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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
任何作品均有特定的文体,原文的文体不同,翻译方法也随之而异。试观察下列几个片断的原文及其译文"It appears that you’ve got the offer of a very good job.""A wonderful job.""Are you going to take it?""I don’t think so.""Why not?’
"I don’t want to.""听说有个很好的工作要你去干。""挺好的工作"。
"打算干吗?""不。""为什么不干?""不想干"。
摘自《刀锋》(The Razor’s Edge )这是小说中的一段对说,属于口语文体。其特点是:用词自由,句法结构简单,短句与省略句多,自然朴素,生活气息浓厚。在译文中进一步体现汉语口语的特点,省去主语"你"、"我";将英语的一个句子I don’t think so.干脆译成一个字"不",显得简洁有力。
She was of a helpless, fleshy build, with a frank, open countenance1 and an innocent, diffident manner. Her eyes were large and patient, and in them dwelt such a shadow of distress2 as only those who have looked sympathetically into the countenances3 of the distraught and helpless poor know anything about.
那妇人生着一副绵软多肉的体格,一张坦率开诚的面容,一种天真羞怯的神气。一双大落落的柔顺眼睛,里边隐藏着无穷的心事,只有那些对于凄惶无告的穷苦人面目作过同情观察的人才看得出来。
摘自(珍妮姑娘)(Jennie Gerhardt),傅东华译.上面五十一个词的片断,就运用了十个形容词,占五分之一。"and in then dwelt such a shadow of distress"是非常优美生动的文学语言,译文保持了一风格。
MONTREAL-Clark Johns accomplished4 a spectacular debut5 for his NHL career tonight, the first score launching a four -point first period out burst, to lead the Johnson City High Hats to a 6:4 victory over the Montreal Teals and their eighth consecutive6 game without a loss.
[蒙特利尔电]在全国手球联赛中克拉克约翰斯今晚初试锋芒,引起轰动。上半场领先四分,首开记录。克拉克发挥中坚作用,约翰逊市高帽队终以6:4击败蒙特利尔市小鸭队,创造了连胜八场未负一场的战绩。
这是属于应用文的新闻文体,其特点是简明扼要,短小精悍,结构紧凑,笔锋犀利。上述这则电讯只有一个句子,却把一场球赛描绘得淋漓尽致,富于吸引力。
The range of a voltmeter may be extended by means of a series resistor called a multiplier as shown in Fig7.2.The full-scale reading of the meter alone may be 15volts.With the multiplier 250volts may be required to move the pointer to full-scale, 135 volts8 across the multiplier and 15volts across the meter.
从上述的一段科技文章,不难看出其文体与修辞手段与前面列举的文艺小说,新闻报道等迥然不同。科技文体崇尚严谨周密,概念准确,逻辑性强,行文简练,重点突出,句式严整,少有变化,常用前置性陈述,即在句中将主要信息尽量前置,通过主语传递主要信息。
科技文章文体的特点是:清晰、准确、精练、严密。那末,科技文章的语言结构特色在翻译过程中如何处理,这是进行英汉科技翻译时需要探讨的问题。
1 countenance | |
n.脸色,面容;面部表情;vt.支持,赞同 | |
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2 distress | |
n.苦恼,痛苦,不舒适;不幸;vt.使悲痛 | |
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3 countenances | |
n.面容( countenance的名词复数 );表情;镇静;道义支持 | |
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4 accomplished | |
adj.有才艺的;有造诣的;达到了的 | |
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5 debut | |
n.首次演出,初次露面 | |
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6 consecutive | |
adj.连续的,联贯的,始终一贯的 | |
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7 fig | |
n.无花果(树) | |
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8 volts | |
n.(电压单位)伏特( volt的名词复数 ) | |
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