PBS高端访谈:埃尔多安进一步加强对土耳其军队的控制

 　　HARI SREENIVASAN, PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND ANCHOR: Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan moved today to further tighten¹ his government's control of the armed forces following this month's failed military coup². Erdogan fired 1,400 soldiers, sailors and airmen, including his own chief military adviser³, for suspected links to U.S.- based cleric Fethullah Gulen, accused by Erdogan of masterminding the aborted⁴ coup. Erdogan also abolished all military academies, staff the top military council with civilians⁵ and said he and the prime minister will have direct authority over the armed forces.

　　Just how far will Erdogan's crackdown go?

　　Joining us via Skype from Istanbul is "Wall Street Journal" reporter Dion Nissenbaum.

　　So, this shake up in the military is happening at a time when NATO allies were wondering, wait, who's actually in charge, who do I have a relationship with that I can trust?

　　DION NISSENBAUM, WALL STREET JOURNAL: That's right. And there is actually two wars going on on the border with Turkey. You've got Turkey's own war with Kurdish militants⁶ and one of the coup plotters, the alleged⁷ coup plotters was actually overseeing that war. And then you have the war against Islamic State and the general at the Incirlik Air Base which is the main base where the U.S. uses to carry out strikes against Islamic State, he was arrested as well. There are tankers⁸ used from that base to refuel some of the jet fighters used in the coup plot.

　　So, you've got U.S. military saying, how much is this going to impact our fight. They are seeing an impact already, but it's a little bit too early to say, if there will be a measurable or long-term impact.

　　埃尔多安进一步加强对土耳其军队的控制

　　SREENIVASAN: So, you know, we've heard different reports, we've heard some detentions⁹, we've heard some arrests. We've heard some people release. If they are out, if they're not detained, is there a possibility that they decide to kind of group text each other and form the equivalent of, you know, a movement against Erdogan?

　　NISSENBAUM: It's difficult to tell, we're under a state of emergency here in Turkey that's up to three months, maybe longer, depending on how it goes. The crackdown here has been widespread, 10,000 people arrested up to 70,000 people have lost their jobs, suspended or dismissed. You know, there is, I'd say a broad fear right now about this crackdown, journalists have fled the country, passports have been cancelled.

　　There isn't a lot of space here I would say for political opposition¹⁰ against President Erdogan. There was some space for it before the coup, but now that that coup has been put down, it's really given President Erdogan a lot of wind under his sails to press forward with what he really wants in this country, which is an executive American-style presidency¹¹, where it's putting all of the resources under his control. As you mentioned at the beginning, he's doing that now, today, with the military.

　　SREENIVASAN: What about all these different military academies? Why are though so important to try to purge¹² or to retain under his control?

　　NISSENBAUM: It's an interesting question. The notion here by the government is that the people who planned the coup was led by this cleric Fethullah Gulen as you mentioned. And he's known for essentially¹³ feeding and seating people throughout the government.

　　So, I guess the suspicions with the military academy is that it's filled with these people that are loyal not to Turkey but to Fethullah Gulen in Pennsylvania, that they must feel like they just need to essentially wipe the slate¹⁴ clean and start again. That's — it's just happened today, so we don't have a lot of the rationale for why their closing the academies. But that would be my guess.

　　SREENIVASAN: All right. Dion Nissenbaum, joining us via Skype from Istanbul of the "The Wall Street Journal" — thanks so much.

　　NISSENBAUM: Thank you.

 

1 tighten   

v.(使)变紧；(使)绷紧

参考例句：

• Turn the screw to the right to tighten it.向右转动螺钉把它拧紧。
• Some countries tighten monetary policy to avoid inflation.一些国家实行紧缩银根的货币政策，以避免通货膨胀。

2 coup   

n.政变；突然而成功的行动

参考例句：

• The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
• That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。

3 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

4 aborted   

adj.流产的，失败的v.（使）流产( abort的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）（某事物）中止；（因故障等而）（使）（飞机、宇宙飞船、导弹等）中断飞行；（使）（飞行任务等）中途失败

参考例句：

• The rocket flight had to be aborted because of difficulties with computer. 因电脑出故障，这次火箭飞行只好中辍。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• They aborted the space flight finally. 他们最后中止了这次宇航飞行。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

6 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

7 alleged   

a.被指控的，嫌疑的

参考例句：

• It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office. 他被指称在任时收受贿赂。
• alleged irregularities in the election campaign 被指称竞选运动中的不正当行为

8 tankers   

运送大量液体或气体的轮船[卡车]( tanker的名词复数 )； 油轮； 罐车； 油槽车

参考例句：

• They should stop offloading waste from oil tankers into the sea. 他们应当停止从油轮上往海里倾倒废弃物。
• The harbour admits large tankers and freighters. 这个港口容得下巨型油船和货轮。

9 detentions   

拘留( detention的名词复数 )； 扣押； 监禁； 放学后留校

参考例句：

• Teachers may assign detention tasks as they wish and some detentions have been actually dangerous. 老师可能随心所欲指派关禁闭的形式，有些禁闭事实上很危险。
• Intimidation, beatings and administrative detentions are often enough to prevent them from trying again. 恐吓，拷打和行政拘留足以阻止请愿者二次进京的脚步。

10 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

11 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

12 purge   

n.整肃，清除，泻药，净化；vt.净化，清除，摆脱；vi.清除，通便，腹泻，变得清洁

参考例句：

• The new president carried out a purge of disloyal army officers.新总统对不忠诚的军官进行了清洗。
• The mayoral candidate has promised to purge the police department.市长候选人答应清洗警察部门。

13 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

14 slate   

n.板岩，石板，石片，石板色，候选人名单；adj.暗蓝灰色的，含板岩的；vt.用石板覆盖，痛打，提名，预订

参考例句：

• The nominating committee laid its slate before the board.提名委员会把候选人名单提交全体委员会讨论。
• What kind of job uses stained wood and slate? 什么工作会接触木头污浊和石板呢？