2020年经济学人 红人队改名风波(1)

United States

美国版块

Nomenclature

命名

Skin in the name

名字的表皮

An American-football team finally sheds its moniker

一支美国足球队终于改名了

Since he bought the Redskins in 1999, Daniel Snyder’s position on his team’s long-controversial name has been clear. “We’ll never change the name,” he told a reporter seven years ago. “It’s that simple. NEVER—you can use caps.” He and other defenders¹ claimed the name honoured Native Americans—a view not shared by many Native Americans themselves.

自从丹尼尔·斯奈德在1999年买下红人队以来，他对于球队长期备受争议的名字的立场一直很明确。七年前，他对一位记者说：“我们永远不会改名。”“就这么简单。永远不会，你可以用大写字母标出来。”他和其他捍卫者声称这个名字表示了对印第安人的尊敬，而这一观点并没有得到许多印第安人的认同。

Mr Snyder stuck to his guns through demonstrations² outside his games, political pressure, even losing federal trademark³ protections because the team’s name and images were deemed “disparaging to Native Americans” (a ruling later reversed on First Amendment⁴ grounds). But on July 13th, after coming under pressure from sponsors including FedEx, which pays the team $8m per year for naming rights to its stadium, Mr Snyder announced the name and logo (a Native American in profile, with feathers in his hair) would be retired⁵.

斯奈德坚持自己的立场，通过比赛外的示威、政治压力、甚至失去了联邦商标保护，因为球队的名字和标志被认为是“对美国原住民的蔑视”（这一裁决后来因第一修正案被推翻）。但是在7月13日，联邦快递等赞助商进行施压，联邦快递每年向球队支付800美元的冠名权，斯奈德宣布将停止使用这个名字和标志（一个头发上插着羽毛的印第安人的面部侧影）。

Its new name remains⁶ unclear, but the jokes all but wrote themselves: the Washington Pundits⁷, Kickbacks⁸, Internal Polls (which would, of course, always show them ahead). More serious possibilities include the dreary⁹, hackneyed Warriors¹⁰; the Redtails, honouring the black Tuskegee Airmen, who fought in the second world war; and the Red Wolves, which like the Redtails would let the team keep its burgundy- and-gold colours. MrSnyder reportedly has chosen a name currently bogged¹¹ down in a trademark fight— and indeed, an enterprising actuary from the Washington suburbs has registered trademarks¹² for around a dozen possible team names.

红人队的新名字尚不明确，但是有些名字与他们自身的笑柄相关：华盛顿权威人士、回扣、内部民调（当然，这样的名字始终显示在前面）。还可能有一些更严肃的名字，包括枯燥陈腐的战士；红尾蛇，纪念二战中的黑獠牙飞行员；还有红狼，这个名字和红尾蛇一样，可以让球队保有其深红色和金色。据报道，斯奈德选择了一个目前陷入商标战的名字，事实上，华盛顿郊区一位E型的精算师已经为大约12个可能的球队名称注册了商标。

1 defenders   

n.防御者( defender的名词复数 )；守卫者；保护者；辩护者

参考例句：

• The defenders were outnumbered and had to give in. 抵抗者寡不敌众，只能投降。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• After hard fighting,the defenders were still masters of the city. 守军经过奋战仍然控制着城市。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 demonstrations   

证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威

参考例句：

• Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
• The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。

3 trademark   

n.商标；特征；vt.注册的…商标

参考例句：

• The trademark is registered on the book of the Patent Office.该商标已在专利局登记注册。
• The trademark of the pen was changed.这钢笔的商标改了。

4 amendment   

n.改正，修正，改善，修正案

参考例句：

• The amendment was rejected by 207 voters to 143.这项修正案以207票对143票被否决。
• The Opposition has tabled an amendment to the bill.反对党已经就该议案提交了一项修正条款。

5 retired   

adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的

参考例句：

• The old man retired to the country for rest.这位老人下乡休息去了。
• Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。

6 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

7 pundits   

n.某一学科的权威，专家( pundit的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The pundits disagree on the best way of dealing with the problem. 如何妥善处理这一问题，专家众说纷纭。 来自辞典例句
• That did not stop Chinese pundits from making a fuss over it. 这并没有阻止中国的博学之士对此大惊小怪。 来自互联网

8 kickbacks   

n.激烈反应( kickback的名词复数 )；佣金，回扣

参考例句：

• Everyone at City Hall is receiving kickbacks. It's the only way to get anything done there. 市政府里的每个人都收回扣，在那里只有送红包，事情才办得成。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• G raft or kickbacks paid to officials or law enforcem ent authorities. 暗中付给官员或执法人员的回扣。 来自互联网

9 dreary   

adj.令人沮丧的，沉闷的，单调乏味的

参考例句：

• They live such dreary lives.他们的生活如此乏味。
• She was tired of hearing the same dreary tale of drunkenness and violence.她听够了那些关于酗酒和暴力的乏味故事。

10 warriors   

武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• I like reading the stories ofancient warriors. 我喜欢读有关古代武士的故事。
• The warriors speared the man to death. 武士们把那个男子戳死了。

11 bogged   

adj.陷于泥沼的v.（使）陷入泥沼， （使）陷入困境( bog的过去式和过去分词 )；妨碍，阻碍

参考例句：

• The professor bogged down in the middle of his speech. 教授的演讲只说了一半便讲不下去了。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• The tractor is bogged down in the mud. 拖拉机陷入了泥沼。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 trademarks   

n.（注册）商标( trademark的名词复数 )；（人的行为或衣着的）特征，标记

参考例句：

• Motrin and Nuprin are trademarks of brands of ibuprofen tablets. Nuprin和Motrin均是布洛芬的商标。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Many goods in China have the trademarks of a panda. 中国的许多商品都带有熊猫的商标。 来自《简明英汉词典》