英国卫报：60年来的气候变化警告：那些被忽视的迹象(5)

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In 1968 he had written an essay called How to Wreck¹ the Environment, imagining a future in which we had resolved threats of nuclear war but instead weaponised the weather.

1968年，他写了一篇名为《如何破坏环境》的文章，想象在未来，我们已经解决了核战争的威胁，但却将天气武器化。

“In the decade since,” Rich writes, “MacDonald had grown alarmed to see humankind accelerate its pursuit of this particular weapon of mass destruction, not maliciously², but unwittingly.”

“在此后的十年里，里奇写道，麦克唐纳看到人类加速追求这种特殊的大规模杀伤性武器，不是恶意的，而是不知不觉的，这让他越来越感到震惊。”

More importantly, MacDonald was also a “Jason” – a member of a secret group of elite³ scientists who met regularly to give the government advice, outside of the public eye.

更重要的是，麦克唐纳还是一个 "杰森"--一个由精英科学家组成的秘密小组的成员，他们定期开会，在公众视野之外向政府提供建议。

The Jason group had met to discuss carbon dioxide and climate change in the summers of 1977 and 1978, and MacDonald had appeared on US TV to argue that the earth was warming.

1977年和1978年的夏天，杰森小组曾开会讨论二氧化碳和气候变化，麦克唐纳曾在美国电视上出现，论证地球正在变暖。

You might imagine there was some culture clash between Pomerance, a Friends of the Earth lobbyist, and MacDonald, a secret military scientist, but they made a powerful team.

你可以想象，地球之友的说客Pomerance和秘密军事科学家麦克唐纳之间会有一些文化冲突，但他们是一个强大的团队。

In an episode described in Losing Earth, they got a meeting with Frank Press, the president’s science advisor⁴, who brought along the entire senior staff of the US Office of Science and Technology.

在《失去地球》一书中描述的一个情节中，他们得到了与总统科学顾问弗兰克-普雷斯的会面，后者带来了美国科技办公室的所有高级工作人员。

After MacDonald outlined his case, Press said he would ask the former head of the meteorology department at MIT, Jule Charney, to look into it.

在麦克唐纳概述了他的情况后，普雷斯说他将要求麻省理工学院气象系的前主任朱勒-查尼调查此事。

If Charney said a climate apocalypse was coming, the president would act.

如果查尼说气候启示录即将到来，总统就会采取行动。

“The scientists summoned by Jule Charney arrived with their wives, children, and weekend bags at a three-story mansion⁵ in Woods Hole, on the southwestern spur of Cape⁶ Cod,” Rich writes.

"被朱尔-查尼召集的科学家们带着他们的妻子、孩子和周末的行李来到科德角西南支线上伍兹霍尔的一座三层楼的豪宅，"里奇写道。

Charney’s brief was to assemble atmospheric⁷ scientists to check the Jasons’ report, and he invited two leading climate modellers to present the results of their more detailed⁸, richer models:

查尼的任务是召集大气科学家来检查杰森的报告，他邀请了两位领先的气候建模师来介绍他们更详细、更丰富的模型的结果。

James Hansen at the Goddard Institute for Space Studies at Columbia University in New York, and Syukuro Manabe of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics⁹ Lab in Princeton.

纽约哥伦比亚大学戈达德空间研究所的詹姆斯-汉森，以及普林斯顿地球物理流体动力学实验室的Syukuro Manabe。

The scientists reviewed principles of atmospheric science and dialled in Hansen and Manabe.

科学家们回顾了大气科学的原则，并拨通了汉森和马纳比的电话。

The two models offered slightly different warnings about the future, and in the end, Charney’s group decided¹⁰ to split the difference.

这两个模型对未来提出了略微不同的警告，最后，查尼的小组决定将差异折中一下。

They felt able to say with confidence that the Earth would warm by about 3C in the next century, plus or minus 50% (that is, we would see warming between 1.5C or 4C).

他们认为可以有把握地说，在下个世纪，地球将变暖约3摄氏度，正负50%（也就是说，我们将看到升温幅度在1.5摄氏度或4摄氏度之间）。

In their report of November 1979, Science magazine declared: “Gloomsday predictions have no fault.”

在1979年11月的报告中，《科学》杂志宣布。“阴霾日的预测没有错”。

1 wreck   

n.失事，遇难；沉船；vt.(船等)失事，遇难

参考例句：

• Weather may have been a factor in the wreck.天气可能是造成这次失事的原因之一。
• No one can wreck the friendship between us.没有人能够破坏我们之间的友谊。

2 maliciously   

adv.有敌意地

参考例句：

• He was charged with maliciously inflicting grievous bodily harm. 他被控蓄意严重伤害他人身体。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• His enemies maliciously conspired to ruin him. 他的敌人恶毒地密谋搞垮他。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

3 elite   

n.精英阶层；实力集团；adj.杰出的，卓越的

参考例句：

• The power elite inside the government is controlling foreign policy.政府内部的一群握有实权的精英控制着对外政策。
• We have a political elite in this country.我们国家有一群政治精英。

4 advisor   

n.顾问，指导老师，劝告者

参考例句：

• They employed me as an advisor.他们聘请我当顾问。
• The professor is engaged as a technical advisor.这位教授被聘请为技术顾问。

5 mansion   

n.大厦，大楼；宅第

参考例句：

• The old mansion was built in 1850.这座古宅建于1850年。
• The mansion has extensive grounds.这大厦四周的庭园广阔。

6 cape   

n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风

参考例句：

• I long for a trip to the Cape of Good Hope.我渴望到好望角去旅行。
• She was wearing a cape over her dress.她在外套上披着一件披肩。

7 atmospheric   

adj.大气的，空气的；大气层的；大气所引起的

参考例句：

• Sea surface temperatures and atmospheric circulation are strongly coupled.海洋表面温度与大气环流是密切相关的。
• Clouds return radiant energy to the surface primarily via the atmospheric window.云主要通过大气窗区向地表辐射能量。

8 detailed   

adj.详细的，详尽的，极注意细节的，完全的

参考例句：

• He had made a detailed study of the terrain.他对地形作了缜密的研究。
• A detailed list of our publications is available on request.我们的出版物有一份详细的目录备索。

9 dynamics   

n.力学，动力学，动力，原动力；动态

参考例句：

• In order to succeed,you must master complicated knowledge of dynamics.要取得胜利，你必须掌握很复杂的动力学知识。
• Dynamics is a discipline that cannot be mastered without extensive practice.动力学是一门不做大量习题就不能掌握的学科。

10 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。