2022年经济学人 缅因州龙虾产业正面临压力(1)

"We have to go where the lobsters² want to go... the rockier, the craggier, that's where we want to be putting our traps," says Ali Desjardin, as she pulls up a lobster¹ trap from the ocean floor.

“我们必须去龙虾想去的地方……我们要在岩石更多，更陡峭的地方放置陷阱，”阿里·德斯贾丁一边说，一边从海底捞出一个龙虾陷阱。

She grabs a gauge³ to measure the area from the rear of the eye socket⁴ down the length of the back.

她抓起一个量规，测量龙虾眼窝后方到背部的长度。

Any lobsters kept must have backs between 3.25 inches and 5 inches (12.7cm) long.

所有养殖龙虾的背部长度必须在3.25英寸到5英寸(12.7厘米)之间。

Everything else is returned to the sea.

其他的都要放回到大海中。

Females carrying eggs are also tossed back, a regulation Maine lobsterman put in place in 1872.

携带龙虾卵的雌性龙虾也会被抛回海中，这是缅因州1872年开始实施的一项规定。

Lobstermen notch⁵ females with a v to indicate to other fishermen that they are needed breeders.

龙虾渔民在雌性龙虾身上刻上v字，向其他渔民表明，她们是必要的繁殖者。

A purple rope, known as a line, attaches the trap to a floating buoy⁶.

一条被称为吊绳的紫色绳索将陷阱连接到漂浮的浮标上。

Allegations about this line are rocking the entire lobster industry in Maine.

对于这条吊绳的指控震动了缅因州的整个龙虾产业。

Earlier this month Monterey Bay Aquarium's Seafood⁷ Watch, a California programme which advises consumers and businesses on what marine⁸ life to eat, placed the Atlantic lobster on its "avoid" list.

本月早些时候，加利福尼亚州蒙特利湾水族馆的“海鲜观察”项目将大西洋龙虾列入了“避免食用”的名单。该项目为消费者和企业能够食用何种海洋生物提供建议。

According to Seafood Watch, the lines used in lobster fishing can entangle⁹ the endangered North Atlantic right whale.

海鲜观察组织表示，捕捞龙虾时使用的吊绳可能会缠住濒临灭绝的北大西洋露脊鲸。

Outraged¹⁰ Maine lobstermen say they have not had an entanglement¹¹ with a right whale in nearly two decades.

愤怒的缅因州龙虾渔民表示，他们已经近20年没有与露脊鲸有过纠葛。

Most say they have never even seen one.

大多数人说，他们甚至从未见过露脊鲸。

"It's been extraordinarily¹² frustrating," says Patrice McCarron of the Maine Lobstermen's Association, an advocacy group.

缅因州倡导团体，龙虾渔民协会的帕特里斯·麦卡伦说：“这非常令人沮丧。”

"We pride ourselves on being stewards¹³ of the resource."

我们为自己是资源的管理者而感到自豪。

Since 1997 lobstermen have removed 30,000 miles (48,000km) of rope from the water, weakened remaining lines so that whales can break free, incorporated "weak leaks" and "weak inserts" in and below the buoys¹⁴, and added distinct markings to trace any entangling¹⁵ gear to the specific fishery responsible for it.

自1997年以来，龙虾渔民已经从水中移走了30,000英里(即48,000公里)的绳索，削弱了剩余绳索的伤害性，以便鲸鱼可以挣脱，他们在浮标内和浮标下方加入了“弱渗漏”和“弱插入”装置，并添加了明显的标记，以追踪所有可能造成缠绕的装置，确定缅因州的龙虾捕捞装置是否存在责任。

They have also cut the number of lobster traps.

他们还减少了龙虾捕捞的数量。

Curt¹⁶ Brown, a lobsterman and marine biologist, said at a recent press conference that: "Maine lobstermen have probably put in more effort, more time and more money than any group in this country to protect right whales."

科特·布朗是一名龙虾渔民和海洋生物学家，他在最近的一次新闻发布会上说：“缅因州的龙虾渔民在保护露脊鲸方面投入的精力、时间和金钱可能比这个国家的任何其它群体都多。”

1 lobster   

n.龙虾，龙虾肉

参考例句：

• The lobster is a shellfish.龙虾是水生贝壳动物。
• I like lobster but it does not like me.我喜欢吃龙虾，但它不适宜于我的健康。

2 lobsters   

龙虾( lobster的名词复数 )； 龙虾肉

参考例句：

• I have no idea about how to prepare those cuttlefish and lobsters. 我对如何烹调那些乌贼和龙虾毫无概念。
• She sold me a couple of live lobsters. 她卖了几只活龙虾给我。

3 gauge   

v.精确计量；估计；n.标准度量；计量器

参考例句：

• Can you gauge what her reaction is likely to be?你能揣测她的反应可能是什么吗？
• It's difficult to gauge one's character.要判断一个人的品格是很困难的。

4 socket   

n.窝，穴，孔，插座，插口

参考例句：

• He put the electric plug into the socket.他把电插头插入插座。
• The battery charger plugs into any mains socket.这个电池充电器可以插入任何类型的电源插座。

5 notch   

n.(V字形)槽口，缺口，等级

参考例句：

• The peanuts they grow are top-notch.他们种的花生是拔尖的。
• He cut a notch in the stick with a sharp knife.他用利刃在棒上刻了一个凹痕。

6 buoy   

n.浮标；救生圈；v.支持，鼓励

参考例句：

• The party did little to buoy up her spirits.这次聚会并没有让她振作多少。
• The buoy floated back and forth in the shallow water.这个浮标在浅水里漂来漂去。

7 seafood   

n.海产食品，海味，海鲜

参考例句：

• There's an excellent seafood restaurant near here.离这儿不远有家非常不错的海鲜馆。
• Shrimps are a popular type of seafood.小虾是比较普遍的一种海味。

8 marine   

adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵

参考例句：

• Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

9 entangle   

vt.缠住，套住；卷入，连累

参考例句：

• How did Alice manage to entangle her hair so badly in the brambles?爱丽丝是怎么把头发死死地缠在荆棘上的？
• Don't entangle the fishing lines.不要让钓鱼线缠在一起。

10 outraged   

a.震惊的，义愤填膺的

参考例句：

• Members of Parliament were outraged by the news of the assassination. 议会议员们被这暗杀的消息激怒了。
• He was outraged by their behavior. 他们的行为使他感到愤慨。

11 entanglement   

n.纠缠，牵累

参考例句：

• This entanglement made Carrie anxious for a change of some sort.这种纠葛弄得嘉莉急于改变一下。
• There is some uncertainty about this entanglement with the city treasurer which you say exists.对于你所说的与市财政局长之间的纠葛,大家有些疑惑。

12 extraordinarily   

adv.格外地；极端地

参考例句：

• She is an extraordinarily beautiful girl.她是个美丽非凡的姑娘。
• The sea was extraordinarily calm that morning.那天清晨，大海出奇地宁静。

13 stewards   

（轮船、飞机等的）乘务员( steward的名词复数 )； （俱乐部、旅馆、工会等的）管理员； （大型活动的）组织者； （私人家中的）管家

参考例句：

• The stewards all wore armbands. 乘务员都戴了臂章。
• The stewards will inspect the course to see if racing is possible. 那些干事将检视赛马场看是否适宜比赛。

14 buoys   

n.浮标( buoy的名词复数 )；航标；救生圈；救生衣v.使浮起( buoy的第三人称单数 )；支持；为…设浮标；振奋…的精神

参考例句：

• The channel is marked by buoys. 航道有浮标表示。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Often they mark the path with buoys. 他们常常用浮标作为航道的标志。 来自辞典例句

15 entangling   

v.使某人（某物/自己）缠绕，纠缠于（某物中），使某人（自己）陷入（困难或复杂的环境中）( entangle的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• We increasingly want an end to entangling alliances. 我们越来越想终止那些纠缠不清的盟约。 来自辞典例句
• What a thing it was to have her love him, even if it be entangling! 得到她的爱是件多么美妙的事，即使为此陷入纠葛中去也值得！ 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹

16 curt   

adj.简短的，草率的

参考例句：

• He gave me an extremely curt answer.他对我作了极为草率的答复。
• He rapped out a series of curt commands.他大声发出了一连串简短的命令。