英语听力精选进阶版 10421

President Obama has said nearly 10,000 American troops will remain in Afghanistan next year, following the end of combat operations. He said the troops would advise the Afghan army and support counter-terrorism operations against Al-Qaeda. Here's Ali McBull.

奥巴马总统称近一万名美军明年战斗任务结束后将继续留在阿富汗，他说这支部队将为阿富汗军队提供咨询，并支持针对基地组织的反恐活动。Ali McBull报道。

The number of US troops President Obama says he wants to stay in Afghanistan after the end of this year is a little less than a third of the number there now. He says the combat mission would be over and the remaining 9,800 American military personnel would be involved in two main tasks: training the Afghan security forces and supporting them in their fight against the remnants of Al-Qaeda. But it's not all a done deal yet. The incoming Afghan President to be decided¹ in the elections in mid-June has to agree to US troops' staying, while President Obama doesn't want, as what happened in Iraq, what was a failure to come up with such an agreement, and what security has deteriorated² alarmingly, since the American withdrawal³.

奥巴马总统称，他希望明年留下的美军人数要略少于目前数目的三分之一，他说战斗任务届时将会结束，留下来的9800名美国军事人员将从事两大任务，一是培训阿富汗安全部队，二是支持他们打击基地组织余部。但这也不是定局，六月中旬选举出的下位阿富汗总统必须同意美军留下来，奥巴马总统不想让阿富汗走伊拉克的老路，当时由于未能达成此类协议，美军撤离后当地安全局势急剧恶化。

European Union leaders are meeting for the first time after elections that saw populous⁴ and far-right parties strengthened their position in the parliament of the 28-nation bloc⁵, leading to calls for a rethink of the EU. Chris Morris reports from Brussels.

人口众多的极右党派在欧盟这个28国集团议会中加强了地位，使得人们呼吁重新思考欧盟，为此，欧盟领导人在选举后首次举行会议。克里斯·莫里斯在布鲁塞尔报道。

Too big and too bossy⁶, said David Cameron of the EU; pay attention to what happened here in France, said President Hollande. EU leaders who suffered electoral defeats in the European elections say the union has to change. But how? Reforming Europe means different things to different people. Less regulation is popular in many quarters, but so is less austerity in others. There are a variety of reasons anti-establishment parties made gains in these elections, and there is no simple solution.

戴维·卡梅隆称欧盟太庞大太专横，而奥朗德总统称欧盟过多关注法国发生的事。在欧洲选举中失败的欧盟领袖们称欧盟必须改变，但如何改变？改革欧洲对不同的人来说有不同的意义。有的地区普遍存在监管不力，而有的地方紧缩不够。反权威的政党在选举中获得胜利有着多种原因，没有简单的解决办法。

Ukraine has summoned the Russian charge d'affaires to protest against what it called an incursion by armed terrorists from Russia. Border guards had earlier reported that a convoy⁷ of armed militants⁸ had crossed into the country. President Putin has meanwhile called on Kiev to stop its operations against pro-Russian separatists in the east of the country and start talk with them.

乌克兰召唤俄罗斯临时代办，抗议所谓俄罗斯武装恐怖分子的入侵。早些时候边界警卫报道称一支武装队伍越境进入本国，普京总统同时呼吁基辅停止在该国东部针对亲俄分裂分子的行动，并开始与他们进行对话。

Cameroon has deployed⁹ about 1,000 troops to its border with Nigeria, in response to the growing threat from the Islamic group Boko Haram. Will Ross reports from Abuja.

由于伊斯兰博科圣地组织的威胁加剧，喀麦隆调遣1000名士兵到与尼日利亚接壤处。威尔·罗斯在阿布贾报道。

Security sources have told the BBC that a group of well-armed Boko Haram fighters attacked the town of Buni Yadi in Yobe State overnight. Civilians¹⁰ were apparently¹¹ told not to panic by the insurgents¹² who targeted the security forces. Ten soldiers were killed and 14 policemen. Buni Yadi is a notoriously volatile¹³ area; it's where dozens of school boys were killed in their dormitory last February. The almost daily attacks in northeast Nigeria show the massive task the Nigerian military faces.

安全部队告诉BBC，一群装备精良的博科圣地武装分子夜晚袭击了约贝州Buni Yadi镇，叛军袭击了安全部队，显然还告知平民不要惊慌。10名士兵和14名警察被杀。Buni Yadi镇是臭名昭著的动乱地区，就在这里今年2月份数十名男生在宿舍被杀。尼日利亚东北部几乎每天都有袭击发生，这表明尼日利亚军队面临着巨大挑战。

The Egyptian election commission has told the BBC that voting in the presidential election has been extended by a day and will continue on Wednesday. The decision comes after a lower-than-expected turnout over two days of polling. Despite a national holiday in Tuesday and free public transport, many polling stations remained empty for parts of the day. The former army chief Abdul Fattah al-Sisi is widely expected to win the vote.

埃及选举委员会告诉BBC将把总统选举的投票延长一天，将继续到周三。此前两天的投票率比料想到要低，尽管周二是法定假日，且公共交通免费，很多投票站在一天很多时候空无一人。一般预料前陆军参谋长赛西将军将赢得选举。

Officials in Somalia say at least 36 people have been killed in a fighting between the Islamic group Al Shabaab and government troops backed by Ethiopian forces. The governor of the town of Ato said al Shabaab fighters attacked a military camp at dawn on Tuesday. He said fierce fighting ensued with Ethiopian and government troops suffering heavy casualties.

索马里官方称，伊斯兰阿尔沙巴布组织和埃塞俄比亚军队支持下的政府军作战，至少36人丧生。Ato州州长称阿尔沙巴布武装分子周二凌晨袭击了一个军事基地，他说随后就发生了战斗，埃塞俄比亚和政府军伤亡惨重。

The governor of the Bank of England has warned against the dangers of what he called unchecked market fundamentalism. Speaking at a London conference about inclusive capitalism¹⁴, Mark Carney said increasing inequality was posing a threat to the unappealing society. He called for a more ethical¹⁵ culture in the financial sector¹⁶.

英格兰银行行长警告所谓不加控制的市场原教旨主义危险，马克·卡尼在伦敦一次会议上提到包容性资本主义，他说不公平的加剧对这个无吸引力的社会构成了威胁，他呼吁金融领域加强道德文化建设。

The combination of unbridled faith in financial markets prior to the crisis and the recent demonstrations¹⁷ of corruption¹⁸ in some of these markets has eroded¹⁹ our social capital. When combined with the longer-term pressures of globalization and technology on the basic social contract, an unstable²⁰ dynamic of declining trust in the financial system and a growing exclusivity of capitalism threatens. In order to counter this, rebuilding social capital is paramount²¹.

危机前金融市场肆无忌惮的信心和最近一些市场上的腐败现象腐蚀了我们的社会资本，如果再加上全球化的长期压力和基本的社会契约方面的技术，那么金融体系就会出现诚信衰落的不稳定局面，同时资本主义的排他性也会构成威胁。为了遏制这种局面，重构社会资本是重要任务。

The Brazilian city of Manaus which will host four matches in June's Football World Cup has instituted a state of emergency because the fears of flooding. The decision was made after the water level in the Rio Negro reached more than 29 meters. The authority says the situation should not affect World Cup matches.

由于担心洪灾发生，将在6月份足球世界杯中举办4场比赛的巴西城市玛瑙斯颁布进入紧急状态。当时里约热内卢的水位已经涨到29米多，当局称目前的局面应该不会影响世界杯赛事。

1 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

2 deteriorated   

恶化，变坏( deteriorate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Her health deteriorated rapidly, and she died shortly afterwards. 她的健康状况急剧恶化，不久便去世了。
• His condition steadily deteriorated. 他的病情恶化，日甚一日。

3 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

4 populous   

adj.人口稠密的，人口众多的

参考例句：

• London is the most populous area of Britain.伦敦是英国人口最稠密的地区。
• China is the most populous developing country in the world.中国是世界上人口最多的发展中国家。

5 bloc   

n.集团；联盟

参考例句：

• A solid bloc of union members support the decision.工会会员团结起来支持该决定。
• There have been growing tensions within the trading bloc.贸易同盟国的关系越来越紧张。

6 bossy   

adj.爱发号施令的，作威作福的

参考例句：

• She turned me off with her bossy manner.她态度专橫很讨我嫌。
• She moved out because her mother-in-law is too bossy.她的婆婆爱指使人,所以她搬出去住了。

7 convoy   

vt.护送，护卫，护航；n.护送；护送队

参考例句：

• The convoy was snowed up on the main road.护送队被大雪困在干路上了。
• Warships will accompany the convoy across the Atlantic.战舰将护送该船队过大西洋。

8 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

9 deployed   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
• The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。

10 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

11 apparently   

adv.显然地；表面上，似乎

参考例句：

• An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。
• He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。

12 insurgents   

n.起义，暴动，造反( insurgent的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The regular troops of Baden joined the insurgents. 巴登的正规军参加到起义军方面来了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Against the Taliban and Iraqi insurgents, these problems are manageable. 要对付塔利班与伊拉克叛乱分子，这些问题还是可以把握住的。 来自互联网

13 volatile   

adj.反复无常的，挥发性的，稍纵即逝的，脾气火爆的；n.挥发性物质

参考例句：

• With the markets being so volatile,investments are at great risk.由于市场那么变化不定，投资冒着很大的风险。
• His character was weak and volatile.他这个人意志薄弱，喜怒无常。

14 capitalism   

n.资本主义

参考例句：

• The essence of his argument is that capitalism cannot succeed.他的论点的核心是资本主义不能成功。
• Capitalism began to develop in Russia in the 19th century.十九世纪资本主义在俄国开始发展。

15 ethical   

adj.伦理的，道德的，合乎道德的

参考例句：

• It is necessary to get the youth to have a high ethical concept.必须使青年具有高度的道德观念。
• It was a debate which aroused fervent ethical arguments.那是一场引发强烈的伦理道德争论的辩论。

16 sector   

n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形

参考例句：

• The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
• The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。

17 demonstrations   

证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威

参考例句：

• Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
• The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。

18 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

19 eroded   

adj. 被侵蚀的，有蚀痕的 动词erode的过去式和过去分词形式

参考例句：

• The cliff face has been steadily eroded by the sea. 峭壁表面逐渐被海水侵蚀。
• The stream eroded a channel in the solid rock. 小溪在硬石中侵蚀成一条水道。

20 unstable   

adj.不稳定的，易变的

参考例句：

• This bookcase is too unstable to hold so many books.这书橱很不结实，装不了这么多书。
• The patient's condition was unstable.那患者的病情不稳定。

21 paramount   

a.最重要的，最高权力的

参考例句：

• My paramount object is to save the Union and destroy slavery.我的最高目标是拯救美国，摧毁奴隶制度。
• Nitrogen is of paramount importance to life on earth.氮对地球上的生命至关重要。