2022年经济学人 美联储加息落地

The world this week -- Business

本周国际要闻——商业

The Federal Reserve raised its benchmark interest rate by a quarter of a percentage point, lifting it to a target range of 0.25-0.50%, the first increase since 2018.

美联储将基准利率上调0.25个百分点，至0.25-0.50%的目标区间，这是自2018年以来的首次加息。

America’s central bank also said that it expects to lift the rate at its six remaining meetings in 2022 with more to come next year, eventually bringing it to 2.8%.

美国中央银行也表示，预计将在2022年剩下的六次会议上提高利率，明年还会进一步提高，最终将利率提高到2.8%。

Despite the financial volatility¹ caused by the war in Ukraine, the Fed felt it had to act to tame surging inflation; the conflict will only add to price pressures.

尽管乌克兰战争引发了金融动荡，但美联储认为必须采取行动遏制不断飙升的通胀; 这场冲突只会增加价格压力。

Sarah Bloom Raskin withdrew her nomination² as Joe Biden’s choice to head financial regulation at the Fed.

萨拉·布鲁姆·拉斯金撤销了乔·拜登提名的美联储金融监管负责人人选。

Ms. Raskin, a former deputy secretary at the Treasury³, came under attack from Republicans for her tough approach to financial risk posed by climate change.

曾任美国财政部副部长的拉斯金，因对气候变化造成的金融风险采取强硬态度而受到共和党人的攻击。

She withdrew after Joe Manchin, a Democratic senator from coal-loving West Virginia, said he would not vote for her.

热爱煤炭事业的西弗吉尼亚州民主党参议员乔·曼钦表示不会投票给她，之后，希拉里退出了竞选。

Oil prices retreated rapidly from their recent highs.

油价从近期高点迅速回落。

Brent crude fell below $100 a barrel, less than a week after it had hurtled towards $140.

布伦特原油价格跌至每桶100美元以下，不到一周之前，该价格曾飙升至每桶140美元。

The International Energy Agency warned of a “global oil-supply shock” caused by the effect of sanctions on Russian production, observing that new trades on Russian oil have “all but dried up”.

国际能源署警告称，制裁对俄罗斯石油生产的影响，将引发一场“全球石油供应冲击”，并指出，针对俄罗斯石油的新交易“几乎枯竭”。

Only Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates have the capacity to make up the shortfall, it said.

国际能源署表示，只有沙特阿拉伯和阿拉伯联合酋长国有能力弥补这一缺口。

EDF raised its forecast of the cost it will bear from the French government’s cap on household energy increases, to 10.2bn euros ($11.2bn).

法国电力集团将法国政府对家庭能源增长上限的预期上调至102亿欧元(合112亿美元)。

The French utility also upped the estimate of the further hit it will take from reduced output at its nuclear power plants because of technical issues, to 16bn euros.

这家法国公用事业单位还预计，由于技术问题，其核电站的产量将减少，该公司将因此受到进一步打击，预计将达到160亿欧元。

The G7 said it was working collectively to stop Russia obtaining financing from the IMF, World Bank and European Bank for Reconstruction⁴ and Development and that Russia would no longer be treated as a normal trading partner.

七国集团表示，正共同努力阻止俄罗斯从国际货币基金组织、世界银行和欧洲复兴开发银行获得融资，并表示俄罗斯将不再被视为正常的贸易伙伴。

The Russian government moved to designate Meta as an “extremist organisation”, after reports that the parent company of Facebook and Instagram would allow Ukrainians to call for violence against Russian soldiers on its sites.

俄罗斯政府将Meta列为“极端组织”，此前有报道称，Facebook母公司和Instagram将允许乌克兰人在其网站上呼吁对俄罗斯士兵实施暴力。

Meta said there was no change to its policies on hate speech “as far as the Russian people are concerned”.

Meta表示，“就俄罗斯人民而言”，其针对仇恨言论的政策没有改变。

The row does raise questions about Meta’s role in selecting just when it thinks support for violence is suitable across its platforms.

这场争吵确实引发了关于Meta在选择支持暴力是否适合全平台时所扮演角色的问题。

1 volatility   

n.挥发性，挥发度，轻快，（性格）反复无常

参考例句：

• That was one reason why volatility was so low last year.这也是去年波动性如此低的原因之一。
• Yet because volatility remained low for so long,disaster myopia prevailed.然而，由于相当长的时间里波动性小，灾难短视就获胜了。

2 nomination   

n.提名，任命，提名权

参考例句：

• John is favourite to get the nomination for club president.约翰最有希望被提名为俱乐部主席。
• Few people pronounced for his nomination.很少人表示赞成他的提名。

3 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

4 reconstruction   

n.重建，再现，复原

参考例句：

• The country faces a huge task of national reconstruction following the war.战后，该国面临着重建家园的艰巨任务。
• In the period of reconstruction,technique decides everything.在重建时期，技术决定一切。