PBS高端访谈:普京是否要为国际奥委会禁赛运动员负责?

 　　GWEN IFILL: Just last week, the International Association of Athletics¹ Federations³, also known as the IAAF, voted to ban Russia's track and field team from competing at this summer's Olympics in Rio de Janeiro because of widespread doping.

　　Today, the International Olympic Committee agreed, but added one significant loophole.

　　John Yang has that story.

　　JOHN YANG: The IAAF decision was unprecedented⁴ in Olympic history. Russian President Vladimir Putin slammed it as unfair collective punishment.

　　Today's move by the IOC seems to send a contradictory⁵ signal. On the one hand, the IOC did uphold the ban. But it also said that Russia's track and field athletes could participate if they pass follow-up drug tests administered in other countries.

　　There is a lot of confused reaction to all of this.

　　And to help us understand it all, Christine Brennan is back with us. She's a sportswriter, columnist⁶ and commentator⁷ with USA Today and ABC News.

　　Christine, this is very confusing. On the one hand, they uphold the ban, and they say that the IAAF was — they respected their right to impose the ban. But they also opened the door for athletes to compete. How does this work?

　　普京是否要为国际奥委会禁赛运动员负责?

　　CHRISTINE BRENNAN, USA Today: Oh, it's going to be confusion.

　　I have never seen — I have covered the Olympics, John, for 32 years. I have never seen anything like this. We're six weeks out from the Rio opening ceremonies, and this could be a situation where we don't know who is marching in under the Russian flag or the Olympic flag in terms of athletes, track and field athletes from Russia, until they march in, in the opening ceremony.

　　This is a battle right now we're seeing between the IOC and the International Track and Field Federation². We have never seen anything quite like this.

　　JOHN YANG: Why is this going on? Why are these two organizations battling this out?

　　CHRISTINE BRENNAN: Can I blame it on Vladimir Putin?

　　He — Putin put an Olympics in the middle of nowhere, spent $51 billion — billion with a B — dollars to do that. And I think that we're talking about an old boys' network here, very old boys' network, with the IOC. Think FIFA.

　　And Putin did them a big favor to the tune⁸ of $51 billion, John. And there is no doubt Putin has a voice and has a say within the International Olympic Committee. If they had just said no Russian athletes at all, the IOC has said this, which is what the IAAF has basically said — the IAAF has gone against Putin.

　　The International Olympic Committee has left the door open a crack, and that is all because Putin bailed⁹ them out two years ago.

　　JOHN YANG: And we should point out that the IOC publicly says they're doing this because the presumption¹⁰ of innocence¹¹ of these athletes is being damaged.

　　CHRISTINE BRENNAN: Right, but — right. We weren't born yesterday in terms of the politics of international sport.

　　I will say this. The idea of having clean athletes at the Olympics, the Russian system is rotten to the core. That is what we have seen over and over again. The World Anti-Doping Agency saying you cannot trust anyone who has gone through the doping system in Russia. And so the idea of having — finding clean athletes, you would almost need a time machine to go back a couple years and test them under, say, U.S. or Western European rules.

　　And because we can't trust the Russian system, and what they have been doing, their doping facilities, I don't know how we're going to — they're going to get clean results for these athletes in six weeks. You will see someone, say, who ran the New York City Marathon, well, if they had a clean test there, OK, that's one.

　　But that's certainly wouldn't — I don't think would give us any confidence that that athlete has been clean for the last couple of years.

　　JOHN YANG: So, do we know how they're going to try to prove their innocence and how — what the IOC has in mind when they say they have got to pass these follow-up tests?

　　CHRISTINE BRENNAN: I think the endgame here is that they are going to want to get some Russian athletes into the Olympics.

　　And, again, I know this sounds like cloak and dagger¹² and like some kind of Bond movie, but I really think we're there with this, because of this incredible, unprecedented battle between these two powerful organizations.

　　The fact that you have got the track and field athletes, you have also got Russian swimmers, John, and several others. There's another report coming out in mid-July about the state-sponsored systemic doping among the Russian athletes. So, at that point, you might hear the cry to have the Russian athletes be completely kicked out of the Olympic Games.

　　But that's only two weeks before Rio. I think what we could see happening is many more Russian athletes than we even think about right now being allowed in, only because they're going to run out of time to prove that they're guilty.

　　JOHN YANG: We have got less than a minute left, and we have got all sorts of issues surrounding the Rio Olympics.

　　We're less than six weeks away. You have the Zika virus. You have got questions about health and safety down there. And now you have got this. Is there a big cloud that's going to be over these Games?

　　CHRISTINE BRENNAN: There could be unlike any other Olympics.

　　Usually, there's always something that you think about, terrorism in Sochi or terrorism in Athens, a home game for the terrorists at the Olympics in Athens in '04, and then nothing bad happens.

　　The question here is maybe will Rio be that first Olympic city to be consumed by the Olympic Games? Because, as you said, so many things on their plate. And then you throw in this Russian controversy¹³. And I hope that's not the case, but I think Rio might really be that first Olympic city to have real trouble hosting the Games.

　　JOHN YANG: Two months away. We will see what happens.

　　Christine Brennan, thanks so much for being with us.

　　CHRISTINE BRENNAN: Thank you, John.

1 athletics   

n.运动，体育，田径运动

参考例句：

• When I was at school I was always hopeless at athletics.我上学的时候体育十分糟糕。
• Our team tied with theirs in athletics.在田径比赛中，我们队与他们队旗鼓相当。

2 federation   

n.同盟，联邦，联合，联盟，联合会

参考例句：

• It is a federation of 10 regional unions.它是由十个地方工会结合成的联合会。
• Mr.Putin was inaugurated as the President of the Russian Federation.普京正式就任俄罗斯联邦总统。

3 federations   

n.联邦( federation的名词复数 )；同盟；联盟；联合会

参考例句：

• These problems are women's special problems and special work of women's federations. 这样的问题，就是妇女的特殊问题，就是妇联的特殊工作。 来自互联网
• The Bridge Federate is a feasible solution to achieve multi-federations interconnection. 基于桥接成员实现多联邦互连是目前较为通用和可行的方法。 来自互联网

4 unprecedented   

adj.无前例的，新奇的

参考例句：

• The air crash caused an unprecedented number of deaths.这次空难的死亡人数是空前的。
• A flood of this sort is really unprecedented.这样大的洪水真是十年九不遇。

5 contradictory   

adj.反驳的，反对的，抗辩的；n.正反对，矛盾对立

参考例句：

• The argument is internally contradictory.论据本身自相矛盾。
• What he said was self-contradictory.他讲话前后不符。

6 columnist   

n.专栏作家

参考例句：

• The host was interviewing a local columnist.节目主持人正在同一位当地的专栏作家交谈。
• She's a columnist for USA Today.她是《今日美国报》的专栏作家。

7 commentator   

n.注释者，解说者；实况广播评论员

参考例句：

• He is a good commentator because he can get across the game.他能简单地解说这场比赛，是个好的解说者。
• The commentator made a big mistake during the live broadcast.在直播节目中评论员犯了个大错误。

8 tune   

n.调子；和谐，协调；v.调音，调节，调整

参考例句：

• He'd written a tune,and played it to us on the piano.他写了一段曲子，并在钢琴上弹给我们听。
• The boy beat out a tune on a tin can.那男孩在易拉罐上敲出一首曲子。

9 bailed   

保释，帮助脱离困境( bail的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Fortunately the pilot bailed out before the plane crashed. 飞机坠毁之前，驾驶员幸运地跳伞了。
• Some water had been shipped and the cook bailed it out. 船里进了些水，厨师把水舀了出去。

10 presumption   

n.推测，可能性，冒昧，放肆，[法律]推定

参考例句：

• Please pardon my presumption in writing to you.请原谅我很冒昧地写信给你。
• I don't think that's a false presumption.我认为那并不是错误的推测。

11 innocence   

n.无罪；天真；无害

参考例句：

• There was a touching air of innocence about the boy.这个男孩有一种令人感动的天真神情。
• The accused man proved his innocence of the crime.被告人经证实无罪。

12 dagger   

n.匕首，短剑，剑号

参考例句：

• The bad news is a dagger to his heart.这条坏消息刺痛了他的心。
• The murderer thrust a dagger into her heart.凶手将匕首刺进她的心脏。

13 controversy   

n.争论，辩论，争吵

参考例句：

• That is a fact beyond controversy.那是一个无可争论的事实。
• We ran the risk of becoming the butt of every controversy.我们要冒使自己在所有的纷争中都成为众矢之的的风险。