中高口译之黄金原则

 　　1、动宾连接原则

　　Those potent¹ weapons for deflecting³ pitches that offer everything from bigger body parts to lower mortgage rates have attracted the ire of the U.S. Chamber⁴ of Commerce and mass marketers.

　　deflect²: 打击 转变原定行动步骤

　　2、时态原则

　　中华民族历来爱好自由和和平。

　　The Chinese people have always been cherishing freedom and peace.

　　The Chinese people always cherish freedom and peace.

　　The Chinese people are always cherishing freedom and peace.

　　中国过去是、现在是、将来是……

　　中国人民更深感自由与和平的珍贵。 The Chinese people have cherished freedom and peace than ever.

　　3、主语确定原则

　　比如强调仁爱、强调群体、强调天下为公，特别是“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”的爱国情操。 For example, they lay emphasis on the importance of kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, and on the idea that all under heaven are equal, especially on patriotism⁵ as embodied⁶ in the saying, “everybody is responsible for the fate of the country.

　　4、谓语最小化原则

　　将动词变成名词

　　使用带有to的目的状语

　　使用介词短语（with，for）

　　使用分词短语

　　使用带有which的非限制性定语从句

　　今年的亚太经济贸易合作组织会议将主要侧重两个方面：一是加强亚太经合组织成员之间的合作，共同应对可能出现的经济衰退，重树信心；二是继续推进亚太经合组织贸易投资自由化进程，推动世界贸易组织尽早开始新一轮谈判。 The APEC meeting in this year will focus mainly on two aspects: one is on strengthening the cooperation among all APEC members to cope with the possible economic recession with rebuilt-up confidence; the other is on promoting the liberalization of trade and investment among all APEC members for the start of a new round of negotiations⁷ by WTO.

　　5、动宾换序原则

　　The rest of the world will have to react to this millennial⁸ economic shift to Asia, and to the rising power of China. 在新千年，经济重心将向亚洲转移，中国将迅速崛起，世界其他地区将不得不对此做出反应。

　　6、句群逻辑关系原则

　　经过二十多年的快速发展，中国西部地区已奠定了一定的物质技术基础，社会保持稳定，市场经济体制正在逐步建立和完善，为西部经济持续快速增长创造了有利的市场环境。 Thanks to the rapid development in the past 20-plus years, a relatively⁹ solid foundation in terms of material wealth and technology has been laid in the western region of China.

　　1972年联合国人类环境会议以来，尽管国际社会做出了巨大努力，但全球环境仍在持续恶化，成为人类面临的共同挑战，而快速发展的全球化更使环境形势日益复杂。

　　全球环境仍在持续恶化

　　快速发展的全球化更使环境形势日益复杂

　　日益恶化的环境问题成为人类面临的共同挑战

　　Since the UN Conference on the Human Environment has been steadily¹⁰ deteriorating¹¹. The acceleration¹² of globalization has compounded environmental degradation¹³. These are challenges common to all human beings.

　　亚太地区各国应结合自身特点，采取适当的宏观政策措施，促进本地区的经济发展，促进全球经济的复苏。

　　亚太地区各国应（通过）结合自身特点，采取适当的宏观政策措施的（方式），（以达到）促进本地区的经济发展，促进全球经济的复苏（的目的）。

　　Countries in the region should promote regional growth as well as global economic recovery by opting¹⁴ for appropriate macro-economic policies and measures suited to their own conditions.

　　为此，中国将鼓励创新，加快商业化、工业化和国家化的进程。

　　为此，中国将鼓励创新，（以此来）加快商业化、工业化和国家化的进程。

　　For this purpose, China will encourage innovation to accelerate the process of commercialization, industrialization and internationalization.

　　中国提出了建设和谐世界的理念，也将为达到这个目标努力奋斗。

　　（既然）中国提出了建设和谐世界的理念，（中国）也将为达到这个目标努力奋斗。

　　As/Since China has put forward the concept of building a harmonious¹⁵ world, it will also strive hard to attain¹⁶ this goal.

　　In putting forward the concept of building a harmonious world, China will also strive to attain this goal.

　　7、连接原则

　　书无所不读，全无所惑，并不着急，教书做事，均甚认真，往往吃亏，也不后悔。

　　Not vexed¹⁷ by reading comprehensively though futilely¹⁸, I deal seriously with teaching and handling affairs and have no regret for suffering losses.

　　奥运会会徽，不仅是国际奥林匹克运动和奥运会形象品牌的重要载体，而且体现了奥运会举办城市独特的文化魅力，体现了奥运会举办国家的民族性格和精神风貌。

　　The emblem¹⁹ of the Olympic Games, in particular, is not only an important representation of the Olympic Movement and the Olympic brand, but also a demonstration²⁰ of the charm of the host city’s unique culture and its national character and spirit.

　　最近，中国国家主席胡锦涛在联合国首脑大会上提出了努力建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界的主张。

　　Recently, Chinese President Hu Jintao put forward his proposal at the United Nations Summit for striving to build a harmonious world characterized by lasting²¹ peace and common prosperity.

　　8、减少of原则

　　中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威胁。

　　A strong, prosperous and developed China will pose no threat to any countries.

　　我们之间关系的发展，使我们不仅成为亲密的朋友，而且成为兄弟。

　　Our relations have so grown that bind²² us not only as close friends but also as brothers.

　　9、名词词组与分句互译原则

　　They provide a means by which wealthy people and corporations can in effect decide how their tax payments will be spent.

　　基金会提供了一种方式，可以让有钱人和大公司能实际支配花去税款的方式。

　　10、要词原则

　　Collectively, the Asian Countries will have a larger economy than the rest of the world put together.

　　亚洲国家的经济总量将超过其他国家地区的总和。

　　Inside these nations there will be mass prosperity, but with a large minority in serious poverty, and a small number who are very rich.

　　这些国家虽然呈现出欣欣向荣的态势，但其中还有许多处于极端贫穷的弱势人口，还有少部分人口极端富有。

1 potent   

adj.强有力的，有权势的；有效力的

参考例句：

• The medicine had a potent effect on your disease.这药物对你的病疗效很大。
• We must account of his potent influence.我们必须考虑他的强有力的影响。

2 deflect   

v.(使)偏斜，(使)偏离，(使)转向

参考例句：

• Never let a little problem deflect you.决不要因一点小问题就半途而废。
• They decided to deflect from the original plan.他们决定改变原计划。

3 deflecting   

（使）偏斜， （使）偏离， （使）转向( deflect的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• A variety of mechanical surfaces have been employed for deflecting the exhaust jets of solid-propellant rockets. 人们已经用过各种类型的机械控制面来偏转固体推进剂火箭的排气流。
• If she made a leading statement, he was expert deflecting her into more impersonal channels. 只要她一开口，他就会巧妙地把她的话题转到与个人无关的问题上去。

4 chamber   

n.房间，寝室；会议厅；议院；会所

参考例句：

• For many,the dentist's surgery remains a torture chamber.对许多人来说，牙医的治疗室一直是间受刑室。
• The chamber was ablaze with light.会议厅里灯火辉煌。

5 patriotism   

n.爱国精神，爱国心，爱国主义

参考例句：

• His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
• They obtained money under the false pretenses of patriotism.他们以虚伪的爱国主义为借口获得金钱。

6 embodied   

v.表现( embody的过去式和过去分词 )；象征；包括；包含

参考例句：

• a politician who embodied the hopes of black youth 代表黑人青年希望的政治家
• The heroic deeds of him embodied the glorious tradition of the troops. 他的英雄事迹体现了军队的光荣传统。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

8 millennial   

一千年的，千福年的

参考例句：

• Both Russia and America looked to the future to fulfill their millennial expectations. 俄国和美国都把实现他们黄金时代的希望寄托于未来。
• The millennial generation is celebrating the global commons every day, apparently unmindful of Hardin's warning. 千禧一代显然对哈丁的警告不以为然，每天都在颂扬全球“公地”。

9 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

10 steadily   

adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地

参考例句：

• The scope of man's use of natural resources will steadily grow.人类利用自然资源的广度将日益扩大。
• Our educational reform was steadily led onto the correct path.我们的教学改革慢慢上轨道了。

11 deteriorating   

恶化，变坏( deteriorate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The weather conditions are deteriorating. 天气变得越来越糟。
• I was well aware of the bad morale and the deteriorating factories. 我很清楚，大家情绪低落，各个工厂越搞越坏。

12 acceleration   

n.加速，加速度

参考例句：

• All spacemen must be able to bear acceleration.所有太空人都应能承受加速度。
• He has also called for an acceleration of political reforms.他同时呼吁加快政治改革的步伐。

13 degradation   

n.降级；低落；退化；陵削；降解；衰变

参考例句：

• There are serious problems of land degradation in some arid zones.在一些干旱地带存在严重的土地退化问题。
• Gambling is always coupled with degradation.赌博总是与堕落相联系。

14 opting   

v.选择，挑选( opt的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• What courses are most students opting for? 多数学生选什么课程？ 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Wells doesn't rule out opting out and then re-signing with Houston. 威尔斯没有排除跳出合同再与火箭重签的可能。 来自互联网

15 harmonious   

adj.和睦的，调和的，和谐的，协调的

参考例句：

• Their harmonious relationship resulted in part from their similar goals.他们关系融洽的部分原因是他们有着相似的目标。
• The room was painted in harmonious colors.房间油漆得色彩调和。

16 attain   

vt.达到，获得，完成

参考例句：

• I used the scientific method to attain this end. 我用科学的方法来达到这一目的。
• His painstaking to attain his goal in life is praiseworthy. 他为实现人生目标所下的苦功是值得称赞的。

17 vexed   

adj.争论不休的；（指问题等）棘手的；争论不休的问题；烦恼的v.使烦恼( vex的过去式和过去分词 )；使苦恼；使生气；详细讨论

参考例句：

• The conference spent days discussing the vexed question of border controls. 会议花了几天的时间讨论边境关卡这个难题。
• He was vexed at his failure. 他因失败而懊恼。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

18 futilely   

futile（无用的）的变形； 干

参考例句：

• Hitler, now ashen-gray, futilely strained at his chains. 希特勒这时面如死灰，无可奈何地死拽住身上的锁链不放。 来自名作英译部分
• Spinning futilely at first, the drivers of the engine at last caught the rails. 那机车的主动轮起先转了一阵也没有用处，可到底咬住了路轨啦。

19 emblem   

n.象征，标志；徽章

参考例句：

• Her shirt has the company emblem on it.她的衬衫印有公司的标记。
• The eagle was an emblem of strength and courage.鹰是力量和勇气的象征。

20 demonstration   

n.表明，示范，论证，示威

参考例句：

• His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
• He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。

21 lasting   

adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持

参考例句：

• The lasting war debased the value of the dollar.持久的战争使美元贬值。
• We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.我们希望这些纠纷能获得永久的解决。

22 bind   

vt.捆，包扎；装订；约束；使凝固；vi.变硬

参考例句：

• I will let the waiter bind up the parcel for you.我让服务生帮你把包裹包起来。
• He wants a shirt that does not bind him.他要一件不使他觉得过紧的衬衫。