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泰缅边境毒品贸易创新高

According to a new United Nations report, seizures¹ of illegal methamphetamine drugs around the world last year reached a new high, in response to the growing supply and demand of the illegal drugs in East and Southeast Asia. On the Thai-Burma border, authorities are witnessing the rise firsthand.

根据联合国一份最新报告，东亚和东南亚对非法毒品供求不断增长，因此去年全球查获的非法毒品甲基苯丙胺（冰毒）的数量达到新高。当地的官员实地目睹了毒品贸易的增加。

Along the Thai-Burmese border, regional trade has increased as countries reduce taxes and trade barriers to encourage growth.

在泰缅边境一带，为了鼓励发展，各国间削减关税和贸易壁垒，区域贸易得以增长。

But the strategy of encouraging openness by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations also means increased drug trafficking.

但是，东盟鼓励开放的战略也意味着毒品走私的增加。

In Thailand alone, amphetamine seizures have quadrupled since 2008, according to the United Nations’ just released report on the global trade in synthetic² drugs.

根据联合国刚刚公布的全球合成毒品贸易的报告，仅在泰国，2008年以来，当局查获的安非他命就增加了四倍。

Those numbers worry Region Five Narcotics³ Control Board Director Suchip Kotcharin.

这一数字令区域禁毒董事会董事哥差林感到担忧。

“In Thailand, we are concerned about the opening of the border because it will increase access for illegal labor⁴ and businesses, particularly drug trafficking will be a huge problem as drugs pass through en route to other countries in Southeast Asia,” said Suchip.

哥差林说：“在泰国，我们担心开放边界会导致非法劳工和贸易的增加，尤其是毒品走私会是个很大问题，毒品经过泰国转运到东南亚其他国家。”

Drug trafficking is nothing new in the so-called "Golden Triangle," where the production and transport of opium⁵ and amphetamines has thrived for decades in Burma’s lawless frontier, large parts of which are controlled by ethnic⁶ armies.

在所谓的“金三角”毒品走私司空见惯，在由少数民族军队控制的缅甸边境线一带，没有法治，鸦片和冰毒的生产和运输盛行了数十年。

Some analysts⁷, including author Bertil Lintner, think the recent spike⁸ in production is due in part to the push for control by the Burmese government.

包括林特纳在内的一些分析人士说，最近毒品生产陡增的部分原因是缅甸政府为了控制局面而出台的一些政策。

“Since 2011, the government has tried to lure⁹ many of the rebel groups, various armed groups back into what they call the legal fold, essentially¹⁰ to neutralize¹¹ them as a potential threat to the central government. But in order to do so, they must offer them something in return,” said Lintner.

林特纳说：“2011年以来，政府一直在设法吸引很多反政府武装组织、各种武装团伙回归到他们所说的法律范围来，主要是要消除他们对中央政府的潜在威胁。但是为了这样做，政府必须给他们什么东西作为交换。”

Authorities hope that opening up the ethnic regions of Burma to trade will increase job opportunities. Many living there now have few employment options.

当局希望，开放缅甸少数民族区域贸易将增加就业。但是很多目前居住在那里的人几乎找不到任何工作。

Shan Herald¹² Agency News founder¹³ Kuensai Jaiyen, who fled his country in 1996, said the only way to reduce drug production will be to end the conflict and then deliver jobs.

掸邦先驱通讯社创始人寨仁1996年逃出缅甸。他说，减少毒品生产的唯一办法是结束冲突，提供就业。

“The biggest challenge of course is that we must have peace and rule of law first. And to achieve peace a political settlement must take place. However, we have to take into account that the peace must not be an enforced one,” said Kuensai.

寨仁说： “最大的挑战是，我们必须首先有和平与法治。但是为了实现和平，必须要实现政治解决。然而，我们必须要记住，和平是不能强迫的。”

As Burma’s ethnic regions continue negotiations¹⁴ with the government, the country and its neighbors face a growing problem as a destination for synthetic drugs.

缅甸的少数民族区域在继续同政府谈判的时候，缅甸及其邻国作为合成毒品的目的地，正面临越来越严重的问题。