PBS高端访谈:伊万卡·特朗普的产品并不是在美国制造的

 　　At the White House, it is Made in America Week, an effort to highlight President Trump¹'s goal of boosting U.S. manufacturing and job creation.

　　However, it has again sparked questions over Mr. Trump and his family's businesses, particularly where their products are manufactured. John Yang has the story.

　　Today, the White House South Lawn was turned into a showcase for products made in each of the 50 states.

　　But not on display, merchandise sold by the Trump Organization or Ivanka Trump's fashion line. Most of those things are made overseas.

　　Here to talk about how Ivanka Trump's clothing is made is Matea Gold of The Washington Post.

　　She's part of a team of reporters that investigated the Ivanka Trump brand's manufacturing practices. Matea, thanks for joining us.

　　In your story, you said that the Ivanka Trump fashion line had retail² sales of about $100 million last year. What does she make, and where does she make them?

　　The Ivanka Trump brand, which the first daughter still owns, but doesn't control on a day-to-day management, makes clothes, handbags,

　　shoes in an array of overseas factories, we found, exclusively in foreign factories.

　　We traced her current line of products to five specific countries, Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, and Vietnam.

　　There's also customs records that show that, back in 2013, some of her shoes were made in Ethiopia.

　　And the brand told us that, while they would like to bring manufacturing back to the United States,

　　they don't feel like it's really possible to do in a large-scale fashion.

　　And how does this compare? We should also note that the Trump brand, the Trump Organization brand products made in about 12 different countries,

　　including Bangladesh and China. How does this compare with the rest of the industry?

　　Well, the reality is that the American apparel industry is very firmly grounded in globalization and overseas production.

　　About 97 percent of the clothes and shoes sold here in the United States are made abroad.

　　And industry experts say that it is going to be incredibly difficult to reverse that trend.

　　So, the focus in the industry right now is not on bringing manufacturing back in a large-scale fashion,

　　but rather trying to give consumers a sense of confidence that their goods are not being made by workers overseas who are being exploited for their labor³.

　　And how does the Ivanka Trump fashion line measure up to the rest of the industry and that sort of thing in policing labor conditions at the factories they use?

　　We found that the Ivanka Trump brand lags behind many in the apparel industry, both large and small companies, when it comes to having oversight⁴ of their foreign production.

　　Up to now, they have really relied on their suppliers to certify⁵ that they are complying with their code of conduct,

　　a code of conduct, I should note, that they would not publicly disclose.

　　They are taking measures now to do greater oversight, the kind of measures that other companies already have,

　　such as bringing in a group to independently audit⁶ factories and to provide some programs on the ground to support some of the women who make their clothes.

　　And what did the Trump people say to you? Today, Sean Spicer was asked today about some of this in the White House briefing,

　　and said it would be inappropriate for him to talk about a private business at the White House podium. What did they tell you in response to these things?

　　Well, the president of the Ivanka Trump brand, Abigail Klem, told us that one of the reasons they had not taken these other measures that other companies have

　　is because they're a newer and smaller brand and that they're looking now to really try to live their mission of women who work,

　　which is the motto Ivanka Trump developed at her company throughout their whole supply chain.

　　And that is something that they said is evolving and they're going to continue to strive to do.

　　But Klem also told us that the goal of bringing manufacturing back to the United States for their company was just unrealistic,

　　that there aren't trained workers that work in the apparel industry here anymore, and, in many cases, the machinery⁷ doesn't even exist to do this kind of production.

　　Matea, let me ask you about something else you have been reporting on for The Post.

　　The financial -- the campaign spending records of the Trump 2020 campaign shows that they paid money to

　　they paid fees to Donald Trump Jr.'s lawyer before this latest story broke about the meeting with the Russian lawyer,

　　and also they reimbursed⁸ the Trump corporation for legal consulting fees. What's all this about?

　　So, we don't have a lot of answers from the campaign committee, which has declined to answer questions about these payments.

　　But one thing we saw in the most recent campaign finance filing is that the legal fees paid by the campaign committee skyrocketed in the last quarter,

　　including a $50,000 retainer paid to a criminal defense⁹ attorney who is now representing Donald Trump Jr.

　　This came in late June, before President Trump himself said he knew about this meeting in which there were several Russian or Russian-linked people involved.

　　And it does raise questions about whether this payment specifically was connected to the Russian probe.

　　And there was also this reimbursement¹⁰ to the Trump corporation for legal fees,

　　which is the first time we have seen Trump's own company being reimbursed for those kinds of service.

　　What does the Federal Election Commission say about campaign funds being used for legal fees?

　　The campaign committees have a lot of leeway to spend money on legal fees, as long as the payments are directly connected to activity connected to the campaign.

　　So if the expenses wouldn't have been incurred¹¹ all but for the campaign committee, they can pay them.

　　But if they were expenses that aren't related to political activity, they're beyond the purview¹² of the committee.

　　The fact that these payments were made through the reelection committee suggests that they are connected to some sort of legal investigation¹³ or legal work connected to the campaign.

　　Matea Gold on legal fees being paid for by the campaign and Ivanka Trump's businesses, thank you very much. Thank you. undefined

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 retail   

v./n.零售；adv.以零售价格

参考例句：

• In this shop they retail tobacco and sweets.这家铺子零售香烟和糖果。
• These shoes retail at 10 yuan a pair.这些鞋子零卖10元一双。

3 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

4 oversight   

n.勘漏，失察，疏忽

参考例句：

• I consider this a gross oversight on your part.我把这件事看作是你的一大疏忽。
• Your essay was not marked through an oversight on my part.由于我的疏忽你的文章没有打分。

5 certify   

vt.证明，证实；发证书(或执照)给

参考例句：

• I can certify to his good character.我可以证明他品德好。
• This swimming certificate is to certify that I can swim one hundred meters.这张游泳证是用以证明我可以游100米远。

6 audit   

v.审计；查帐；核对；旁听

参考例句：

• Each year they audit our accounts and certify them as being true and fair.他们每年对我们进行账务审核，以确保其真实无误。
• As usual,the yearly audit will take place in December.跟往常一样，年度审计将在十二月份进行。

7 machinery   

n.(总称)机械，机器；机构

参考例句：

• Has the machinery been put up ready for the broadcast?广播器材安装完毕了吗？
• Machinery ought to be well maintained all the time.机器应该随时注意维护。

8 reimbursed   

v.偿还，付还( reimburse的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Any out-of-pocket expenses incurred on the firm's business will be reimbursed. 由公司业务产生的开销都可以报销。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Employees are reimbursed for any legal fees incurred when they relocate. 员工调往异地工作时，他们可以报销由此产生的所有法律服务费用。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

10 reimbursement   

n.偿还，退还

参考例句：

• He received reimbursement for his travel expenses.由于出差的花费他可以得到公司的补偿。
• Which forms do I need to complete for my travel reimbursement?我需要填什么表来报我的旅费？

11 incurred   

[医]招致的，遭受的； incur的过去式

参考例句：

• She had incurred the wrath of her father by marrying without his consent 她未经父亲同意就结婚，使父亲震怒。
• We will reimburse any expenses incurred. 我们将付还所有相关费用。

12 purview   

n.范围；眼界

参考例句：

• These are questions that lie outside the purview of our inquiry.这些都不是属于我们调查范围的问题。
• That,however,was beyond the purview of the court;it was a diplomatic matter.但是，那已不在法庭权限之内；那是个外交问题。

13 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。