外贸英语话题王 第57期:国际贸易法律

 　　The legal asoects of international business 国际贸易法律

　　Today,we have invited a special guest. Prof. Yang.  今天，我们邀请到一位特殊的嘉宾，杨教授。

　　He us some advice on the leaal asoects of international business. 他将在国际贸易法律方面给我们一些建议。

　　Your international legal advice is important to our business well being.  您的建议对我们来说是非常重要的。

　　Please give us some counsels on such issues as which laws govern the contract,  请在诸如合同有哪些适用法律，

　　what recourse is available for default or breach¹ of contract by our clients or what to do if a dispute arises. 客户违约时我们能获得什么样的追索权，如果有争议该怎么办等问题上给以咨询意见

　　The significance of understanding the nuance² and distinctions of foreign customs and business practices are a continual challenge for global entrepreneurs and trader.  重要的是理解涉外关税和贸易实务的细微差别，这对全球企业家和贸易者来说是持续的挑战。

　　Despite many countries accession to WTO membership, trade and investment frictions³ are still predominant among existing membership.  尽管许多国家成为世贸成员国，但是贸易和投资摩擦一直存在于成员国之间。

　　However, these frictions will be better managed under the WTO trade rules and the organization's dispute settlement mechanism⁴. 然而，这些摩擦将会在世贸规则和该组织的争论处理机制得到更好的处理。

　　In spite of this, international business contracts and  arrangement must be precise, specific and all-inclusive  尽管如此，国际贸易合同和协议必须严谨、明确、全面，

　　to lessen⁵ misunderstanding, misconceptions and disagreements to the minimum。 从而使误解、错误降到最小。

　　Problem and disputes occur mainly due to difference in the laws of countries involved.  出现问题和争论主要是因为各国的法律不同。

　　For this very reason, it is imperative⁶ to establish from the outset which law governs when disputes arise.  正因为这个原因从一开始建立争论出现时哪部法律适用这个问题是至关重要的。

　　The most fundamental principle of all international contracts is the applicable laws and regulations.  所有国际合同的最基本原则是可实施的法律法规。

　　Make sure that the arbitration⁷ clause in your business contract be all-inclusive. 必须明确你们的商 务合同中的仲裁条款应包括一切。

　　How can we protect our patents and trade market abroad? 怎样保护我们的海外专利和商标？

　　Yes, it will be your utmost interest to protect your intellectual property such as your innovations, idea, designs and copyrights in your target country. 是的，在目标国家的知识产权保护，如创新理念，设计和版权等是你们的最大的利益。

　　As you know, our main focus is to penetrate⁸ the markets of countries in Asia.  正像你知道的，我们主要聚焦亚洲一些国家的市场。

　　What is the current legal framework in the countries? 那些国家现行法律准则是什么？

　　The lack of regulatory transparency was a problem and still is to some extent.  过去缺乏透明的法规是个问题，从某种程度上说现在仍然如此。

　　However, the countries are moving forward  deepen their reforms,  然而，这些国家不断深化他们的改革，

　　new changes will involve the establishmer of legal structures to sustain high levels of foreign as well a domestic private investments.  新的变化将涉及立法机构的建立以支持高水平的以及国内私人投资。

　　This will surely strengthen the law and  regulations in the countries, especially, areas related to trade issues. 这些都加强这些国家的法律法规，尤其是涉及贸易问题方面：

　　Several years ago, the countries and China singed⁹ memoran dums of understanding,  几年前，这些国家和中国签署了谅解备忘录，

　　pursuant to which the countries will improve their laws goverment intellectual property rights protection over the following two to three years. 规定那些国家将在随后的两三年里监管知识产权保护方面的法律监管。

　　Precisely¹⁰, the actions the countries have committed to take are consistent with WTO agreement. 准确来说，是那些国家采取的措施成就了世贸协议。

1 breach   

n.违反，不履行；破裂；vt.冲破，攻破

参考例句：

• We won't have any breach of discipline.我们不允许任何破坏纪律的现象。
• He was sued for breach of contract.他因不履行合同而被起诉。

2 nuance   

n.(意义、意见、颜色)细微差别

参考例句：

• These users will easily learn each nuance of the applications they use.这些用户会很快了解他们所使用程序的每一细微差别。
• I wish I hadn't become so conscious of every little nuance.我希望我不要变得这样去思索一切琐碎之事。

3 frictions   

n.摩擦( friction的名词复数 )；摩擦力；冲突；不和

参考例句：

• Family frictions can interfere with a child's schoolwork. 家庭中的争吵会影响孩子的学业。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• As far as we are concerned, these frictions are not of our own making [have been imposed on us]. 就我们来说，这种摩擦是被动式的。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

4 mechanism   

n.机械装置；机构，结构

参考例句：

• The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
• The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。

5 lessen   

vt.减少，减轻；缩小

参考例句：

• Regular exercise can help to lessen the pain.经常运动有助于减轻痛感。
• They've made great effort to lessen the noise of planes.他们尽力减小飞机的噪音。

6 imperative   

n.命令，需要；规则；祈使语气；adj.强制的；紧急的

参考例句：

• He always speaks in an imperative tone of voice.他老是用命令的口吻讲话。
• The events of the past few days make it imperative for her to act.过去这几天发生的事迫使她不得不立即行动。

7 arbitration   

n.调停，仲裁

参考例句：

• The wage disagreement is under arbitration.工资纠纷正在仲裁中。
• Both sides have agreed that the arbitration will be binding.双方都赞同仲裁具有约束力。

8 penetrate   

v.透(渗)入；刺入，刺穿；洞察，了解

参考例句：

• Western ideas penetrate slowly through the East.西方观念逐渐传入东方。
• The sunshine could not penetrate where the trees were thickest.阳光不能透入树木最浓密的地方。

9 singed   

v.浅表烧焦( singe的过去式和过去分词 )；（毛发）燎，烧焦尖端[边儿]

参考例句：

• He singed his hair as he tried to light his cigarette. 他点烟时把头发给燎了。
• The cook singed the chicken to remove the fine hairs. 厨师把鸡燎一下，以便去掉细毛。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

10 precisely   

adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地

参考例句：

• It's precisely that sort of slick sales-talk that I mistrust.我不相信的正是那种油腔滑调的推销宣传。
• The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。