高级口译:潘基文2016年防止战争和武装冲突糟蹋环境国际日致辞

 　　Message on the International Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflict

　　防止战争和武装冲突糟蹋环境国际日致辞

　　6 November 2016

　　2016年11月6日

　　This year, the world began implementing¹ the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. With 17 universal and interdependent Sustainable Development Goals, the 2030 Agenda is a transformational blueprint² for peace, prosperity and dignity for all on a healthy planet. To achieve this vision, we must recognize that we have a duty of care towards the environment in peacetime and during war.

　　今年，全球开始执行《2030年可持续发展议程》。《2030年议程》载有17个普遍和相互依存的可持续发展目标，是实现健康地球人人享有和平、繁荣和尊严的变革蓝图。为实现这一愿景，我们必须认识到我们在和平和战争时期负有关爱环境的义务。

　　Poor governance of the environment and natural resources can contribute to the outbreak of conflict. It can fuel and finance existing conflicts and it can increase the risk of relapse. Conversely, there are many examples of natural resources serving as catalysts³ for peaceful cooperation, confidence-building and poverty reduction.

　　环境资源和自然资源治理不当会引发冲突，也会给现有的冲突火上浇油并使之获得资金支持，还会增加冲突死灰复燃的风险。但另一方面，也有许多例子表明自然资源可以推动和平合作、建立信任和减少贫困。

　　In the aftermath of violent conflict, natural resources, such as land, timber, minerals, oil and gas, are often the primary assets that governments need to support livelihoods⁴ and economic recovery. How governments manage these resources can fundamentally alter the course of post-conflict peacebuilding. That is why it is so important that we work together to combat environmental crime, end the illegal exploitation of natural resources, improve transparency, share benefits more equitably⁵ and encourage the participation⁶ of women, indigenous⁷ peoples and vulnerable groups in decision-making.

　　暴力冲突过后，土地、木材、矿物、石油和天然气等自然资源往往成为政府扶持民生和支持经济复苏所需要的主要资产。各国政府对这些资源的管理方式会从根本上改变冲突后建设和平的进程。因此，我们必须齐心协力地打击环境犯罪，制止非法开采自然资源，提高透明度，更公平地分享惠益，并鼓励妇女、土著人民和弱势群体参与决策。

　　The 2030 Agenda explicitly⁸ recognizes that “sustainable development cannot be realized without peace and security; and peace and security will be at risk without sustainable development.” That is why, earlier this year, all 193 Member States of the United Nations Environment Assembly adopted a resolution committing to protect the environment in areas affected⁹ by armed conflict. At the same time, the United Nations International Law Commission is currently reviewing the international legal framework for protecting the environment before, during and after armed conflict. It aims to establish guidelines that can better support environmental preservation¹⁰, particularly in protected areas and environmentally sensitive sites, such as drinking water aquifers¹¹, which are of critical environmental and cultural importance and can be severely¹² affected by warfare¹³.

　　《2030年议程》明确认识到“没有和平与安全，可持续发展无法实现;没有可持续发展，和平与安全也将面临风险。”因此，今年早些时候，联合国环境大会的所有193个成员国通过一项决议，承诺保护受武装冲突影响地区的环境。与此同时，联合国国际法委员会目前正在审查在武装冲突之前、其间和之后保护环境的国际法律框架。该框架旨在确定准则，从而可更好地支持环境保护，特别是在具有重大环境和文化意义且可能受到战争严重影响的保护区和环境敏感地点保护环境，如保护蕴藏饮用水的含水层。

　　With the 2030 Agenda and the concurrent¹⁴ efforts of the United Nations Environment Assembly and the International Law Commission, we have a range of important tools at our disposal. On this International Day, I urge governments, businesses and citizens around the world to prioritize environmental care and the sustainable management of natural resources for preventing conflict, building peace and promoting lasting¹⁵ prosperity.

　　通过《2030年议程》以及联合国环境大会和国际法委员会的共同努力，我们已有一系列重要的工具可以使用。值此国际日之际，我敦促世界各地的政府、企业和公民将关爱环境以及自然资源的可持续管理作为预防冲突，建设和平和促进持久繁荣的优先事项。

1 implementing   

v.实现( implement的现在分词 )；执行；贯彻；使生效

参考例句：

• -- Implementing a comprehensive drug control strategy. ――实行综合治理的禁毒战略。 来自汉英非文学 - 白皮书
• He was in no hurry about implementing his unshakable principle. 他并不急于实行他那不可动摇的原则。 来自辞典例句

2 blueprint   

n.蓝图，设计图，计划；vt.制成蓝图，计划

参考例句：

• All the machine parts on a blueprint must answer each other.设计图上所有的机器部件都应互相配合。
• The documents contain a blueprint for a nuclear device.文件内附有一张核装置的设计蓝图。

3 catalysts   

n.催化剂( catalyst的名词复数 )；触媒；促进因素；有感染力的人

参考例句：

• The first catalytic converters were called conventional oxidation catalysts. 最初的转化器叫做常规氧化催化器。 来自辞典例句
• Many processes that are essential to the chemical industry use heterogeneous catalysts. 很多重要的化学工业过程就是使用多相催化剂的。 来自辞典例句

4 livelihoods   

生计，谋生之道( livelihood的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• First came the earliest individualistic pioneers who depended on hunting and fishing for their livelihoods. 走在最前面的是早期的个人主义先驱者，他们靠狩猎捕鱼为生。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
• With little influence over policies, their traditional livelihoods are threatened. 因为马赛族人对政策的影响力太小，他们的传统生计受到了威胁。

5 equitably   

公平地

参考例句：

• We should equitably assess historical figures. 我们应该公正地评价历史人物。
• Land was more equitably distributed. 土地得到更公平合理的分配。

6 participation   

n.参与，参加，分享

参考例句：

• Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation.有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
• The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。

7 indigenous   

adj.土产的，土生土长的，本地的

参考例句：

• Each country has its own indigenous cultural tradition.每个国家都有自己本土的文化传统。
• Indians were the indigenous inhabitants of America.印第安人是美洲的土著居民。

8 explicitly   

ad.明确地，显然地

参考例句：

• The plan does not explicitly endorse the private ownership of land. 该计划没有明确地支持土地私有制。
• SARA amended section 113 to provide explicitly for a right to contribution. 《最高基金修正与再授权法案》修正了第123条，清楚地规定了分配权。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

9 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

10 preservation   

n.保护，维护，保存，保留，保持

参考例句：

• The police are responsible for the preservation of law and order.警察负责维持法律与秩序。
• The picture is in an excellent state of preservation.这幅画保存得极为完好。

11 aquifers   

n.地下蓄水层，砂石含水层( aquifer的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• And in Africa, the aquifers barely recharge at all. 非洲的地下水开采以后几乎得不到补充。 来自时文部分
• Aquifers have water contents over 30%. 含水层的水含过30％。 来自辞典例句

12 severely   

adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地

参考例句：

• He was severely criticized and removed from his post.他受到了严厉的批评并且被撤了职。
• He is severely put down for his careless work.他因工作上的粗心大意而受到了严厉的批评。

13 warfare   

n.战争(状态)；斗争；冲突

参考例句：

• He addressed the audience on the subject of atomic warfare.他向听众演讲有关原子战争的问题。
• Their struggle consists mainly in peasant guerrilla warfare.他们的斗争主要是农民游击战。

14 concurrent   

adj.同时发生的，一致的

参考例句：

• You can't attend two concurrent events!你不能同时参加两项活动！
• The twins had concurrent birthday. 双胞胎生日在同一天。

15 lasting   

adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持

参考例句：

• The lasting war debased the value of the dollar.持久的战争使美元贬值。
• We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.我们希望这些纠纷能获得永久的解决。