欧美人文风情第113篇:Nancy Duarte的五个简报原则

 Presentations are a powerful communication medium. 简报是强而有力的沟通媒介。

For more than 20 years, Duarte has developed presentations to launch products, align¹ employees, increase company value, and propel global causes. 过去二十多年来，Duarte制作出简报去推动新产品、训练职员、增加公司价值、以及推动全球事业。

Along the way we discovered five simple rules for creating world changing presentations. 一路上我们发现了五个简单的原则，能够设计出改变世界的简报。

The first rules is—treat your audience as king. 第一原则是－－把听众像国王般对待。

You audience deserves to be treated like royalty². 你的听众理当享受皇家般的待遇。

Design a presentation that meets their needs, and not just yours. 要设计一个合乎他们需求的简报，而不只是你的需求。

Audiences wanna know what you can do for them, why they should adopt your view, 听众想要知道“你可以为他们做些什么”、“他们为何要接纳你的观点”、

and what are the steps they need to follow to take action. 以及“他们需要做什么来跟进并采取行动”。

Give them those things in a clear, easily understandable way, and you will undoubtedly³ find favor with the king. 用清楚，容易了解的方式提供他们那些东西，你无庸置疑地会赢得国王的讚赏。

The second rule is—spread ideas and move people. 第二个原则是－－散布理念并感动人群。

Your audience didn't show up to read your 60-page on-screen dissertation⁴. 你的听众并不是来阅读你荧幕上六十页长的论文。

They're there to see you, to be inspired by your message and witness the quality of your thought. 他们是来看你的，想要被你的讯息所激励并见证你优质的想法。

You're not giving your presentation to have another meeting. 不能像是开个会般的做简报。

You're there to convey meaning. 你是为了传达意念而站在那的。

So consider including imagery that powerfully illustrates⁵ your point. 所以考虑加入能够强烈阐述你的观点的图像。

Sometimes moving images can inspire in a way that static slides cannot. 有时候动态的影像能够用静态幻灯片所做不到的方式去激励听众。

A sequential build adds a sense of suspense⁶. 连续的架构添增一些悬疑感。

And a thought provoking video moves your audience in a way that can not only change minds, but hearts. 而一段发人深省的影片用一种不仅改变想法，且打动人心的方式，感动你的听众。

The next rule is—help them see what you are saying. 下一个原则是－－帮助他们“见到”你所说的。

Half of the people in your audience are verbal thinkers, and the other half are visual. 你的听众有一半是语言思考者，而另一半是图像思考者。

Combining minimal⁷ text with meaningful visuals means that you will reach everyone. 结合最少程度的内文以及有意义的视觉图像意味着你将会打动每位听众。

Brainstorm⁸ graphics⁹ that will effectively communicate your message, 脑力激荡出能够有效传达你的讯息的图像，

and then replace those words with a picture, a chart, or a diagram. 然后将文字换成一张图片，图表或示意图。

Then apply a consistent treatment to your graphics to give your whole presentation a unified¹⁰ look, 然后运用一致的方式处理图像，给你的整个简报一种整体感，

so that your audiences are attracted to, rather than distracted from your message. 以至于你的听众被你的讯息所吸引，而不是被分散注意力了。

Rule number four—practice design, not decoration. 第四原则－－运用设计，而不是装饰。

As tempting¹¹ as it is to fill your slides with stuff, often de-decorating is the best policy. 即便用东西填满你的幻灯片很有吸引力，通常减少装饰是最棒的方针。

Any writer or designer will tell you that 90% of the creative process is destructive. 任何一位作家或设计师都会告诉你有百分之九十的创作过程是破坏性的。

Do you have one main point? Consider just putting just one word on the slide by itself. 你有一个重点吗？考虑看看就只把一个字独自放在幻灯片上。

You want them to remember a few items? Then don't show everything at once. 你想要他们记得一些东西？那么不要一次全部展示出来。

Instead, show one item at a time. 而是一次展示一个。

Do you have a picture that accurately¹² expresses your idea? 你有能够精准地传达意象的照片吗？

Scale that picture so that it fills the slide. 将照片调整比例让其填满整张幻灯片。

Do you know a quote that says it all? Then let it say it and remove everything else. 你知道一句引言能够表达得尽善尽美？那就让它来表达，拿掉其他所有东西。

The last rule is—cultivate healthy relationships with your slides and your audience. 最后一个原则是－－跟你的幻灯片和听众建立良好关系。

Letting go is hard. 要放得开很难。

We know, but don't hide behind your slides. 我们知道，但不要躲在幻灯片后面。

Breaking your dependence¹³ on your slides can do a world of good for your relationship with the audience. 破除你对幻灯片的依赖对你和听众的关系有莫大的帮助。

Reduce the amount of text to just a few words, and put the rest of the information in the notes, 将内文减少到几个字，并把剩下的资讯写到笔记中，

and then practice, practice, practice. 然后练习、练习、还是练习。

Thinking of your slides as digital scenery allows you to connect eye-to-eye with your audience in a meaningful way. 把幻灯片想成是数位布景，让你能够面对面地和听众有意义的接触。

So, those are the rules, but the question remains¹⁴: 所以，那些是原则，但问题仍旧存在：

Why go to all these trouble? Why not do it the way you're used to? “为何选择所有这些麻烦事？”“何不照以前的方式做？”

The answer is simple: Because everyone else does it that way too, and you need to stand apart and be different. 答案很简单：因为其他人也都那样做，而你需要与众不同，表现出差异。

When you apply these rules, and keep the audiences' needs top of mind, 当你运用这些原则，并以听众的需求为优先时，

your presentation will not only hold their attention, but also change the world. 你的简报将不只会抓到他们的注意力，同时也会改变世界。

Well, at least your part of the world. 嗯，至少是你那部分的世界。

 

1 align   

vt.使成一线，结盟，调节；vi.成一线，结盟

参考例句：

• Align the ruler and the middle of the paper.使尺子与纸张的中部成一条直线。
• There are signs that the prime minister is aligning himself with the liberals.有迹象表明首相正在与自由党人结盟。

2 royalty   

n.皇家，皇族

参考例句：

• She claims to be descended from royalty.她声称她是皇室后裔。
• I waited on tables，and even catered to royalty at the Royal Albert Hall.我做过服务生， 甚至在皇家阿伯特大厅侍奉过皇室的人。

3 undoubtedly   

adv.确实地，无疑地

参考例句：

• It is undoubtedly she who has said that.这话明明是她说的。
• He is undoubtedly the pride of China.毫无疑问他是中国的骄傲。

4 dissertation   

n.（博士学位）论文，学术演讲，专题论文

参考例句：

• He is currently writing a dissertation on the Somali civil war.他目前正在写一篇关于索马里内战的论文。
• He was involved in writing his doctoral dissertation.他在聚精会神地写他的博士论文。

5 illustrates   

给…加插图( illustrate的第三人称单数 )； 说明； 表明； （用示例、图画等）说明

参考例句：

• This historical novel illustrates the breaking up of feudal society in microcosm. 这部历史小说是走向崩溃的封建社会的缩影。
• Alfred Adler, a famous doctor, had an experience which illustrates this. 阿尔弗莱德 - 阿德勒是一位著名的医生，他有过可以说明这点的经历。 来自中级百科部分

6 suspense   

n.（对可能发生的事）紧张感，担心，挂虑

参考例句：

• The suspense was unbearable.这样提心吊胆的状况实在叫人受不了。
• The director used ingenious devices to keep the audience in suspense.导演用巧妙手法引起观众的悬念。

7 minimal   

adj.尽可能少的，最小的

参考例句：

• They referred to this kind of art as minimal art.他们把这种艺术叫微型艺术。
• I stayed with friends, so my expenses were minimal.我住在朋友家，所以我的花费很小。

8 brainstorm   

vi.动脑筋，出主意，想办法，献计，献策

参考例句：

• The women meet twice a month to brainstorm and set business goals for each other.她们每个月聚会两次，在一起出谋献策，为各自制定生意目标。
• We can brainstorm a list of the most influential individuals in the company.我们可以集体讨论，列出该公司中最有影响的人员的名单。

9 graphics   

n.制图法，制图学；图形显示

参考例句：

• You've leveraged your graphics experience into the video area.你们把图形设计业务的经验运用到录像业务中去。
• Improved graphics took computer games into a new era.经改进的制图技术将电脑游戏带进了一个新时代。

10 unified   

(unify 的过去式和过去分词)； 统一的； 统一标准的； 一元化的

参考例句：

• The teacher unified the answer of her pupil with hers. 老师核对了学生的答案。
• The First Emperor of Qin unified China in 221 B.C. 秦始皇于公元前221年统一中国。

11 tempting   

a.诱人的, 吸引人的

参考例句：

• It is tempting to idealize the past. 人都爱把过去的日子说得那么美好。
• It was a tempting offer. 这是个诱人的提议。

12 accurately   

adv.准确地，精确地

参考例句：

• It is hard to hit the ball accurately.准确地击中球很难。
• Now scientists can forecast the weather accurately.现在科学家们能准确地预报天气。

13 dependence   

n.依靠，依赖；信任，信赖；隶属

参考例句：

• Doctors keep trying to break her dependence of the drug.医生们尽力使她戒除毒瘾。
• He was freed from financial dependence on his parents.他在经济上摆脱了对父母的依赖。

14 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。