2020年经济学人 一周要闻 美国从德国撤军 欧洲恐新冠卷土重来 英国对西实行入境隔离

The world this week

本周国际要闻

Politics

政治

There were fears in Europe of a resurgence¹ of COVID-19. Catalonia returned to a form of lockdown. Britain announced that people arriving from Spain, including British tourists coming back from the beach, should quarantine for 14 days. The Spanish government was irked. Croatia, Germany, Luxembourg and Romania all saw localised spikes² of coronavirus. Still, Europeans are much better prepared now than they were when the pandemic began.

在欧洲，人们担心新冠肺炎会卷土重来。加泰罗尼亚恢复了封锁状态。英国宣布从西班牙入境的游客，包括从海滩回来的英国游客，应该隔离14天。西班牙政府对此十分恼火。克罗地亚、德国、卢森堡和罗马尼亚都出现了局部的冠状病毒感染峰值。尽管如此，欧洲人如今的准备较大流行初期时要完善得多。

Najib Razak, Malaysia’s prime minister from 2009 to 2018, was sentenced to 12 years in jail and fined $49m after being found guilty of seven charges related to the theft of billions of dollars from 1mdb, a development fund. He still faces verdicts in other trials. Mr Naijb, who said he thought the vast fortune in his personal bank account was a donation from a Saudi royal, remains³ free, pending⁴ an appeal.

2009年至2018年担任马来西亚总理的纳吉布·拉扎克(Najib Razak)被判12年监禁，并处罚金4900万美元。此前，他被判七项罪名成立，罪名是窃取一马发展公司（1MDB）数十亿美元资金。他还面临着其他审判的判决。纳吉布表示，他认为自己个人银行账户中的巨额财富是一位沙特王室所赠，他现在仍然是自由身，等待上诉。

The US defence secretary, Mark Esper, announced the withdrawal⁵ of nearly 12,000 American troops from Germany. President Donald Trump⁶ had criticised Germany’s reluctance⁷ to spend more on defence. Mr Esper said the decision would bolster⁸ nato and deter⁹ Russia. He suggested that some of the troops could be redeployed on Russia’s doorstep around the Black Sea and in the Baltic countries.

美国国防部长马克·埃斯珀(Mark Esper)宣布将从德国撤出近1.2万名美军。美国总统特朗普曾批评德国不愿增加国防支出。埃斯珀表示，这一决定将支持北约，威慑俄罗斯。他建议，将一些军队重新部署在黑海附近的俄罗斯家门口和波罗的海国家。

The federal quasi-military agents sent to Portland to help quell¹⁰ violent protests are to leave the city’s centre, on the condition that Oregon provides security to protect the federal courthouse there.

被派往波特兰市帮助平息暴力抗议的联邦准军事人员将离开该市中心，条件是俄勒冈州提供安全措施保护当地的联邦法院。

South Africa took a $4.3bn emergency loan from the IMF to soften¹¹ the economic shock of COVID-19. The loan marks a big change for South Africa, which had previously¹² shunned¹³ the imf so as not to dilute¹⁴ its economic sovereignty.

南非从国际货币基金组织获得了43亿美元紧急贷款，以缓解新冠疫情对经济的冲击。这笔贷款对南非来说意味着一个重大的变化，南非此前避开了国际货币基金组织，以免削弱其经济主权。

Perrance Shiri, Zimbabwe’s agriculture minister, died, reportedly of COVID-19. He led the Fifth Brigade in Matabeleland in the 1980s, which tortured and massacred thousands of suspected opponents of the despot, Robert Mugabe, and their families. He once likened himself to Jesus, since he decided¹⁵ who lived and who died.

据报道，津巴布韦农业部长Perrance Shiri死于新冠肺炎。20世纪80年代，他在马塔贝莱兰领导了第五旅，拷问和屠杀了数千名被疑是独裁者罗伯特·穆加贝(Robert Mugabe)的反对者及其家人。他曾自喻为耶稣，因为他手中紧握着生死大权。

Parliamentarians in Somalia voted to remove Hassan Ali Khaire as prime minister. America, which supports the Somali army in its fight against the jihadists of al-Shabab, called the process flawed. Lawmakers say Mr Khaire failed to prepare the country for elections next year.

索马里议员投票罢免了哈桑·阿里·卡伊的总理职位。支持索马里军队打击阿尔沙巴布圣战组织的美国称，该进程存在缺陷。议员们表示，卡伊未能为明年的选举做好准备。

1 resurgence   

n.再起，复活，再现

参考例句：

• A resurgence of his grief swept over Nim.悲痛又涌上了尼姆的心头。
• Police say drugs traffickers are behind the resurgence of violence.警方说毒贩是暴力活动重新抬头的罪魁祸首。

2 spikes   

n.穗( spike的名词复数 )；跑鞋；（防滑）鞋钉；尖状物v.加烈酒于( spike的第三人称单数 )；偷偷地给某人的饮料加入（更多）酒精（ 或药物）；把尖状物钉入；打乱某人的计划

参考例句：

• a row of iron spikes on a wall 墙头的一排尖铁
• There is a row of spikes on top of the prison wall to prevent the prisoners escaping. 监狱墙头装有一排尖钉，以防犯人逃跑。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

4 pending   

prep.直到，等待…期间；adj.待定的；迫近的

参考例句：

• The lawsuit is still pending in the state court.这案子仍在州法庭等待定夺。
• He knew my examination was pending.他知道我就要考试了。

5 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

6 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

7 reluctance   

n.厌恶，讨厌，勉强，不情愿

参考例句：

• The police released Andrew with reluctance.警方勉强把安德鲁放走了。
• He showed the greatest reluctance to make a reply.他表示很不愿意答复。

8 bolster   

n.枕垫；v.支持，鼓励

参考例句：

• The high interest rates helped to bolster up the economy.高利率使经济更稳健。
• He tried to bolster up their morale.他尽力鼓舞他们的士气。

9 deter   

vt.阻止，使不敢，吓住

参考例句：

• Failure did not deter us from trying it again.失败并没有能阻挡我们再次进行试验。
• Dogs can deter unwelcome intruders.狗能够阻拦不受欢迎的闯入者。

10 quell   

v.压制，平息，减轻

参考例句：

• Soldiers were sent in to quell the riots.士兵们被派去平息骚乱。
• The armed force had to be called out to quell violence.不得不出动军队来镇压暴力行动。

11 soften   

v.(使)变柔软；(使)变柔和

参考例句：

• Plastics will soften when exposed to heat.塑料适当加热就可以软化。
• This special cream will help to soften up our skin.这种特殊的护肤霜有助于使皮肤变得柔软。

12 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

13 shunned   

v.避开，回避，避免( shun的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• She was shunned by her family when she remarried. 她再婚后家里人都躲着她。
• He was a shy man who shunned all publicity. 他是个怕羞的人，总是避开一切引人注目的活动。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 dilute   

vt.稀释，冲淡；adj.稀释的，冲淡的

参考例句：

• The water will dilute the wine.水能使酒变淡。
• Zinc displaces the hydrogen of dilute acids.锌置换了稀酸中的氢。

15 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。