VOA常速英语2019--治愈艾滋有可能

Scientists have been searching for a cure for HIV Aids for close to 40 years.Those leading the fight against AIDS at the UN called the news that a British man has been functionally¹ cured of HIV, a breakthrough.The breakthrough gives us great hope for the future,but also shows how far we are from the point of ending AIDS with science as well as the absolute importance to continue to focus on HIV prevention and treatment efforts.The London man is HIV free.After receiving a stem-cell transplant from a donor² with a rare genetic³ mutation⁴, one that made him resistant⁵ to HIV, the patient is now off HIV treatment.

近40年来，科学家们一直在寻找治疗艾滋病的方法。在联合国领导抗击艾滋病的人们称，一名英国男子已经在功能性治愈了艾滋病，这是一项突破。这一突破让我们对未来怀抱巨大希望，同时也告诉我们用科学方法结束艾滋病还要走多远， 以及继续关注艾滋病防治工作的绝对重要性。这个伦敦的男子已经没有艾滋病毒了。在从具有罕见基因突变的供体接受干细胞移植后，患者对HIV产生抵抗性，患者现在已不再接受HIV治疗。

We wait 16 months before stopping in the post-transplant period just to make sure that the cancer was in remission, the patient was well.And that the measures we had of the HIV reservoir in the body showed that there was very very little virus there, if any at all.Gupta hesitates to call it a cure, but he says it’s significant.This is the second patient to show no sign of the HIV virus after a similar stem cell transplant.The first was an American man, treated in Berlin 12 years ago.If you transplant those cells into somebody who already has HIV, you may protect those new cells from from infection.But stem cell treatment is not a practical cure for the 37 million people across the globe who have HIV.It’s expensive and finding a match with that genetic mutation is difficult.The procedure itself is painful and risky⁶.

为了确保癌症处于缓解期，我们等了16个月才停止后期移植，患者情况良好。我们测量患者体内HIV病毒量，结果表明，即使真的有，那里的病毒也非常少。Gupta不愿意称之为治愈方法，但他说这十分重要。这是第二例在类似干细胞移植后不显示HIV病毒迹象的患者。第一个是美国人，12年前在柏林治愈。如果将这些细胞移植到已经患有HIV的人身上，可以保护这些新细胞免受感染。但干细胞治疗并不是全球3700万艾滋病病毒感染者的实际治疗方法。其价格昂贵，并且找到有该基因突变的匹配非常困难。程序本身既痛苦又有风险。

Having a bone marrow⁷ transplantation is a very complicated process.It requires an entire new set of cells to be taken into it into the person who’s having the treatment,and that again is a process where whilst those cells are embedding⁸ your very impact risk of getting infections and potentially dying.Both the London and Berlin patients had cancer and had no other choice but to take that risk.The second success has fueled optimism.We now have reason to believe that the Berlin patient was not a one-off case,meaning it is possible to nearly or maybe even completely eliminate HIV from the body of an infected person.Scientists will continue to search for other ways to cure HIV, but now they know it can be cured or at least put into remission.

进行骨髓移植是一个非常复杂的过程。它需要将一整套新的细胞植入接受治疗的人体内，在这个过程中，这些细胞又给你带来感染和潜在死亡的风险。伦敦和柏林的患者都患有癌症，除了承担这种风险之外别无选择。第二次成功的案例让人们更乐观。我们现在有理由相信柏林患者不是一次性病例，这意味着可能或甚至可以完全帮助艾滋病感染者体内的病毒。科学家将继续寻找治疗艾滋病的其他方法，但现在他们知道艾滋病是可治愈的或至少是可缓解的。

1 functionally   

adv.机能上地，官能地

参考例句：

• Objective To explore occlusion reconstruction by computer aided design (CAD) with functionally-generated pathway (FGP). 目的探索借助功能性？记录(functionally-generated pathway,FGP)技术进行口腔固定修复体计算机辅助设计(Computer aided Design,CAD)生理性建？的方法。 来自互联网
• In this respect, the proceeding was functionally similar to a comparative licensing adjudication. 在这一点上，手续在作用上即类似于比较许可证发放的裁断。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法

2 donor   

n.捐献者；赠送人；(组织、器官等的)供体

参考例句：

• In these cases,the recipient usually takes care of the donor afterwards.在这类情况下，接受捐献者以后通常会照顾捐赠者。
• The Doctor transplanted the donor's heart to Mike's chest cavity.医生将捐赠者的心脏移植进麦克的胸腔。

3 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

4 mutation   

n.变化，变异，转变

参考例句：

• People who have this mutation need less sleep than others.有这种突变的人需要的睡眠比其他人少。
• So far the discussion has centered entirely around mutation in the strict sense.到目前为止，严格来讲，讨论完全集中于围绕突变问题上。

5 resistant   

adj.(to)抵抗的，有抵抗力的

参考例句：

• Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
• They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。

6 risky   

adj.有风险的，冒险的

参考例句：

• It may be risky but we will chance it anyhow.这可能有危险，但我们无论如何要冒一冒险。
• He is well aware how risky this investment is.他心里对这项投资的风险十分清楚。

7 marrow   

n.骨髓；精华；活力

参考例句：

• It was so cold that he felt frozen to the marrow. 天气太冷了，他感到寒冷刺骨。
• He was tired to the marrow of his bones.他真是累得筋疲力尽了。

8 embedding   

把…嵌入，埋入( embed的现在分词 )； 植入； 埋置； 包埋

参考例句：

• Data embedding in scrambled Digital video complete source code, has been tested. 数据嵌入在炒数字视频完整的源代码，已经过测试。
• Embedding large portions of C++ code in string literals is very awkward. 将大部分C++代码嵌入到字符串中是非常笨拙的。