of predominantly Arab East Jerusalem is another major factor, according to the director of the International Peace and Cooperation Institute, Rami Nasrallah.

国际和平与合作研究所主任拉米?纳斯鲁拉称，引起愤怒的另一主要因素是以色列政府对于阿拉伯人占多数的东耶路撒冷的忽视。

"We have a crisis in Jerusalem, and the crisis is mainly related to the education issue, to the socioeconomic reality of the Palestinians," Nasrallah said. "These people have no hope, and no one talks about this."

他说：“耶路撒冷有一场危机，这场危机主要和教育问题和巴勒斯坦人的社会经济现实有关。这些人不抱希望，也没有人谈论这个问题。”

Some are calling the attacks the beginning of a third intifada, or uprising. But the collapse⁸ of the Israeli-Palestinian peace talks in April has changed the situation, said retired⁹ Hebrew University professor Mati Steinberg.

一些人把这次袭击称为“第三次起义”的开端。希伯来大学退休教授马蒂?斯坦伯格说，4月份以巴和谈破裂使局面发生了变化。

"The two earlier intifadas took place in the context of some expectation that these uprisings will lead towards a kind of a (political) settlement," Steinberg said. "Now this time, it's in the context of total despair."

他说： “前两次起义的发生是因为人们期待这些暴动会导致（政治）解决。而这一次，人们完全绝望了。”

Nasrallah said many in East Jerusalem, especially young Arabs, increasingly feel they have nothing to lose.

纳斯鲁拉说，东耶路撒冷的一些人，特别是年轻的阿拉伯人，越来越感觉他们已经没有什么可失去的了。

"People are concerned about their future in Jerusalem," he said. "You see the boycott¹⁰ of Israeli products, of Israeli  (establishments). You see more and more segregation¹¹ and separation in Jerusalem. You can feel the tension in the air."

 “在耶路撒冷人们关心自己的未来，”他说，“在这里，你可以看到对于以色列产品和场所的抵制，和越来越多的种族隔离。你可以感受到紧张气氛。”

Nasrallah noted¹² that any dispute over Jerusalem's holy sites angers Muslims worldwide. And he worries that continued clashes could turn the Israeli-Palestinian conflict from a political dispute into a religious one.

他说，任何关于耶路撒冷圣地的争议都会惹怒全世界的穆斯林。他担心，如果冲突继续下去，会将以巴矛盾从政治争端变成宗教争端。