英国新闻听力 南非参加暴力示威士兵收到解雇信

The anti-corruption commission in Nigeria has filed criminal charges against four former executives of banks that are to be rescued to prevent the country’s financial system collapsing¹. From Lagos, here is Caroline Duffield.

A sight Nigerians never thought they’d see--top bankers on their way to court. The four sacked CEOs, Cecelia Ibru, Bartholomew Ebong, Okey Nwosu and Sebastian Adigwe all pleaded not guilty. They and their teams are accused of fraud, giving loans to fake companies, lending to businesses they had personal interest in, conspiring² with stock brokers³ to drive up share prices. There are many charges. The authorities here say that deals nearly destroyed five major banks.

A former trader at the French bank Societe Generale is to be put on trial charged with forgery⁴, breach⁵ of trust and unauthorized computer use. The bank announced losses of almost seven billion dollars in January of last year which it blamed entirely⁶ on Jerome Kerviel, a junior trader. He said his superiors were aware of his unauthorized trading.

America’s top general in Afghanistan has said the situation there is serious, but success is achievable with a revised strategy. General Stanley McChrystal has sent his review of the strategy against the Taliban to NATO secretary general and to the US defense⁷ secretary. Our Defense and Security correspondent Rob Watson reports.

General McChrystal’s prescriptions⁸ for turning things round smack⁹ of evolution rather than revolution. Senior Commanders have long understood that providing security and better government for most Afghans rather than waging war on the Taliban is the key to defeating the insurgency¹⁰. Indeed General McChrystal has already begun to pursue a strategy that put Afghan civilians¹¹ at the heart of NATO operations. More difficult is the notion of talking to the Taliban. Though most agree it’s a good idea, it is not clear who would do the talking and why the Taliban would listen given their belief they are winning.

Almost 7,000 South African soldiers who took part in an illegal demonstration¹² have been sent letters sacking them. Some 2,000 soldiers demanding a pay increase took part in the violent protest last week in the country’s administrative¹³ capital Pretoria. Karen Allan now reports.

The image of demonstrating soldiers clashing with the police in the heart of South Africa’s administrative capital sent shockwaves throughout the country. The defense minister, Lindiwe Sisulu has condemned¹⁴ their protest as disgraceful and a threat to national security. A spokesman for the South African National Defense Union says its members who receive letters have ten days to defend their actions. It’s seeking an urgent injunction in the High Court to stop soldiers from losing their jobs. It said the actions of the Defense Department will simply inflame¹⁵ tensions.

After almost a hundred years of hostility¹⁶, Turkey and Armenia have agreed to begin six weeks of consultations¹⁷ aimed at reestablishing diplomatic ties. The mass killing¹⁸ of Armenians by Ottoman Turks during world war one has been a highly sensitive issue with Turkey resisting widespread calls that it recognize the killings¹⁹ as genocide. Marks George has more.

In a joint²⁰ statement, Turkey and Armenia said the agreement would contribute to regional peace and stability. Consultations will take place over the next six weeks after which their respective parliaments would then be asked to ratify²¹ the protocols²². This is the latest stage of a road map agreed in April to normalize their troubled relations, but there is still no resolution to the issue of mass killings between 1915 and 1917. Turkey admits that many Armenians died at the time of upheaval²³ but argues that large numbers of Ottoman Turks also lost their lives.

A news agency in Iran has reported that the son of an advisor²⁴ to the defeated presidential candidate，arrested during the post selection protest died in a Tehran prison after being beaten. Officials had said Mohsen Ruholamini whose father advised the conservative candidate Mohsen Rezaie died of meningitis but the Mehr agency says a coroner’s report gives the main course of death as physical stress, frequent beatings and repeated blows.

The Brazilian President Luís Inácio Lula da Silva has announced plans that will give the state greater control over huge recently discovered oil fields. President Lula has described the offshore²⁵ reserves as Brazil’s passport to the future and wants the profits from them used to help tackle poverty.

And reports from Israel say a dispute over the refuse of three Jewish religious schools to admit a hundred pupils of Ethiopian origin has been resolved. Under a compromise agreed by the Education Ministry²⁶, the religious schools will take about half of the pupils while the rest will be placed in other institutions.

尼日利亚反腐委员会将起诉三名前银行高管。这些银行将接受中央银行救助，以免该国金融体系崩溃。拉各斯，Caroline Duffield报道。

尼日利亚人从来没想到会见到这种情景——高级银行家被送上法庭。被解雇的四名高管，Cecelia Ibru, Bartholomew Ebong, Okey Nwosu和Sebastian Adigwe都将请求无罪。他们及其团队被控诉欺诈，为虚假公司提供贷款，向与他们四人利益相关的企业提供贷款，与股票经纪人合谋抬高股价。还有许多项控告。尼日利亚当局称，这些幕后交易几乎将五大主要银行毁灭。

法国兴业银行Societe Generale前交易人员被控伪造、背信及未经授权使用计算机，将接受审判。该银行宣布，去年1月份亏损接近70亿美元，而这完全是因为初级交易员Jerome Kerviel。他说，对于他未经授权的交易，他的上司完全知晓。

美国驻阿富汗高级将军称，阿富汗形势严峻，但是通过修订策略，还是可以取得胜利。Stanley McChrystal将军已将其对抗塔利班分子的战略观点递交北约秘书长和美国国防部长。我们的国防安全记者Rob Watson报道。

McChrystal将军的策略主要侧重进化而不是革命。高级指挥官很早以前就认识到，向大多数阿富汗人提供更好的安全保障和更好的政府才是击败反叛分子的关键，而不是对塔利班分子发动战争。McChrystal的确已经开始追求一个将阿富汗平民放在北约行动中心的策略。更困难的是与塔利班分子对话的观念。尽管大多数人同意这是好的想法，但是谁来进行对话，以及如果塔利班分子认为他的信仰能够胜利，他们为什么会倾听，这些都不明晰。

参加非法示威活动的大约7,000名南非士兵收到解雇信。上周，2,000名士兵要求加薪，在该国行政首都比勒陀利亚参加了暴力抗议活动。Karen Allan报道。

参加示威的士兵与警方之间冲突的照片在全国范围引起冲击。南非国防部长Lindiwe Sisulu称这次抗议是可耻的，是危害国家安全的。南非国防军工会发言人称，收到解雇信的人有十天的时间对自己的行为作出辩护。工会向最高法院寻求紧急禁令，防止士兵丢掉工作。工会称，国防部的行为只会加剧紧张形势。

经历了大约100年的敌对之后，土耳其和亚美尼亚同意开始为期六周的会谈，旨在重新建立外交关系。第一次世界大战期间，奥斯曼突厥军队大规模杀害亚美尼亚人，这对土耳其来说一直是高度敏感的话题，他们一直不肯广泛承认这是种族灭绝式的屠杀。

在一份联合声明中，土耳其和亚美尼亚称，该协议将有助于区域性和平和稳定。会谈将于未来的六周举行，随后，受尊敬的议会将被要求批准该协议。 这是四月份为了使双方陷入僵局的关系正常化而达成协议的路线步骤，但是关于1915年至1917年的大屠杀还没有解决方案。土耳其承认，许多亚美尼亚人死于那次动乱，但是辩称大量奥斯曼突厥军队也丧失性命。

伊朗一家新闻机构报道称，被击败总统候选人一名顾问的儿子在总统选举后的抗议活动中被捕，因被殴打在监狱死亡。Mohsen Ruholamini的父亲为保守派候选人Mohsen Rezaie提供咨询。相关官员称，Mohsen Ruholamini死于脑膜炎，但是Mehr新闻社称，验尸官称死亡的主要原因是外部压力，频繁击打和重复打击。

巴西总统卢拉宣布新的计划，将使国家对最新发现的油田拥有更大的控制权。卢拉称海岸石油储备是巴西通往未来的护照，希望石油收益能够帮助解决贫穷问题。

来自以色列的报道称，由于三所犹太宗教学校拒绝100名埃塞俄比亚小学生就读而产生的争议已经解决。经过教育部的调解，这三所宗教学校将接纳一半小学生，而其他人则到其他学校就读。

1 collapsing   

压扁[平]，毁坏，断裂

参考例句：

• Rescuers used props to stop the roof of the tunnel collapsing. 救援人员用支柱防止隧道顶塌陷。
• The rocks were folded by collapsing into the center of the trough. 岩石由于坍陷进入凹槽的中心而发生褶皱。

2 conspiring   

密谋( conspire的现在分词 )； 搞阴谋； （事件等）巧合； 共同导致

参考例句：

• They were accused of conspiring against the king. 他们被指控阴谋反对国王。
• John Brown and his associates were tried for conspiring to overthrow the slave states. 约翰·布朗和他的合伙者们由于密谋推翻实行奴隶制度的美国各州而被审讯。

3 brokers   

n.（股票、外币等）经纪人( broker的名词复数 )；中间人；代理商；（订合同的）中人v.做掮客（或中人等）( broker的第三人称单数 )；作为权力经纪人进行谈判；以中间人等身份安排…

参考例句：

• The firm in question was Alsbery & Co., whiskey brokers. 那家公司叫阿尔斯伯里公司，经销威士忌。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
• From time to time a telephone would ring in the brokers' offices. 那两排经纪人房间里不时响着叮令的电话。 来自子夜部分

4 forgery   

n.伪造的文件等，赝品，伪造（行为）

参考例句：

• The painting was a forgery.这张画是赝品。
• He was sent to prison for forgery.他因伪造罪而被关进监狱。

5 breach   

n.违反，不履行；破裂；vt.冲破，攻破

参考例句：

• We won't have any breach of discipline.我们不允许任何破坏纪律的现象。
• He was sued for breach of contract.他因不履行合同而被起诉。

6 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

7 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

8 prescriptions   

药( prescription的名词复数 )； 处方； 开处方； 计划

参考例句：

• The hospital of traditional Chinese medicine installed a computer to fill prescriptions. 中医医院装上了电子计算机来抓药。
• Her main job was filling the doctor's prescriptions. 她的主要工作就是给大夫开的药方配药。

9 smack   

vt.拍，打，掴；咂嘴；vi.含有…意味；n.拍

参考例句：

• She gave him a smack on the face.她打了他一个嘴巴。
• I gave the fly a smack with the magazine.我用杂志拍了一下苍蝇。

10 insurgency   

n.起义；暴动；叛变

参考例句：

• And as in China, unrest and even insurgency are widespread. 而在中国，动乱甚至暴乱都普遍存在。 来自互联网
• Dr Zyphur is part an insurgency against this idea. 塞弗博士是这一观点逆流的一部分。 来自互联网

11 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

12 demonstration   

n.表明，示范，论证，示威

参考例句：

• His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
• He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。

13 administrative   

adj.行政的，管理的

参考例句：

• The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。
• He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。

14 condemned   

adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He condemned the hypocrisy of those politicians who do one thing and say another. 他谴责了那些说一套做一套的政客的虚伪。
• The policy has been condemned as a regressive step. 这项政策被认为是一种倒退而受到谴责。

15 inflame   

v.使燃烧；使极度激动；使发炎

参考例句：

• Our lack of response seemed to inflame the colonel.由于我们没有反应,好象惹恼了那个上校。
• Chemical agents manufactured by our immune system inflame our cells and tissues,causing our nose to run and our throat to swell.我们的免疫系统产生的化学物质导致我们的细胞和组织发炎，导致我们流鼻水和我们的喉咙膨胀。

16 hostility   

n.敌对，敌意；抵制［pl.］交战，战争

参考例句：

• There is open hostility between the two leaders.两位领导人表现出公开的敌意。
• His hostility to your plan is well known.他对你的计划所持的敌意是众所周知的。

17 consultations   

n.磋商（会议）( consultation的名词复数 )；商讨会；协商会；查找

参考例句：

• Consultations can be arranged at other times by appointment. 磋商可以通过预约安排在其他时间。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Consultations are under way. 正在进行磋商。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

18 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

19 killings   

谋杀( killing的名词复数 )； 突然发大财，暴发

参考例句：

• His statement was seen as an allusion to the recent drug-related killings. 他的声明被视为暗指最近与毒品有关的多起凶杀案。
• The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。

20 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

21 ratify   

v.批准，认可，追认

参考例句：

• The heads of two governments met to ratify the peace treaty.两国政府首脑会晤批准和平条约。
• The agreement have to be ratify by the board.该协议必须由董事会批准。

22 protocols   

n.礼仪( protocol的名词复数 )；（外交条约的）草案；（数据传递的）协议；科学实验报告（或计划）

参考例句：

• There are also protocols on the testing of nuclear weapons. 也有关于核武器试验的协议。 来自辞典例句
• Hardware components and software design of network transport protocols are separately introduced. 介绍系统硬件组成及网络传输协议的软件设计。 来自互联网

23 upheaval   

n.胀起，(地壳)的隆起；剧变，动乱

参考例句：

• It was faced with the greatest social upheaval since World War Ⅱ.它面临第二次世界大战以来最大的社会动乱。
• The country has been thrown into an upheaval.这个国家已经陷入动乱之中。

24 advisor   

n.顾问，指导老师，劝告者

参考例句：

• They employed me as an advisor.他们聘请我当顾问。
• The professor is engaged as a technical advisor.这位教授被聘请为技术顾问。

25 offshore   

adj.海面的，吹向海面的；adv.向海面

参考例句：

• A big program of oil exploration has begun offshore.一个大规模的石油勘探计划正在近海展开。
• A gentle current carried them slowly offshore.和缓的潮流慢慢地把他们带离了海岸。

26 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。