如何实现新年目标，心理学家给你答案

 　　Learn Spanish? Finally quit smoking? Become a better cook? Whatever you've decided¹ to achieve next year, you know all too well that you're probably going to fail, and that list of beautiful, aspirational² goals is staying unfulfilled. Sorry.

　　想要学好西班牙语？下定决心彻底戒烟？希望厨艺有所进步？不管来年的目标是什么，你再清楚不过了，这些目标很可能都不会实现。那一个个怀揣着美好希望和满腔斗志的目标终究还是“目标”，无法实现。多么遗憾！

　　For this very reason some people forgo³ making any resolutions altogether, so we're here to help - this year you might actually have a chance, with help from a few tricks of the mind.

　　正因如此，一些人干脆打消了制定目标的念头。但不用着急，本文会和大家分享几个“小窍门”，让实现目标成为可能。

　　British psychologist Richard Wiseman has done several surveys on willpower - in 2007 he tracked the success of 3,000 people's New Year's resolutions, only to find that a mere⁴ 12 percent of them managed to achieve what they had set out to do. He looked into what the successful people were doing differently, and, based on their experience, devised a list of tips for others who want to stop failing miserably⁵.

　　英国心理学家理查德·怀斯曼做过很多关于意志力的调查。2007年，他对3000人进行了追踪调查，统计他们新年目标的实现情况，结果仅有12%的人完成了自己之前制定的目标。他又对成功实现目标的人做了进一步调查，发现了一些与众不同的方法，最后他通过实验得出了几条建议，来帮助那些一度无法实现目标的人。

　　如何实现新年目标，心理学家给你答案

　　Before we get into the list, it turns out the number one thing to stop relying on is your own willpower - that's basically the worst approach to keeping a resolution, and is the reason why so many of us never start exercising more, continue eating all that fried chicken, and still can't speak a word of French.

　　在学习这些“窍门”之前，你要意识到无法实现目标的“罪魁祸首”就是依赖于意志力，这可以说是最差劲的办法。想想你为什么无法加强锻炼，无法抗拒炸鸡的诱惑，无法说出一句法语，症结就在于此吧。

　　What should you be doing instead? As Wiseman explained on his blog back in 2013, your goals should be small and manageable, you should document your success, tell others about your intentions, and, importantly, not beat yourself up for failing. Here’s the complete list of Wiseman’s advice:

　　那么，你应该怎么做呢？早在2013年怀斯曼就在博客上给出了答案：目标不必太大，要在能力范围内，而且应该记录下目标实现的过程，告诉别人你要做什么，最重要的是，不要被失败击倒。下面是怀斯曼给出的十大建议：

　　1) If possible, make only one resolution - changing a lot of things at once is more difficult.

　　尽可能只制定一个目标。一次性做太多改变是相当困难的。

　　2) Think about your resolutions in advance, and spend some time to reflect on them.

　　提前想好目标，然后花点时间好好地反复考虑。

　　3) Don’t re-visit past failures, but focus on new resolutions instead.

　　不要执着于之前的失败，而要专注于当下的目标。

　　4) Focus on what you really want - don’t just go with what’s trendy.

　　认准真正想要的，不要随波逐流。

　　5) Break your goal into manageable, concrete steps with specific deadlines.

　　将目标细化成一个个可达到的小目标，在规定时间内完成相应任务。

　　6) Go public - tell your friends, family, social networks about your goals, which will increase your fear of failure and also garner⁶ support.

　　开诚布公，把目标告诉朋友，家人以及社交圈，这样会增加对失败的惧怕，同时得到他们的支持。

　　7) Create a checklist focusing on how much better your life will be once you’ve achieved your goals.

　　一旦达成目标，列一张清单，展现现在的生活中好的改变。

　　8) Whenever you make progress on the steps towards your goal, give yourself a small reward.

　　只要取得了离目标更近的进步，哪怕一点点，都应给自己一点奖励。

　　9) Document your journey - charts, spreadsheets, journals and other means of tracking your progress will keep it concrete.

　　记录目标实现的过程：用图表，电子表格，日记等等记录下这段经历可以将目标具体化。

　　10) Don’t beat yourself up and quit if you sometimes revert⁷ to old habits - treat it as a temporary setback⁸.

　　即使时常会犯老毛病，不要气馁，将它看成是暂时的挫折。

　　Good luck in 2016!

　　祝君2016年梦想成真！

　　Vocabulary

　　forgo: 放弃；对……断念

　　garner: 获得；使聚集

1 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

2 aspirational   

志同的，有抱负的

参考例句：

• Most of the images that bombard us all are aspirational. 轰击的图像，我们都期望最大。
• Analysts said self-help and aspirational reading could explain India's high figures. 分析师们指出，自助读书、热爱读书是印度人均读书时间超过别的国家的主要原因。

3 forgo   

v.放弃，抛弃

参考例句：

• Time to prepare was a luxuary he would have to forgo.因为时间不够，他不得不放弃做准备工作。
• She would willingly forgo a birthday treat if only her warring parents would declare a truce.只要她的父母停止争吵，她愿意放弃生日宴请。

4 mere   

adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过

参考例句：

• That is a mere repetition of what you said before.那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
• It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer.再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。

5 miserably   

adv.痛苦地；悲惨地；糟糕地；极度地

参考例句：

• The little girl was wailing miserably. 那小女孩难过得号啕大哭。
• It was drizzling, and miserably cold and damp. 外面下着毛毛细雨，天气又冷又湿，令人难受。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 garner   

v.收藏；取得

参考例句：

• He has garnered extensive support for his proposals.他的提议得到了广泛的支持。
• Squirrels garner nuts for the winter.松鼠为过冬储存松果。

7 revert   

v.恢复，复归，回到

参考例句：

• Let us revert to the earlier part of the chapter.让我们回到本章的前面部分。
• Shall we revert to the matter we talked about yesterday?我们接着昨天谈过的问题谈，好吗？

8 setback   

n.退步，挫折，挫败

参考例句：

• Since that time there has never been any setback in his career.从那时起他在事业上一直没有遇到周折。
• She views every minor setback as a disaster.她把每个较小的挫折都看成重大灾难。