英语四级语法关键句（4）

 　　56. "not…because…"，有时可否定前面，有时可否定because本身，往往出现歧义。应根据上下文面判定。

　　In 1600 the earth was not the center of the universe because the majority then supposed it was; nor, because she had more readers, was Ella wheeler Wilcox a better poet than Father Hopkins.

　　57. "so…that, such…that"是一个普通的句型，但在同一个句子里有两处使用它却比较少见。

　　The truth is, that in one point of view, this matter of national literature has come to such a pass with us, that in some sense we must turn bullies¹, else the day is lost, or superiority so far beyond us, that we can hardly say it will ever be ours.

　　58. "by doing…"结构。这个结构的意思是"通过（做）……"，但翻译实践中不能拘泥于这种释义，不少情况下需要灵活变通。

　　The hippos, by depositing dung in the water, fed the fish that support the storks² that destroy the rare trees.

　　59. 下面例句为一倒装句，主语很长，而且又含有非常复杂的句型。这是以形容词作表语的倒装，翻译实践中多把倒装部分译到最前面。

　　No less obvious is the fact there are great numbers of people so constituted or so brought up that they cannot get so much pleasure out of process and experiences resulting in a poorer life less full of meaning.

　　60. "what…of"句型

　　I can not say of myself what Johnson said of Pope: He never passed a fault unamended by indifference³, nor quitted it by despair. I do not write as I do; I write as I can.

　　61. 英语的一个习惯用法是：当否定谓语think（believe）时，实际上是否定其后面的宾语从句。否定就落在宾语从句上。这样宾语从句就变成了双重否定，译时可以按双重否定译，也可按肯定来译。

　　It is a valuable work. I do not think anyone writes so well that he cannot learn much from it.

　　62. "to have not…(as) to see…"中的不定式也有否定意味。

　　He had not the good breeding to see that simplicity⁴ and naturalness are the truest marks of distinction.

　　63. "It occurred to sb. that…"意为"突然想到"，"It dawned on sb.that…"."突然想起"等。 从句是想起的内容。

　　I remember once being on a bus and looking at a stranger. He suddenly looked back at me-i.e.our eyes met. My instinctive⁵ reaction was to avert⁶ my gaze. It occurred to me that if I had continued to maintain eye contact, I would have been rude and aggressive.

　　64. "It follows that…"="It happens as a result…"常常被译为"由此可见"，"因此"，"从前"，"可以推断"等等。

　　It follows that the housewife will also expect to be able to have more leisure in her life without lowering her standard of living. It also follows that human domestic servants will have completely ceased to exist.

　　65. "that’s all there is to it "，意思是"也不过如此而已"。可根据上下文视情况处理。

　　If I’m touched, I’m touched-that’s all there is to it.

　　66. "The chances are that…"是一句型，译为"有可能……"。

　　The chances are you will never attempt that speed with poetry or want to race though some passages in fiction over which you wish to linger.

　　67. Feel, see, leave引起宾语的宾语补足语，或在被动语态中引起主语补足语的某些惯用句型，有时see和feel这两个词的被动式不大好译。遇到这种情况应挖掘其深层含义，不要拘泥于表面形式。

　　The education of the young is seen to be of primary importance.

　　68. 某此以no, nowhere, never, not…bout, not…any, nothing but, hardly, scarcely, seldom等否定词语引出的一些结构。

　　I never go past the theatre but I think of his last performance.

　　69. 某些用choice between, to know better, whether or, should have avoided(或done better)等表示从两种做法中选取一种更好的做法

　　Then we are faced with a choice between using technology to provide and fulfil needs which have hitherto been regarded as unnecessary or, on the other hand, using technology to reduce the number of hours of work which a man must do in order to earn a given standard of libing.

　　70. 某些省略情况，应清单确认省略的内容。

　　The country had grown rich, its commerce was large, and wealth did its natural work in making life softer and more worldly, commerce in deprovincializing the minds of those engaged in it.

　　71. 修饰成分（包括定语、定语从句、同位语从句等）多而长。

　　Across the court from the Manhattan apartment that I have occupied for the past few years is a dog that often hurls⁷ insults into the darkness, a few of which my dog refuses to accept and makes a tart⁸ reply.

　　72. 一些外位语，所谓外位修饰，指从句子结构和内容上不起主要信息表达功能的部分。其作用是从语气和连接上下文等方面进行补充。在翻译成汉语时，往往可独立成句，外形上不保留修饰的痕迹。

　　Of course, nobody was hurt this time, because we had all been to dinner, none of us being novices⁹ excepting Hastings; and he having been informed by the minister at the time that he invited him that in deference¹⁰ to the English custom the had not provided any dinner.

1 bullies   

n.欺凌弱小者, 开球 vt.恐吓, 威胁, 欺负

参考例句：

• Standing up to bullies takes plenty of backbone. 勇敢地对付暴徒需有大无畏精神。
• Bullies can make your life hell. 恃强欺弱者能让你的日子像活地狱。

2 storks   

n.鹳( stork的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Meg and Jo fed their mother like dutiful young storks. 麦格和裘像一对忠实的小鹳似地喂她们的母亲。 来自辞典例句
• They believe that storks bring new babies to the parents' home. 他们相信白鹤会给父母带来婴儿。 来自互联网

3 indifference   

n.不感兴趣，不关心，冷淡，不在乎

参考例句：

• I was disappointed by his indifference more than somewhat.他的漠不关心使我很失望。
• He feigned indifference to criticism of his work.他假装毫不在意别人批评他的作品。

4 simplicity   

n.简单，简易；朴素；直率，单纯

参考例句：

• She dressed with elegant simplicity.她穿着朴素高雅。
• The beauty of this plan is its simplicity.简明扼要是这个计划的一大特点。

5 instinctive   

adj.(出于)本能的；直觉的；(出于)天性的

参考例句：

• He tried to conceal his instinctive revulsion at the idea.他试图饰盖自己对这一想法本能的厌恶。
• Animals have an instinctive fear of fire.动物本能地怕火。

6 avert   

v.防止，避免；转移(目光、注意力等)

参考例句：

• He managed to avert suspicion.他设法避嫌。
• I would do what I could to avert it.我会尽力去避免发生这种情况。

7 hurls   

v.猛投，用力掷( hurl的第三人称单数 )；大声叫骂

参考例句：

• Jane really hurls herself into learning any new song, doesn't she? 对任何新歌，简都会一心一意去学，对吗？ 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The necromancer hurls a bolt of dark energies against his enemies. 亡灵法师向对手射出一道带着黑暗能量的影束。 来自互联网

8 tart   

adj.酸的；尖酸的，刻薄的；n.果馅饼；淫妇

参考例句：

• She was learning how to make a fruit tart in class.她正在课上学习如何制作水果馅饼。
• She replied in her usual tart and offhand way.她开口回答了，用她平常那种尖酸刻薄的声调随口说道。

9 novices   

n.新手( novice的名词复数 )；初学修士（或修女）；（修会等的）初学生；尚未赢过大赛的赛马

参考例句：

• The Russians are such novices in Africa. 在非洲的俄国人简直都是些毫无经验的生手。 来自辞典例句
• Where the primary track all novices, screams everywhere, ha ha good terror. 那里的初级道上全是生手，到处都是尖叫声，哈哈好恐怖的。 来自互联网

10 deference   

n.尊重，顺从；敬意

参考例句：

• Do you treat your parents and teachers with deference?你对父母师长尊敬吗？
• The major defect of their work was deference to authority.他们的主要缺陷是趋从权威。